2014届高三二轮复习之专题剖析 专题十 特殊句式 (专题导读+真题典析+新题预测)

1、专题十 特殊句式专题导读真题典例新题预测返回目录专题十特殊句式特殊句式主要指：省略、倒装、强调、祈使、反意疑问句和省略替代。其中高考考查的重点是祈使、倒装和强调结构。其考点主要包括：1省略句(1)在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，当从句的主语跟主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可以省略，同时将从句的谓语动词变为分词形式。 (2)在时间、地点、条件、让步等状语从句中，当从句的主语跟主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，谓语是be动词时，从句的主语、谓语可以省略。如：when/where/if necessary。 (3)当句子的谓语局部省略时，假设只用代词代替句子，那么需用代词的宾格形式。返回目录专题导读专

2、题十特殊句式(4)当省略不定式的内容时,须保存to。(5)not，so，neither的“替代性省略。 2.感慨句、祈使句和反意疑问句(1)what与how引导的感慨句作为宾语从句出现在试题中，其难点有两方面：一是复数名词或不可数名词前面用what还是how; 二是感慨句的语序。(2)祈使句的主要考点是：根据句式特点判断是祈使分句还是状语成分； 祈使句and/or结果分句。(3)反意疑问句主要考查主从复合句和并列句后面的反意疑问句。 返回目录专题导读专题十特殊句式3.倒装句(1)以here，there，out，in，up，down，away等副词开头，谓语动词多为be，come，go等时，那么

3、用全部倒装。(2)以then，now，thus等开头，谓语动词多为come，follow，begin，end，be等，主语又是名词/名词词组时，那么用全部倒装(假设主语是代词，那么不能倒装)。(3)当地点类介词短语位于句首且后有不及物动词be，come，sit，live，stand，lie，exist等时，常用全部倒装。(4)so/suchthat句型中，so/such位于句首时，so/such后的主句倒装，that从句不倒装。(5)在以never，seldom，not only，rarely，scarcely，in no way等否认或半否认词开头的句中用局部倒装。(6)only置于句首修饰

4、状语(副词、介词短语)或状语从句等时用局部倒装。返回目录专题导读专题十特殊句式(7)在hardlywhen，no soonerthan，not until句型以及as引导的让步状语从句中的倒装。(8)在省略了if的虚拟条件句中were，had或should置于句首。4.强调句型(1)强调句型的几种构成形式。如：疑问形式、It might be/must have beenthat等含有情态动词的形式。(2)强调句型和其他带有it的复合句型的区别。如：强调句型与主语从句、定语从句、时间状语从句的区别。(3)not until的强调。返回目录专题导读专题十特殊句式2021年高考将注重考查各知识点之

5、间的交叉现象，加大了综合考查语法知识的力度，在考查强调句的同时考查定语从句，把省略句以及强调句与时间状语从句、地点状语从句的考查等融合到一起，强调了学生综合把握语法知识的能力。返回目录专题导读返回目录真题典例1 2021湖南卷 Not once _ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.A. occurred it Bit did occurCit occurred Ddid it occur解析 D 考查倒装句。句意：迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为班上的一名优秀学生。否认词not once置

6、于句首，引起局部倒装。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例22021新课标全国卷 Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treated Bcan the patients be treatedCthe patients can be treated Dtreated can be the patients解析 B考查倒装句。句意：医生的数量只有增加50%之后，病人们才能在医院里得到良好的治疗。 only加上强调的介词短语、状语或

7、状语从句置于句首，句子需用局部倒装。 专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例32021新课标全国卷 It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.Awhen Bthat Cwhich Dwhat解析 B考查强调句型。句意：只有在读了这些文件后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面临的任务很难完成。此句是对only引导的时间状语从句的强调。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例42021福建卷 Not until he went throu

8、gh real hardship _the love we have for our families is important.A. had he realized Bdid he realize Che realized Dhe had realized解析 B考查倒装句。not until或其他否认词或词组放在句首时，主句用局部倒装结构。句意：直到他经历了真正的苦难后，他才意识到我们对家庭的爱是多么重要。过去完成时表示该动作(realize)先于从句的动作(went through)，不合语境，故用一般过去时。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例52021天津卷 It was not unti

9、l near the end of the letter _ she mentioned her own plan.A. that Bwhere Cwhy Dwhen解析 A考查强调句型。此句为not until句型的强调句式，故答案为that。句意：直到快接近信的结尾处她才提到了她自己的方案。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例62021辽宁卷 At no time _ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.Athey actually broke Bdo they actually breakCdid they actually b

10、reak Dthey had actually broken解析 C考查倒装句。否认介词短语位于句首时，用局部倒装。后面“It was unfair to punish them.中谓语是过去时，所以选C而不选B。 专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例72021新课标全国卷 The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _A.not to do Bnot to Cnot do Ddo not解析 B 此题考查动词不定式的省略。根据句意可知，警察要求司机不要把车停在路边。“要求某人做某事用

11、ask sb to do sth；“被要求做某事用be asked to do sth。 but后的完整表达应该是：the driver was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside，为防止重复，题干中的空缺处是一个省略了的动词不定式。应选B项。句意：司机想把车停在路边，但警察要求他不要这样做。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例82021江西卷 Only when he apologizes for his rudeness _to him again.AI will speak Bwill I speak Cdo I

12、speak DI speak解析 B考查倒装句。句意：只有当他为他的粗鲁抱歉的时候，我才会再跟他说话。此题的第一个关键词是only。当only放在句首，修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时，主句用局部倒装。第二个关键点是when引导的时间状语从句，有“主将从现的用法，此题中从句用的是一般现在时，因此主句用一般将来时。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例92021江苏卷 There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _？A. is there Bisn t there Cis he Disn t he解析 A考查反意疑问句。句意：在你看来他是

13、无辜的，这一点你并不疑心，对不对？当陈述局部有never，seldom，hardly，few，little，barely，scarcely, nothing，none，rarely，no，not，no one，nobody，neither等否认意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句那么为肯定形式，且前后主谓语保持一致。专题十特殊句式返回目录真题典例102021北京卷 _at the door before you enter my room, please.AKnock BKnocking CKnocked DTo knock 解析 10A考查祈使句。根据句子最后的please可知，这个句子是祈使句，

14、句首应该用动词原形。句意：进我房间前请敲门。专题十特殊句式返回目录新题预测1I would rather _ for a walk in the park alone than _ in the hotel room with my parents.Ago; toa stay Bto go; stay Cgoing; staying Dgo; stay解析 D考查would rather的用法。根据would rather do sth than do sth这一固定结构可知D项正确。专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测2_ going to the program If You Are the

15、One, he was rather concerned about being turned down in public. AMuch as he liked BHowever he likedCAs he liked much DAs much he liked解析 A考查as引导的倒装句。此题的Much as he liked going to the programThough he liked going to the program very much。as放在单数名词、形容词或者副词的后面，引起倒装。故A正确。专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测3He is only too re

16、ady to help others, seldom, _， refusing them when they turn to him. Aif not Bif never Cif any Dif ever解析 D考查省略句的固定结构。句意：他非常愿意帮助别人，如果他曾经拒绝过帮助别人，那也是很少的。if not如果不是这样；if never如果从未这样；if any如果有一些；if ever如果曾经有过。故D正确。专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测4When you long for life without difficulties, _ yourselves that trees grow

17、strong in contrary winds and diamonds are made under pressure. Ato remind Bremind Creminding Dreminded解析 B考查祈使句。此题前半句为when 引导的时间状语从句，后半句应该是一个完整的句子，选项中只有B项构成一个祈使句的形式。句意：当你渴望没有困难的生活的时候，请记住树是迎风生长的，宝石是在压力之下形成的。故B正确。专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测5Who is making so much noise in the garden?_ the children. AIt is BThey a

18、re CThat is DThere are 解析 A考查强调句型。此句是强调句型的省略形式，原句应为：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden. 专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测6David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature_ he chose the course. Athat Bwhat Cwhy Dhow解析 A考查强调句型。句意：大卫说正是因为他对文学的强烈兴趣，他才选择了这门课程。此处是对because of h

19、is strong interest in literature的强调。专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测7We should give the disabled encouragement to live _ as we do.Aas a rich and full life Bas rich and full a life Cso a rich and full life Dso rich and full a life解析 B考查asas的用法。句意：我们应该给那些残疾人以鼓励，让他们过上和我们一样富足的生活。当so，as，how等后面跟的名词是可数名词时，把形容词放在冠词之前，如so c

20、old a day，应选B项。专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测8I wonder _ makes the video Gangnam Style so popular.The unique dance moves and funny horse riding scenes.Ahow is it that Bwhat is it thatChow it is that Dwhat it is that专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测解析 D考查强调句型及宾语从句的语序。句意：“我想知道是什么使神曲?江南Style?这么流行。“是独特的舞蹈动作和搞笑的骑马舞。这里用了强调句型“It is被强调局部

21、that其他局部，在这个宾语从句中缺少的是主语，本句被强调的是疑问词what，它可以作主语，how不能作主语，故排除A项和C项。又因为宾语从句的语序应是陈述句语序，故排除B项，所以选D项。 专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测9I told Mum that not everyone could manage to have 3 meals on time every day, _？ Acould he Bdidnt ICdidnt she Dcould they解析 B考查反意疑问句。因为前面的句子有主句和从句构成，反意疑问句应该与主语保持一致，主句为I told Mum，故提取助动词 did。

22、专题十 特殊句式返回目录新题预测10_ Marxs works with Engels, and youll find many differences. AComparing BCompare CTo compare DIf you compare解析 B考查句式结构。句意：比较马克思和恩格斯的著作，你会发现很多不同。and连接两个并列句，所以and之前的句子应为祈使句，构成“祈使句and将来时的句子的结构。应选B。专题十 特殊句式返回目录备用习题1He ought to have been warned of the danger._， but he wouldnt listen to m

23、e. AYes, he ought to BSo he did CSo it was with him DSo he was解析 D考查特殊句式。“so主语助动词/系动词/情态动词表示“确实如此。根据答语后半句可知空处表示他确实被警告了，因此选D项。返回目录备用习题 2Mary, turn the heat down, _burn. OK, Mum. Athe cake will Bor the cake will Cwill the cake Dand the cake will解析 B考查特殊句式。上句句意：玛丽，把温度调低，否那么蛋糕会烤焦的。此题考查“祈使句and/or陈述句结构，根据

24、句意可知B项正确。返回目录备用习题3His suggestion made me angry, but _Amaking others happy Bto make others happyCothers happy Dhis advice others happy解析 C考查并列句的省略。补充完整为：His suggestion made me angry, but made others happy.返回目录备用习题 4It was with great excitement one morning in July _ the young man read a classified adv

25、ertisement. Awhen Bthat Cwho Dwhich解析 B考查强调句。句意：在七月的一个早上，那个年轻人兴奋地读着一条分类广告。此句中强调的是with great excitement one morning in July，它在句中作状语。强调句的一般结构为“It is/wasthat/who其他局部。应选that。返回目录备用习题5Everything, unless otherwise _， will go on as planned.Astating BstatesCto state Dstated解析 D考查省略。句意：除非另有说明，否那么一切按方案进行。unle

26、ss otherwise stated补充完整后为unless it is otherwise seated。当主句和从句的主语一致时，且从句中含有be动词时，可以把从句中的主语和be动词一起省掉，应选D项。返回目录备用习题6When asked to explain _ made his lessons so exciting, the teacher kept silent.Awhat it was that Bthat what it wasCwhat was it that Dthat what was it解析 A考查强调句型。句意：当被问起是什么让他的课如此令人兴奋时，这位老师沉默了。what it was that made his lessons so exciting是宾语从句，因此要用陈述语序。从句中含有一个强调句型，被强调局部是从句的主语what。返回目录备用习题7I telephoned him twice and I couldnt get through to