英语语法精讲-连俊霞语法讲义

1、2 /总论语法在各题型直接命题点的体现：一阅读：定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句-现在分词、过去分词、比较结主语从句完形：定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句-现在分词、过去分翻译：定语从句-状语从句、宾语从句、现在分词-过去分词-比较结构、倒二、英语句则：一个句子中有且只能有一2 /总论语法在各题型直接命题点的体现：一阅读：定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句-现在分词、过去分词、比较结主语从句完形：定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句-现在分词、过去分翻译：定语从句-状语从句、宾语从句、现在分词-过去分词-比较结构、倒二、英语句则：一个句子中有且只能有一动词。分号和并列连词可以连接三、长难句分析六步走(2010Tex

2、t4)These(changes)gavesmorefreedomtouse stovalue illiquidassets资产andmoreflexibilityinrecognizinglossesonlong-terme (2. （2001完形ernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbyrsseekingtobuyupinvolvedinprominentchasthetrialofRosemary 。3. （2005Text1）Whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in monkeys a

3、nd humans, whether it stems from the common an unanswered question.t the species had 35 million years ago, is , as yet, Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 3 /(2005-25)Whatcanwe inferfromthe lastBAMonkeyscanbetrainedtodeveloplBHumanindignation3 /(2005-25)Whatcanwe inferfrom

4、the lastBAMonkeyscanbetrainedtodeveloplBHumanindignationevolvedfromanuncertainCAnimalsusuallyshowtheirfeelingsopenlyashumansDCooperationamongmonkeysremainsstablehe4. (2008Text2) ernetand re from funding agencies, who are questioning why lpublishers are making money ernment-funded research by restric

5、ting s to itis stoscientificresultsa四、基本知识补充 例：WhenitcomestoEnglishtesthewhoisacollegestudentconsidersgrammarmost In2012,mostofcollegestudentsagroupofhard-workingpeopleconsideredpassingtheNETEMmost Whenitwas2012,whatwasconsideredtobethe mostimportantfor mostof college studentswhowere hard-working pe

6、ople, was passing the NETEM.（句）Whenitwas2012是时间状语；whatwasconsideredtobethemostimportantformostofcollege Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 4 / 。3. 简单句基本句型Ilike 4 / 。3. 简单句基本句型Ilike HelooksIHetoldmeaYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 5 /1能：充当句子中主语

7、、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语等成分Whyhemurderedhiswifeisclear例：Thereasonsareclear5 /1能：充当句子中主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、同位语等成分Whyhemurderedhiswifeisclear例：ThereasonsareclearHehasmadecleartheHehasmadeclearwhattheyhaddoneItisthe ItiswhetherIshoulddisgracefullysurviveorsmartlyWefoundoutthefact,theWefoundoutthethewasAmericanselect

8、edBarackObama.二、名词性结构：动名词5.2006完形Findingwaystoassistthisgrowinghomelesspopulationeincreasingly。6. (2005.49) Creating aEuropean trespects the different cultures and traditions which go make up the connecting fabric (组织) of the Old Continent（欧洲大陆）is no easy task and demands a strategic choice., 2 动名词与

9、不定式做宾8.(1994语法) ItheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsAA.havingbeenB.havingC.tohave beenD.tohave9.(2003Text1)Thelatestrevolutionisntsimplyamatterofgentlemenreadingother.Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 6 /。310.(2004Text1)Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesonthe can be time-

10、consuming and inefficient. Working wiofeyeslookingoutforernetfindingpromisingopenings（空缺） al search agent means having another set11.2004完形Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminal12. (2001Text5) I have discovered , as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized 6 /

11、。310.(2004Text1)Withthousandsofcareer-relatedsitesonthe can be time-consuming and inefficient. Working wiofeyeslookingoutforernetfindingpromisingopenings（空缺） al search agent means having another set11.2004完形Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminal12. (2001Text5) I ha

12、ve discovered , as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from editorshipofSheafterabuild-upoftabandoningthedoctrineofjuggling yourlife,andthealternativemove odownshiftingbringswithitfargreatern lsand l13. (1998Text4) Emerging from the 1980 census is cture of a nation more and reg

13、ionalcompetition,aspopulationheNortheastandMidwestreachesanear 三、名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。注：用从句代替名词充1 14.ttheseseasareerfishedhasbeenknownfor15. (1993.74) And it is imagined by t the operations of the common mind can be by no compared with these ses (the scientists mind ses), t they have to be acq

14、uired by a of l16.(2000.72)Itistthestrengthofacountryseconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeof its agriculture and industry, t urn rests upon the efforts of scientistsand technologists Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 7 /all17.(2009.46)Itmaybesaid and improving experience.tthem

15、easureoftheworthofanylinstitutionisitseffectin18. (1994.75) Whether ernment should increase the financing of pure science at the expense technologyorviceversa oftendependsonthe eofwhichisseenasthedriving7 /all17.(2009.46)Itmaybesaid and improving experience.tthemeasureoftheworthofanylinstitutionisit

16、seffectin18. (1994.75) Whether ernment should increase the financing of pure science at the expense technologyorviceversa oftendependsonthe eofwhichisseenasthedriving 19.(2005Text2)Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistarguedt)smokingwouldkillusthedoubterstwe didntknowfor 20. (2004.61) The Greekstt

17、he structure of languagehad some connection with the s thought,whichtookrootinEuropelongbeforepeoplerealizedhowdiverselanguagescould s not the how well it can control expres sible latitude. but in whether it gives freedom of thought and 3语从 22.(1997Text2)Areportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorstothe

18、 US is howfriendly,courteous,and helpful most Americans were to them.。23.(2006Text3)Thenotiontpeoplehavefailedtodetectthemassivechangeswhichhaveheoceanbecausetheyhavebeenlookingbackonlyarelativelyshortothe8 /a. 名词+24.(2005Text3)Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionary theory shadows of our uncons

19、cious desires and fears.tdreamswerethe后25.(2011.46)Allenscontributionwastotakeanmptionwealltbecausewearenotwethereforecontrolourthoughtsandrevealsitserroneous26. (2009Text 3) The conventional t education8 /a. 名词+24.(2005Text3)Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionary theory shadows of our unconsci

20、ous desires and fears.tdreamswerethe后25.(2011.46)Allenscontributionwastotakeanmptionwealltbecausewearenotwethereforecontrolourthoughtsandrevealsitserroneous26. (2009Text 3) The conventional t education should be one of the very highest priorities promotingeconomicdevelopmentinpoorcountriesis27. What

21、 he wanted to convey t he was innocent, but the public t the t irhadastronginfluenceonthefemalestarswastheprominentevidenceforhis28. (2012Text1) But in her new book, he Club, Tina Rosenberg t re be itiveforcethroughwhatshecallsthelcure,in anizationsandlsuse ofgroupdynamicstohelpindividualsimprovethe

22、irlivessiblythe中，TinaRosenberg 29.(2012Text2)Nowthecompanyddenlytthe2002agreementisinvalidbecauseof2006legislation,tonlytheserovernuclear30. (2010Text2) The Federal Circuit i by all 12 of the courts judges, rathered an unusual order t the case (Bilski) would be na typical panel of three,t one e it w

23、ants to evaluate whetheritshouldreconsideritseStreet全部12Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 9 /，（2010-27）Whichofthefollowingistrue9 /，（2010-27）WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheBilskicase?ItsrulingswiththecourtItinvolvesaverybigbusinessIsbeendismissedbytheFederalItmaychangethel

24、egalheYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 10/ 形容词性语法内容一、能：定语、表语、补语、状语例：SheisWefindtheThegirlstoodthere,fullofHeisahandsome He isaboywhoisWeshouldknowtheculturepastand二、形容词性从句：定语从10/ 形容词性语法内容一、能：定语、表语、补语、状语例：SheisWefindtheThegirlstoodthere,fullofHeisahandsome He isaboywhoisW

25、eshouldknowtheculturepastand二、形容词性从句：定语从 t否31.（2005.47）Multi-media groups have been increasingly sful: groups which bring together t work in relation to one another.,radio,rs,magazinesandpublishing32. (1999Text2) Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online ions only establishedbusiness

26、partnerswhoaregivenstothecompanys33.Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,whichcontributedalottocsinhis1 34.Mostjournalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandard templates模式) (嵌入，套入) each days events.o whichthey35. (2012Text1) But in her new book, he Club, Tina Rosenberg t re be itiveforcethroughwhat

27、shecallsthelcure,inanizationsandlsuseofgroupdynamicstohelpindividualsimprovetheirlivessiblytheYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 11/2 关系副词引导的定语从句：when 引导、where 引导、why 引导、whereby 引导isoneofthemeanswherebythesefeelingsarecreatedand37. (1998cloze)Bycontrast, theyhe dred yearsf

28、rom1659 to 1750, whenwasstilla11/2 关系副词引导的定语从句：when 引导、where 引导、why 引导、whereby 引导isoneofthemeanswherebythesefeelingsarecreatedand37. (1998cloze)Bycontrast, theyhe dred yearsfrom1659 to 1750, whenwasstillayagriculturalriodofabundanceand 38.(2005Text3)Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnightssleep,dreamsseemtob

29、eleastwithinourIndreams,a windowoaworldwherelogicspendedandeople3as 引导的定语从句： 39.2001Passage4Themostimportantbehindthemassive巨大的M&A并购waveare t(引起theglobalization40.Thesungivesusasmuchenergyeveryminuteasindusesina 41. (2006Text2) Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industryWilliam Shakespe

30、aretherearetwodistinctivelyseparateandincreasingly。42. (2006Translation) This description even fits the majority eminent scholars. Being learned in branchesofnowledgeisonething;livinginpublic andindustriousthoughts,assay,issomethingYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 12/ 作文

31、常用句型：Asisshown hctures,Asisseenfromthechart,Asisvividlyhe4 定语从句和同位语从句区分：ttheyhavedrawnisttheywontacceptourconditionsis5 定语从句检测12/ 作文常用句型：Asisshown hctures,Asisseenfromthechart,Asisvividlyhe4 定语从句和同位语从句区分：ttheyhavedrawnisttheywontacceptourconditionsis5 定语从句检测43. he idealized of how science is done, f

32、acts about the world are waiting to observedandcollectedbyobjectiveresearcherswhousethescientificmethodtocarryouttheir44.2006翻译) The definition also excludes the majority ctors, despite the t teaching traditionallybeenthemethodwherebyellectualsearntheir45. (1994 完形54) The words used by the speaker m

33、ay stir up unfavorable reactionshe listener 45 erfere with his comprehenA. B.C.D. 46. (2006Text2) Hilton is building its own there, which you may be sure will be decorated mburgerBars,theLearLounge,theBanquoBanquetingRoom,andsoforth,andwillbe47.(2008Text4)TheyhavebeenspurredinpartbyDNAevidencemadeav

34、ailablein1998,whichcertainlyprovedThomasJeffersonhadeastonechildwithhisslaveSally 48.(2008Text4)Washington,whohadbeguntotallmenwerecreatedequalafterobservingbraveryoftheblacksoldiersduringtheRevolutionaryWar,overcamethestrongop to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.itionofhisYouneverknowhows

35、trongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 13/ 。 tofreeslavesoriginatedfromhis.morall 49. (2010Text1) Of all the ve taken place in English-language rs during the quarter-century,13/ 。 tofreeslavesoriginatedfromhis.morall 49. (2010Text1) Of all the ve taken place in English-language rs during the

36、quarter-century,perhaps the mostfar-reaching has been the inexorable decline of their arts coverage.he scopeand 50.(2010Text1)Itisdifficulttotheofsibilityfortheaveragereaderoffortyimagineatimewhenhigh-qualityartscriticismcouldbeostbig-city三、分词：现在分词、过去分时态与1能：定语、表语、宾语/主语补足语、状语定语Weareoftenattractedbyen

37、chantingWemustadapt适应ourthinkingtothechangedThevisitingChinanowwillreturnon51.(2006Text4)Afterall,whatistheonemodernformofalmostydedicated用于tocting52.1996年语法TherewasaerestingremarkinabookbyantIreadYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 14/ whathethoughtwasareasonforthisAmerica

38、ncharacteristic.A.B.C.toD.53. (1995年语法) How manyof , say, a tis irrelevantto uswould .A.B.C.toD.have14/ whathethoughtwasareasonforthisAmericancharacteristic.A.B.C.toD.53. (1995年语法) How manyof , say, a tis irrelevantto uswould .A.B.C.toD.have54. (1999年语法) Its easy to blame the decline of conversation

39、 on the pace of modern life and on the vague (不明确的) changesplace in our ever-changing world. AA. B.toC.D. 55.(2003.63)Theemphasisondatahand,combinedl science.ysisofculturespastandpresent,makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportant译56.(2010Text1)Weare evenfartherremovedfromtheunfocusedr reviewspublis

40、hed inn the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, ime when was dirt-andstylishartscriticismwasconsideredanornamenttothepublicationsinwhichit甚至离20世纪和二战前夕在英(2010-22)rreviewsinEnglandbeforeWorldWarIIwerecharacterizedby.A.freeB.casualC.D.radical表语Hisargumentisvery57.（2005Text3）Indreams,a

41、windowopens people speak.oaworldwherelogic补足语：Whilewalkingalongthestreets,weoftenhearsomeonesingingforhis/herYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 15/ hemorning,peoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhouseyTeachersalwaysspeakloudlyinordertomakethemselves5.状语：a. Changingfroms

42、olidtoliquid,water15/ hemorning,peoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhouseyTeachersalwaysspeakloudlyinordertomakethemselves5.状语：a. Changingfromsolidtoliquid,watertakesinheatfromall(物质nearhislight,economiccrisisisnotasseriousaspeoplegenerallyb. 58. (1998语法)Hewasnt asked to take on the chairmanship

43、 of the society, nsfcenypopularllmembers.A.beingB.C.tobeD.having59. (1992 语法) oftheburdenofice,theballoonclimbedupanddriftedtothesouth.A.TobeB.C.ToD. 60.(1993语法)Allbecauseofthesnowstorm（暴风雪）,wedecidedtotaketheA.wereB.hadbeenC.havingD.havingbeen61. (2012Text4) ns have repeatedly backloaded public-sec

44、tor pay deals, ng the increasesmodestbutaddingtoholidaysandllystarealready62.(1999Text1)Feelingthreatened,companiesrespondedbywritingever-longerwarninglabels,tryingsible63.(2004.64) herelationshipoflanguageandthought,WhorfdevelopedthetthestructureoflanguagedeterminesthestructureofhabitualthoughtinaY

45、ouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 16/ 64. (2007Text4) Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only data-rich industries such as s and air travel, 16/ 64. (2007Text4) Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen

46、as a concern only data-rich industries such as s and air travel, information protection is now high on ssagendainbusinessesofevery信息资源丰富产业所关切的一个方面，比业、电信业以及航空旅游业。如今，信息保护则。Timepermitting,wearegoingtoBeijingBotanical65. (2001年语法Goodnewswassometimesreleasedprematurely（提前地）withtheBritish（重新收回，夺回）ofthelfa

47、daybeforethe A.toB.C.D.was66.(1999Text3)But,forasmallgroupofstudents,altrainingmightbethewaytogosincedevelopedskills,allotherfactorsbeingequal,canbethedifferencenhavingajobor67. (1997年语法) Just as the value of ephone network increases with each new to system,sodoesthevalueofacomputersystemincreasewit

48、heachtturnsout. A.B.tohaveC.toD.68.(1993年语法)Asfortheer,itisinconvenienttobecold,withmost料）isallowedsavedforthedawn. A. tC.D.Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 译文：但是，对一个小部分学生来说，职业教育也是条可取的路径。因为在 其他17/ 17/ Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 18/ 副词性语

49、法一、能：状语例：Shecarefullypickedupallthe bitsofbrokenHe isoldenoughtogetHepassed-roundoftheexamination.However,hewasnotadmittedbyRenminUniversityhisperformanceonoralEnglish18/ 副词性语法一、能：状语例：Shecarefullypickedupallthe bitsofbrokenHe isoldenoughtogetHepassed-roundoftheexamination.However,hewasnotadmittedbyR

50、enminUniversityhisperformanceonoralEnglishwasreally二、副词性从句：状语从6. 2005.9）Strangely, some people find aresensitivetothesmellsofbothflowers.Dttheycansmellonetypeofflowerbutnotanother,A. B.C.D.70.（1997.48）The phenomenon provides a way for avoiding market circles and the growing burdens im (退休金) plans. B

51、companies to remain globally competitive 48 ed by employment rules, healthcare costs A. B.C.D.注71.(2010-18)When work started again on Monday, output duly rose comparedwith the previous and continued to rise for the next couple of days. ,a comparisonwith data ks when there noiontoutputalwayswentuponM

52、ondays.A. B.C.D. 72.(2007-9)Generallytherewasatthenewnationsshouldbesovereignandindependentlargeenoughtobeeconomicallyviableegratedbya common setofOnthe e offreedomofreligionand itionofthechurch, ,therewaslessamongtheleadership.A. B.D.73.(2006-1)ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmericaspopulatio

53、n. ,homelessreachedsuchternmentsiblycope.B.C.D. 74.(2005-16)Theexplanationforinsensitivitytosmellseemstotbrainfindsitinefficienttokeepsmell receptors working all the time an create new receptors if sary. This may 16 _ Youneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 19/ whywearenotusual

54、lysensitive toourownsmellswesimplydonotneedtobe.A. B.C.D.75.(2006-7)Estimatesrangeanywherefrom600,000to319/ whywearenotusuallysensitive toourownsmellswesimplydonotneedtobe.A. B.C.D.75.(2006-7)Estimatesrangeanywherefrom600,000to3million. thefiguremayvary,ystsagreeonanothertthenumberofthehomelessistC.

55、D.t1 时间状语从句：正as,till,(not)until,assoonas,every(each)time,theinstant,thethemoment,thesecond,non,hardly.when; 之前-before; 之 例：Thebabystartscryingtheminuteheseeshisfather. Nosoonerhadhedrunkthenhebegantofeeldrowsy（困倦的76.（2002年翻译）Itwillnotsolveourproblems,howeveruntilitrepla and these are strongly entren

56、ched（确定的）. notuntilUntil在句77. （1994Text2）Whilecomputersoffertheseconvenien sellers too.toconsumers,theyhavemanyadvantages78. （1991年语法tospeakwhentheerruptedhim.A.HardlyhadheB.NosoonerhadheYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 20/ C.Notuntilhe D.Scarcelydidhe79. （1998年语法ngisasu

57、rewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisitcomestoclassroomDA.B.C.D. 80. （2002.22）As was discussed before, it was the 19th20/ C.Notuntilhe D.Scarcelydidhe79. （1998年语法ngisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisitcomestoclassroomDA.B.C.D. 80. （2002.22）As was discussed before, it was the 19th t the r be

58、came dominantpre-electronic mediumfollowing company of the periodical (期刊). Dhe wake of the hlet (小册子) and the book A.B.C.D.81. (2001-6) In a significant tightening of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord roduce a draft t will e making payments to witnesses illegal and will strictly

59、theamountoftcanbe giventoa case 6 _atrialbegins.A.B.C.D.282. （1998Text2）EverywhereyougoinAmerica,youheartalesofcorporateing, ifonly：只要；onlyif注：83.（1996年语法）Theseniorlibrarianatthecirculationdeskpromisedtogetthebookforme she could remember who last borrowed it.A.everB.muchC.evenD.if 84. （2004年完形42）Hec

60、ancontinuetosupporthimselfanhisheasurplus.A.onlyB.muchC.longD.evering,ming,titrains,layfootballFarmerswillhaveagoodharvest,mingtheweatherisYouneverknowhowstrongyouareuntilbeingstrongistheonlychoiceyou 21/ Provided/Providingwegetgoodweatheritwillbeasfulaslong85. （2002Text4）Aslongasa doctorprescribesa