英语经济词汇

1、英语经济词汇Aaccounting 会计 accounting cost 会 计成本 accounting profit会计禾U润adverse selection逆向选择allocation酉已置 allocation of resources 资源酉已置 allocative efficiency酉已置效率antitrust legislation反托拉斯法arc elasticity 弧弹性 Arrows impossibility theorem阿罗不可能定理Assumption假设 asymetricinformation非对称性信息 average平均average cost平均成

2、本average costpricing平均成本定价法average fixed cost平均固定成本average product of capital资本平均产量average product of labour劳动平均产量average revenue平均收益average total cost平均总成本averagevariable cost平均可变成本B barriers to entry 进入壁垒base year基年 bilateral monopoly双边垄断benefit 收益 black market 黑市 blisspoint 极乐点 boundary point 边界点

3、 break even point收支相抵点budget 预算 budget constraint预算约束budget line 预算线 budget set 预算集 C capital 资本 capital stock资本存量capital output ratio资本产出比率capitalism 资本主义cardinal utilitytheory基数效用论cartel 卡特尔ceteris puribus assumption其他条件不变”的假设ceteris puribus demand curve其他因素不变的需求曲线Chamberlin model张伯伦模型需求量变change i

4、n demand需求变化需求量变change in quantity demanded化供给量变化change in quantity supplied change in supply 供给变化供给量变化choice 选择closed set 闭集Coase theorem科斯定理Cobb Douglas production function柯布-道格拉斯生产函数cobweb model蛛网模型collective bargaining 集体协议工资collusion 合谋command economy指令经济commodity 商品commodity combination商品组合com

5、modity combination商品组合commodity market 商品市场commodity space商品空间common property公用贝才产comparative static analysis比较静态分析compensated budget line补偿预算线compensated demand function补偿需求函数compensation principles补偿原贝 U compensating variation in income入补偿变量competition 竞争competitive market竞争性市场complement goods 互补品

6、complete information 完全信息completeness 完备性condition for efficiency in exchange交换的最优条件condition for efficiency in production生产的最优条件concave 凹concave function 凹函数concave preference凹偏好concave preference凹偏好consistence致性consistence致性constant cost industry成本不变产业constant returns to scale规模报酬不变constraints 约束c

7、onsumer 消费者consumer behavior 消费者行为consumer choice消费者选择consumer equilibrium消费者均衡consumer optimization消费者优化consumer preference消费者偏好consumer surplus消费者剩余consumer theory消费者理论consumer theory消费者理论consumption 消费consumption bundle 消费束consumption combination消费组合consumption possibility curve消费可能曲线consumption

8、possibility frontier消费可能性前沿consumption set 消费集consumption space消费空间continuity 连续性continuous function连续函数contract curve契约曲线convex 凸convex function 凸函数convex preference 凸偏好convex set 凸集corporation 公司cost 成本cost benefit analysis成本收益分cost function 成本函数cost minimization成本极小化Cournot equilibrium古诺均衡Cournot

9、 model古诺模型Cross price elasticity交叉价格弹性Ddead -weights loss 重负损失decreasing cost industry成本递减产业decreasing returns to scale规模报酬递减deduction 演绎法demand 需求demand curve 需求曲线demand elasticity需求弹性demand elasticity需求弹性demand function需求函数demand function需求函数demand price需求价格demand schedule 需求表depreciation 折旧deriva

10、tive 导数derive demand派生需求difference equation差分方程differential equation微分方程differentiated good差异商品differentiated oligoply 差异寡头diminishing marginal substitution际替代率递减diminishing marginal return收益递减diminishing marginal utility边际效用递减direct approach 直接法direct taxes直接税discounting贝占税、折扣diseconomies of scale规

11、模不经济disequilibrium 非均衡distribution 分酉已division of labour 劳动分工distribution theory of marginalproductivity边际生产率分配论duoupoly 双头垄断、双寡duality 对偶durable goods 而寸用品dynamic analysis动态分析dynamic models动态模型EEconomic agents 经济行为者economic cost经济成本economic efficiency经济效率economic goods 经济物品economic man 经济人economic

12、mode经济模型生产的economic profit经济禾 U 润生产的economic region of production经济区域economic regulation 经济调节economic rent经济租金exchange 交换economics 经济学exchange efficiency交换效率economy 经济exchange contract curve交换契约曲线economy of scale规模经济Edgeworth box diagram埃奇沃思图exclusion排斥性、排他性Edgeworth contract curve埃奇沃思契约线Edgeworth m

13、odel埃奇沃思模型efficiency 效率）效益efficiency parameter 效率参数替代弹性elasticity 弹性替代弹性elasticity of substitutionendogenous variable内生变量endowment 禀赋endowment of resources资源禀赋Engel curve恩格尔曲线entrepreneur 企业家entrepreneurship企业家才能entry barriers进入壁垒entry/exit decision 进出决策envolope curve 包络线equilibrium 均衡equilibrium co

14、ndition均衡条件equilibrium price均衡价格equilibrium quantity 均衡产量eqity 公平equivalent variation in income收入等价变量excess capacity theorem过度生产能力定理excess supply过度供给exchange 交换exchange contract curve交换契约曲线exclusion排斥性、排他性exclusion principle排他性原则existence 存在性总体existence of general equilibrium总体均衡的存在性exogenous variab

15、les外生变量exogenous variables外生变量expansion paths扩展径expectation 期望expected utility期望效用expected value 期望值expenditure支出explicit cost显性成本external benefit夕卜部收益external cost 夕卜部成本external economy外部经济external diseconomy 夕卜部不经济externalities 夕卜部性FFactor 要素factor demand要素需求factor market要素市场factors of production生

16、产要素factor substitution要素替代factor supply 要素供给fallacy of composition合成谬误final goods最终产品firm 企业firms demand curve for labor 企业劳动需求曲线firm supply curve企业供给曲线first-degree price discrimination第级价格歧视first order condition 一阶条件fixed costs固定成本fixed input固定投入fixed proportions productionfunction 固定比例的生产函数flow 流量

17、fluctuation 波动for whom to produce为谁生产free entry 自由进入free goods 自由品）免费品free mobility of resources资源 自 由流动free rider搭便车，免费搭车function 函数future value未来值future value未来值game theory对策论、博弈论general equilibrium总体均衡general goods一般商品Giffen goods 吉芬晶收入补偿需求曲线Giffens Paradox 吉芬之谜Gini coefficient吉尼系数goldenrule黄金规则g

18、oods 货物government failure政府失败government regulation政府调控government regulation政府调控总效用可grand utility possibility curve总效用可能曲线grand utility possibility frontier，总效用可能前沿Hheterogeneous product 异质产 品Hicks kaldor welfare criterion希克斯一尔多福利标准homogeneity 齐次性homogeneous demand function齐次需求函数homogeneous product同质

19、产品homogeneous product同质产品homogeneous production function次生产函数horizontal summation 水平和household 家庭how to produce如何生产human capital 人力资本hypothesis 假说Iidentity 恒等式imperfect competion不完全竞争implicitcost隐性成本income 收入income compensated demand curveincome constraint收入约束income consumption curve收入消费曲线income dis

20、tribution收入分配income effect收入效应income elasticity of demand需求收入弹性规模报酬递increasing cost industry成本递增产业规模报酬递increasing returns to scale增inefficiency缺乏效率index number 指数indifference无差异indifference curve无差异曲线indifference map 无差异族indifference relation 无差异关系indifference set无差异集indirect approach 间接法individual analysis个量分析个人需求函individual demand curve个人需求曲线个人需求函individual demand function数induced variable引致变量induction 归纳法industry 产业industry equilibrium 产业均衡industry supply curve产业供给曲线inelastic缺乏弹性的inferi