高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典解析

1、高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析高考英语阅读理解(科普环保)试题经典及解析一、高中英语阅读理解科普环保类1犇犇阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最正确选项。Anewstudyfrombrainresearchershelpsexplainhowthehumanbrainevolvedorchangedovertime,topermitpeopletospeakandwrite.MichaelUllman,theleadresearcher,aprofessoratGeorgeto

2、wnUniversityMedicalSchoolinWashington,D.C,hasbeenstudyinglanguagelearningformorethan20years.Ullmansayshisresearchshowsthatthehumanbraindoesnothaveaspecialareaorsystemformakinglanguage.Overtimewehavesimplyreusedorco-opted(指派)partsofourbrainforlanguage.Andthoseparts,hesays,areancient-oldereventhanhuma

3、nsthemselves.Thisstudyexaminesthetheoreticalframework(准则)thatlanguageislearned,storedandprocessedintwoancientlearningandmemorysystemsinthebrain.Ullman,Hamrickandtherestoftheteamlookedatdatafrom16otherstudiesonlanguage.Theyfoundthatpeoplelearnlanguageusingtwomemorysystems:declarativeandprocedural.Mem

4、orizingvocabulary,forexample,isadeclarativememoryprocess.Butlearninggrammaris,mostly,aproceduralmemoryprocess.Declarativememory,inhumansatleast,iswhatwethinkofaslearningmemory,suchas,Oh,rememberwhatyousaidlastnightorthingslikethat.Andproceduralmotormemoryiswhatweoftencallmotormemorysuchashowyoulearn

5、torideabicycle.Or,Ullmanadds,Theseproceduralmemoryskillsbecomesodeeplyleanedthatwearenolongerawarethatwearedoingthem.However,Ullmanexplainsthatthetwolong-termmemorysystemscansharetasks.And,headds,theadultbrainusesthesystemstolearnlanguageabitdifferentlythanachildsbrain.Adultlanguagelearnersofasecond

6、languagemayusetheirdeclarativememoryforusinggrammarpatterns.Theythinkaboutitpurposefully.Forachild,thegrammarmaycomemorenaturally.Theydonthavetothinkaboutthegrammarrulesbeforespeaking.Inadditiontolanguagelearners,Ullmansstudycouldhelppeoplewhohaveabraininjurythataffectsspeakingandwriting.Thisknowled

7、gecanalsohelpthosewhohavelearningdisabilitiessuchasdyslexia(阅读阻拦).Peoplewithdyslexiahavedifficultyrecognizingwordsandsymbolsaccurately.1）HowdidUllmanstudyhumansmemorysystems?2）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofmotormemory?A.Learningtomakeamodelplane.B.RememberingthegrammarpatternsC.Repeatingwhatyouhea

8、rd.D.Memorizingwhatyouread.3）Whatdoestheunderlinedworditreferto?4）Whatsthemainideaofthetext?A.Ullmanhasadvancedourlanguageunderstanding.B.Anewresearchhelpspeoplelearnanewlanguage.C.Learningmemoryismoreactivethanmotormemory.D.Humanbeingslearnlanguageinprehumanareaofbrain.【答案】（1）D2）A3）C4）D【解析】【解析】本文是一

9、篇说明文，表达MichaelUllman和他的团队的研究称人类大脑前区的为语言学习区，由此解开了人类大脑进化过程之谜。在最古老的大脑学习记忆地域，陈述性记忆和运动记忆分工合作，来完成语言学习。（1）观察细节理解。依照第五段中的“Ullman,Hamrickandtherestoftheteamlookedatdatafrom16otherstudiesonlanguage.可知，该团队”经过研究其他语言学习的成就，得出的结论，应选D。2）观察推理判断。依照第六段中的Andproceduralmotormemoryiswhatweoftencallmotormemorysuchashowyoul

10、earntorideabicycle.可知，程序性运动记忆就是我们常说的运动记忆，比方学习骑自行车等技术，应选A。3）观察词义猜想。依照倒数第二段中的Adultlanguagelearnersofasecondlanguagemayusetheirdeclarativememoryforusinggrammarpatterns.可知，成年语言学习者在学习第二语言时，是成心地在使用语法句式。因此it是指代usinggrammarpatterns，应选C。（4）观察主旨马虎。依照第三段中的“Ullmansayshisresearchshowsthatthehumanbraindoesnothave

11、aspecialareaorsystemformakinglanguage.Overtimewehavesimplyreusedorco-opted(指派)partsofourbrainforlanguage.以”及全文可知，人类的语言学习是由大脑前区完成的，该地域早于人类自己。因此选D。【议论】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜想，推理判断和主旨马虎四个题型的观察，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步依照上下文的逻辑关系，进行解析，推理，概括和概括，从而选出正确答案。2犇犇阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。Whileeverydogownerk

12、nowstheirdogscanreadtheirmoodsperfectly,scientistshavealwaysbeenalittledoubtful.NowthankstosomeresearchersattheUniversityofVeterinaryMedicineinVienna,Austria,wefinallyhavesomeconvincingevidence.Fortheirstudy,biologistCorsonMillerandhisteamexposeselevenselecteddogstodigitalimagesofwomenthatwereeither

13、angryorhappy.Halfthedogswererewardedfortouchingthescreenwhenshownahappyface,whiletheotherhalfgottheirtreatforselectingthosethatappearedangry.Interestingly,thedogswerenotprovidedwiththeentireface.Somedogswereshownonlyupperhalveswhiletheothersobservedlowerhalves.Thatsbecausethescientistsbelievehumanss

14、howtheiremotionsontheirentireface.Aftersometraininglikehowtorecognizesmalldifferenceslikethewrinklesbetweentheeyesorthechangesintheirshapethataccompanythehappyorangryexpressions,thedogsweremostlyabletoidentifythecorrectexpressionnotonlyonafamiliarfacebutonastrangeface.Theresearchersconcludedthedogsw

15、eresmartenoughtoreadhumanemotions.Theyalsofoundthosebeingtrainedtoreadangryexpressionstookalongertimetolearn.Theyguessitmaybebecausedogsfindangryfacesdisgusting,causingthemtowithdrawquickly.However,oncethesmartdogsrealizedtheyweregettingrewarded,thetrepidationseemedtodisappear.Infact,thedogshadsucha

16、goodtimeplayingthecomputergameThatscientistshadahardtimekeepingthemawayfromthetouchscreensafterthestudywascompleted.Theresearchersalsonoticedonlydogswithamaleownerhadahardertimeunderstandingtheexpressionscorrectly.Sincethetouch-screenmodelswereallfemales,thisconfirmedwhathasbeenobservedinpreviousstu

17、diesdogsaremoreefficientatreadingfacialexpressionsofpeoplethatarethesamegenderastheirowner.1）Howdidthescientistsconducttheexperiment?2）TheunderlinedwordtrepidationinParagraph5probablymeans_.3）Accordingtothelastparagraph,dogswithfemaleowners_.4）Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.MoodChangesInfluenceD

18、ogsB.DogsIdentifytheMoodsC.dogsandTheirOwnersD.DogsMoodResearch【答案】（1）D2）A3）C4）B【解析】【解析】本文是一篇明文，最新的，即狗强人的面部表情的化。1）考理解。依照第二段中的FortheirstudybiologistCorsonMillerandhisteamexposedelevenselecteddogstodigitalimagesofwomenthatwereeitherangryorhappy.可知，人通屏幕向些狗显现了一女性面部表情的照片，些表情中既有快的，也有怒的。故D。2）考猜。依照第五段中的They

19、guessitmaybebecausedogsfindangryfacesdisgusting,causingthemtowithdrawquickly以及However可知，与前面意思相反，以及划后的disappear可知oncethesmartdogsrealizedtheyweregettingrewarded,thetrepidationseemedtodisappear.此句，狗看到生气的表情后会感觉，并由此退，但是一旦明的狗意到会有励此后，它的害怕以及退就会消失。由此可判断出A吻合意，故A。3）考推理判断。依照最后一段中的.thisconfirmedwhathadbeenobser

20、vedinpreviousstudiesdogsaremoreefficientatreadingfacialexpressionsofpeoplethatarethesamegenderastheirowner可知，狗擅辨与自己主人性相同的人的表情，由此推断，主人是女性的狗来辨男性面部表情的片是比困的。故C。（4）考主旨马虎。第一段提出文章的主旨即“每个狗的主人都知道他的狗狗能很好地懂他的情，但科学家素来有点疑。在，有据表示是正确的”，接着在下文用硬了然一点。因此本文的最好的目就是“狗强人的情”。故B。【点】本考点涉及理解，猜，推理判断和主旨马虎四个型的考，是一篇科研，要求考生在捕捉信息的基

21、上，一步依照上下文的关系，行解析，推理，概括和，从而出正确答案。3犇犇以下短文，从每所的A、B、C和D四其中，出最正确。Theclockalwaysseemstobetickingrathertoofastinthedoctorsofficeandthequeueofpatientsoutsidethedoorseemstobepressingrathertoohard.Somesayitshightimeforthemodelofshort,sharpone-to-oneappointmentstogivewaytosharedmedicalappointments(SMAs共享医).SMA

22、saredoctor-patientvisitsinwhichagroupofpatientsreceivepatienteducationandcounseling(咨),physicalexaminationandmedicalsupportinagroupsetting.TypicallySMAsaredesignedtohaveoneormoredoctorsattendtoagroupofpatientswhoshareacommonillnessormedicalcondition.Incontrasttoone-to-onevisits,SMASprovidealongerapp

23、ointmenttime-frameaswellastheopportunityforpatientstohaveimprovedaccesstotheirphysiciansandmeanwhilepickupadditionalinformationandsupportfrompeers.However,doctorswhohavepioneeredthesharedappointmentapproachreportthattherearesignificantchallengesinvolved.Dr.Sumego,directorofsharedmedicalappointments,

24、ClevelandClinic,identifiesculturechangeasthemostsignificantchallenge.Physiciansandnursesaretrainedinamodelofpersonalserviceandprivacy;theSMAapproachisafundamentalchallengetothosefixedideas.Theyneedsharedgoalsandawayoftestingtheinnovationagainstagreedstandards.Dr.Sumegosays,Thephysiciansmaybeworrieda

25、boutthepossiblechaosandefficienciesthataremarketed.Theyalsohavetomakethepatientsunderstandwhattheirappointmentis,andwhattheexpectationis.So,ifanorganizationwaslookingtostartsharedmedicalappointments,Iwouldadvisethemtostartthebuy-infromafewchampionphysicians,developthework-flowanddevelopsomeexperienc

26、e.Providesomesupportbehindwhatthatbestpracticeshouldlooklike.Createsomestandardssothat,astheconceptspreads,youcanemploythatexperiencetostartthenextsharedmedicalappointmentsandthenext.1）WhatisthepurposeoftheSMAapproach?A.Toimprovemedicalservice.B.Topromotedoctorsreputation.C.Toconductmedicalresearch.

27、D.Tomeetpatientsexpectation.2）AccordingtoDr.Sumego,whatpreventstheSMAapproachfrombeingwidelyadopted?A.Personalservice.B.Fixedideas.C.Lackofequipment.D.Sharedgoals.3）Whatcantheunderlinedbuy-ininParagraph4bereplacedby?A.practiceB.organizationC.purchaseD.support4）WhatcanbelearnedabouttheSMAapproachinth

28、elastparagraph?A.Itiscurrentlybeingquestioned.B.Itisimpracticalinsomeareas.C.Itwillenjoywidepopularitysoon.D.Itshouldbecarriedoutstepbystep.【答案】（1）A2）B3）A4）D【解析】【解析】本文是一篇明文，介了SMAs(共享医)模式，以及种模式面的挑。（1）考推理判断。依照第二段中的“Incontrasttoone-to-onevisits,SMAprovidealongerappointmenttime-frameaswellastheopportuni

29、tyforpatientstohaveimprovedaccesstotheirphysiciansandmeanwhilepickupadditionalinformationandsupportfrompeers.可知SMAs模”式患者供应了更的，也患者供应了更好地与医生接触的机遇，同能从同行那处得外的信息和支持。明SAMs的出是患者供应更好的医服。故A。（2）考推理判断。依照第三段中的“Dr.umego,Sdirectorofsharedmedicalappointments,ClevelandClinic,personalserviceandprivacy;theSMAapproach

30、isafundamentalchallengetothosefixedideas.可”知Dr.Sumego，文化是最大的挑。医生和士接受的是个人服和私的培;SMAs方法是些固定想法的根本挑。也就是，改些已固定的想法是一种挑，因此些固定的想法会阻拦SMAs模式的实行，故B。（3）考猜。依照最后一段中的“ifanorganizationwaslookingtostartsharedmedicalappointments，Iwouldadvisethemtostartthebuy-infromafewchampionphysicians可知若是一个要求共享医模式的，Dr.Sumego建他从一些秀的医

31、开始”他的buy-in，依照境，故A。（4）考推理判断。依照最后一段中的“So,ifanorganizationwaslookingtostartsharedmedicalappointments,Iwouldadvisethemtostartthebuy-infromafewchampionphysicians,developtheappointmentsandthenext.可”知若是一个要开始SMAs，Dr.Sumego建他从一些秀的医开始，开一些流程，累一些。拟定一些准，以便随着看法的实行，他可以利用种开始下一次共享医尔后将下次的用到下下次。明SMAs的施需要一步一步来，不会一步到位。

32、故D。【点】本考点涉及猜和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇介，要求考生依照上下文的关系，行解析，推理，从而出正确答案。4犇犇理解Whilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwasevenmoresoforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland,NewZealand.Theybecametheworldsfirstkidstobetaughtbyadigitalteacher.Beforeyoustartimaginingahuman-likerobotwalkingaroundtheclassroo

33、m,Willisjustanavatarthatappearsonthestudentsdesktop,orsmartphonescreen,whenorderedtocome.Theautonomousanimationplatformhasbeenmodeledafterthehumanbrainandnervoussystem,allowingittoshowhuman-likebehavior.ThedigitalteacherisassignedtoteachVectorsBesustainablewithenergyafreeprogramforAucklandelementary

34、schools.Justlikethehumansitreplaced,Willisabletoinstantlyreacttothestudentsresponsestothetopic.Thankstoawebcamandmicrophone,theavatarnotonlyrespondstoquestionsthekidsmayhave,butalsopicksupnon-verbalcues.Forinstance,ifastudentsmilesatWill,herespondsbysmilingback.Thistwo-wayinteractionnotonlyhelpsattr

35、actthestudentsattention,butalsoallowstheprogramsdeveloperstomonitortheirengagement,andmakechangesifneeded.NikhilRavishankarbelievesthatWill-likeavatarscouldbeanovelwaytocatchtheattentionofthenextgeneration.Hesays,“Ihavealotofhopeinthistechnologyasameanstodeliver-costeffective,rich,educationalexperie

36、nceinthefuture.”Theprogram,inplacesinceAugust2018,hasbeenagreatsuccessthusfar.Ravishankarsays,WhatwasfascinatingtomewasthereactionofthechildrentoWill.Thewaytheylookattheworldissocreativeanddifferent,andWillreallycapturedtheirattention.However,regardlessofhowpopularitbecomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehu

37、maneducatorsanytimesoon.1）WhatwasspecialforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland?A.Adigitalteachertaughtthem.B.Theyfirstsawsomethingdigital.C.Thiswasthestartofanewschoolyear.D.Theycouldgetclosetosmartphonescreen.2）Whatisthebenefitofthistwo-wayinteraction?A.Itcansmileback.B.Itcanusemicrophone.C.Itca

38、ntalkanytopicforfree.D.Itcanchangeifnecessary.3）WhatsRavishankarsattitudetoWillsreplacingHumaneducatorssoon?A.Optimistic.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Disapproving.4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NewHigh-techContributestoEducationB.TheWorldsFirstDigitalTeacherAppearsinClassroom.C.TheWorldsFirstDig

39、italTeacher,aHelptoStudentsD.NewZealandWillReplaceTeachersinClassrooms【答案】（1）A2）D3）D4）B【解析】【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款智能机器人走进小学课堂，为孩子们解说能源可连续发展。（1）观察细节理解。依照第一段中的“Theybecametheworldsfirstkidstobe“taught”byadigitalteacher可”知，他们成为世界上第一批由智能机器人老师“教”的孩子。由此可知，特殊之处在于机器人老师教他们。应选A。（2）观察细节理解。依照第三段中的“Thistwo-wayinteract

40、ionnotonlyhelpsattractthestudentsattention,butalsoallowstheprogramsdeveloperstomonitortheirengagement,andmakechangesifneeded.即”“这种双向互动不但有助于吸引学生的注意力，还赞同程序的开发人员监察他们的参加度，并在需要时做出更正”，由此可得出，其优势在于需要时，可以做出变化。应选D。（3）观察推理判断。依照最后一段中的“However,regardlessofhowpopularitbecomes,Willisunlikelytoreplacehumaneducators

41、anytimesoon.可知，Ravishankar”认为它不会在短期内代替人类教育工作者。应选D。（4）观察主旨马虎。依照第一段中的“Whilethestartofanewschoolyearisalwaysexciting,thisyearwasevenmoresoforsomeelementaryschoolstudentsinAuckland,NewZealand.Theybecametheworldsfirstkidstobe“taught”bya可digital知，从teacher新学年开始，新”西兰奥克兰的小学生将成为世界上第一批被机器人老师教的孩子。此后文章就此张开，由此可推断

42、出heWorldsFirstDigitalTeacherAppearsinClassroom最吻合本文的标题。应选B。【议论】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨马虎三个题型的观察，是一篇科教类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步依照上下文的逻辑关系，进行解析，推理，概括和概括，从而选出正确答案。5犇犇阅读理解Three-quartersoftheworldscoffeefarmsdestroyforesthabitattogrowcoffeeinthesunandtypicallyuseharmfulpesticides(杀虫剂)andchemicalsthatpoisontheen

43、vironment.Whenforestsdisappear,migratory(迁徙的)songbirdsdisappear,too.Inordertodealwithseverepopulationandhabitatloss,SmithsonianscientistscreatedtheBirdFriendlycertification.BirdFriendlycoffeesareshade-grown,meaningthecoffeeisplantedundertrees,ratherthanonthelandthathasbeenclearedofallotherplants.Cof

44、feeexpertssayshade-growncoffeestastebetter,becausethebeansripenslowerthancoffeegrowninthefullsun,resultinginaricher,morecomplexflavor.BirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesgrowunderbio-diverseshadethatprovideshabitatformigratorysongbirdsandotherwildlife,storescarbonandfightsclimatechange.BirdFriendlycoffeesar

45、ealsocertifiedorganic,meaningtheyaregrownwithoutpesticides,whichisbetterforpeopleandfortheplanet.BirdFriendlyproducerscanalsoearnmorefortheircrops.Thewoodandfruittreesonshadecoffeefarmsprovidefarmerswithadditionalincome.EverycupofBirdFriendlycoffeepurchasedrewardsthesefarmerswithalittlemoremoneyforb

46、einggoodstewardsoftheenvironmentandencouragesthemtocontinueconservingBirdFriendlyhabitat.BuyingBirdFriendlysupportstheSmithsonianMigratoryBirdCentersconservationresearchaimedatunderstandingandprotectingyourfeatheredfriends.YoucanpurchaseBirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesaroundtheworldandprotectwildlifeand

47、habitatwitheverycup.Findastoreorcafenearyou,orbetteryet,haveitshippedtoyourdoorwhenyouorderonline.1）Whatisthepresentsituationofcoffeefarms?2）WhatsacharacteristicofBirdFriendlycoffees?A.Theymayhaveabettertaste.B.Theyhaveastrangeflavor.C.Theytakelesstimetoripen.D.Theyaregrownonunpollutedland.3）HowcanB

48、irdFriendlyfarmersearnmoremoney?A.Bychargingconsumersmoremoney.B.Bysellingfruitsandwoodfromtrees.C.Bycuttingdowntreesandsellingwood.D.Byservingasstewardsofcoffeeconsumers.4）Whatdoesthetextsuggestcoffeeconsumersdo?A.Consumelesscoffee.B.Ordercoffeeonline.C.Purchaseshade-growncoffee.D.Donatetocoffeefar

49、mers.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【解析】本文是一篇说明文，为了对付严重的迁徙鸟类的数量和栖息地损失，史密森尼的科学家创立了theBirdFriendlycertification。（1）观察推理判断。依照第一段中的“Inordertodealwithseverepopulationandhabitatloss,SmithsonianscientistscreatedtheBirdFriendlycertification.”可知，科学家们重视咖啡生长地的问题，并以想出对付方法，应选D。（2）观察细节理解。依照第二段中的“Coffeeexpertssayshade-gr

50、owncoffeestastebetter,becausethebeansripenslowerthancoffeegrowninthefullsun,resultinginaricher,morecomplexflavor.”咖啡专家说，阴凉处种植的咖啡味道更好，由于豆子比太阳下的咖啡成熟得慢，会产生更丰富，更复杂的味道。应选A。（3）观察细节理解。依照第三段中的“Thewoodandfruittreesonshadecoffeefarmsprovidefarmerswithadditionalincome.”可知，咖啡种植者可以经过咖啡树上方的thewoodandfruittrees增加收

51、入，应选B。（4）观察推理判断。依照第四段中的“YoucanpurchaseBirdFriendlycertifiedcoffeesaroundtheworldandprotectwildlifeandhabitatwitheverycup”你能在全球买BirdFriendly认证的咖啡，每杯都保护野生动物和栖息地，应选C。【议论】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的观察，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要正确掌握细节信息，同时依照上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。6阅读理解DarrellBlatchley,amarinebiologistandenvironmentalistbasedint

52、hePhilippinecityofDavao,receivedacallfromthePhilippines,BureauofFisheriesandAquaticResources(渔业与水产资源局)earlyFridaymorningreportingadeathofayoungwhale.Whenthenecropsy(尸检)wasperformed,BlatchleytoldNPR,hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhalesstomach.Itwasfullofplasticnothingbutnonstoppl

53、astic.hesaidItwasfilledtothepointthatitsstomachwasashardasabaseball.Thatmeansthatthisanimalhasbeensufferingnotfordaysorweeksbutformonthsorevenayearormore,Blatchleyadded.BlatchleyisthefounderandowneroftheDBoneCollectorMuseum,anaturalhistorymuseuminDavao.Inthecomingdays,themuseumwilldisplayalltheitems

54、foundinthewhalessystem.BlatchleyandhisteamworkwiththeBureauofFisheriesandAquaticResourcesandotherorganizationstoassistinrescueandrecoveryofmarineanimals.Withinthelast10years,wehaverecovered61whalesanddolphinsjustwithintheDavaoGulf,hesaid.Ofthem,57havediedduetomanwhethertheytookplasticorfishingnetsor

55、otherwaste,orgottencaughtinpollutionandfourwerepregnant.BlatchleysaidhehopedthatthelatestincidentwouldlaunchtheissueofplasticpollutioninthePhilippinesandacrosstheglobe.Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,hesaid.1）Whatcanheinferred

56、fromthesecondparagraph?2）WhatwillbeshownintheDBoneCollectorMuseum?A.Wastecollectedfromtheocean.B.Thewholesystemofthewhale.C.Thingsfoundinthewhalesbody.D.Manydifferenttoolsofwhaling.3）WhatdoesBlatchleythinkofplasticpollutioninthePhilippines?A.Uncommon.B.Worrying.C.Inspiring.D.Mild.4）Whatisthebesttitl

57、eforthetext?A.AWhaleFoundDeadofPlasticB.StandUpforProtectingWhalesC.PlasticThreateningOurExistenceD.NaturalDeathorMercilessMurder【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B4）A【解析】【解析】本文是一篇记述文，一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这惹起了人们对海洋塑料污染的担忧。（1）观察推理判断。依照第二段中的“hewasnotpreparedfortheamountofplastictheyfoundinthewhalesstomach可知，”布拉奇利在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的

58、塑料，他对此毫无准备，这是他意想不到的，由此可知，布拉奇利对他的发现感觉震惊，应选B。（2）观察细节理解。依照第三段中的“Inthecomingdays,themuseumwilldisplayalltheitemsfoundinthewhalessystem.可”知，在鲸鱼体内发现的东西将在这座自然博物馆中展出，应选C。（3）观察推理判断。依照最后一段中的“Ifwekeepgoingthisway,itwillbemoreuncommontoseeananimaldieofnaturalcausesthanitistoseeananimaldieofplastic,可知，布拉奇利”说若是我们

59、连续这样下去，动物因吃塑料死亡的情况比自然死亡更为常有，由此可知，他对菲律宾的塑料污染很担忧，应选B。4）观察主旨马虎。纵观全文可知，本文主要表达了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这惹起了人们对塑料污染的担忧，应选A。【议论】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨马虎三个题型的观察，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步依照上下文的逻辑关系，进行解析，推理，概括和概括，从而选出正确答案。7阅读理解Ifyouwearglasses,chancesareyouaresmarter.ResearchpublishedinthefamousBritishjournalNatureCom

60、municationshasfoundthatpeoplewhodisplayedhigherlevelsofintelligencewerealmost30percentmorelikelytowearglasses.Thescientistsstudiedthegenesofthousandsofpeoplebetweentheagesof16and102.Thestudyshowedintelligencecanbeconnectedtophysicalcharacteristics.Onecharacteristicwaseyesight.Inoutof10peoplewhowerem