任务型阅读含解析

1、任务型阅读知识清单一、考点剖析任务型阅读是“阅读理解”的另一种形式,综合考察学生归纳归纳能力和语篇构造理解能力。其内容波及宽泛,要修业生在阅读理解的基础上,达成一项任务或解决一个问题。所以“任务型阅读”是介于阅读理解和写作之间,其任务已不一样于阅读理解中的选择题或书面表达,而是在理解文字的基础上,达成相应的图表或文字练习,进而有效地测试学生用英语“做事”的能力。依据任务种类,常有题型有以下四种:达成表格型此类任务型阅读要求我们在理解文本信息的基础上,依据资料供给的直接信息或由我们推理、提炼后的间接信息达成题目要求的任务。其阅读内容更切近学生的生活实质,任务的设置变化多样,不但有简单信息的捕获,

2、并且有阅读短文,经过对短文信息的归纳,加工办理,运用语言逻辑推理和思想能力来达成表格。回答下列问题型此类任务型阅读要求我们依据短文、表格、图片或图文联合的资料回答命题者设定的问题,所设置的任务经过事实或细节的查找就能达成,与一般阅读理解的解题方法相像,不过题目设计采纳了主观题形式,没有给出选项,需要我们从资猜中追求信息,以一个完好的句子,或者是其适合的缩略形式作答。从问题所波及的内容看,考察文本表层理解多于深层理解,其设计的问题多为五W或一般疑问句的细节性问题,而波及推理判断、文章要旨、写作企图及作者态度、感觉等的题目则少之又少。此类题型是学生失分许多的题型之一,要修业生有较扎实的语言基础和较

3、强的综合运用英语的能力。句子复原型复原短文型“阅读理解”题有两种形式:即选择句子复原短文和摆列段落复原短文。第一种形式要求考生依据短文内容,从文后所给的句子中选出适合的句子填入短文空白处。第二种形式是给出一篇200300个词的短文,要求考生依据短文内容和构造,将次序打乱的段落从头排序,有时首段或尾段的地点已给出。这类题型旨在考察考生对短文整体构造的理解能力,要求考生从短文的篇章构造的层面上掌握短文,认识其大体意思和构造,分清句子或段落之间的逻辑关系,而后复原成短文的原貌。多元综合型此类任务型阅读是上述各样题型的综合,能够给出不一样的任务让学生逐个达成。一般是在问题设计上兼备了多种种类,既有依据

4、短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型变换等,又有依据内容达成句子,达成这一题型应特别仔细,应认真地到原资猜中采集实用的信息,并且经过整理输出信息。在理解题意和文意的基础上,认真阅读后边的题目要求,依据实质状况去达成所要求的任务。二、解题步骤1.明确任务。因为题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读资猜中会要求达成不一样的任务,所以解题前要先明确任务,做到成竹在胸。2.一一对应,紧扣原文。即在原文中找出问题题干所包含的信息部分答题的正确性。假如是依据英文释义写单词的题,这样就能够迅速正确地抓住有效信息,则必定要保证所填的单词根源于原文,保证,切不可离开原文,任意发挥。3.注意读写联合。任务型阅读不单考察学

5、生阅读理解层面的能力,更为着重考察学生“写”的能力。假如写单词,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,能否需要大写;若所要达成的是短语或句子成分,则需慎重对待,依照所给题干剖析要达成的是什么句子成分,需用什么样的表达方式,不行简单轻率地将文中信息直接挪用。4.认真检查。达成任务后要从头审察资料,检查所做的答案能否复合要求,同时语言要精练正确。提分策略1.认真审题,读懂题意因为题目要求形式多样,在同一篇阅读资猜中会要求达成不一样的任务,所以解题前要先明确任务,做到成竹在胸。迅速阅读,掌握粗心在做题时要迅速审察一下文章的粗心,而后联合前面的题目的要求,大概理解所要达成的任务。细读题目,达成任务在理

6、解题意和文章意思的基础上,认真阅读后边的题目要求,在原文中找出问题题干所包括的信息部分,这样就能够迅速正确地抓住有效信息,保证答题的正确性。假如是依据英文释义写单词的题,则必定要保证所填的单词根源于原文,切不行离开原文,任意发挥。复读文章,核实任务在初步达成所要求的任务此后,学生一定再认真阅读所供给的短文,联合题意、文章和文后供给的任务信息、认真核实任务以保证答题正确。注意读写联合任务型阅读不单考察学生阅读理解层面的能力,更为着重考察学生“写”的能力。假如写单词,则要注意拼写正确,词形、词性有无变化,能否需要大写;若所要达成的是短语或句子成分,则需慎重对待,依照所给题干剖析要达成的是什么句子成

7、分,需用什么样的表达方式,不行简单轻率地将文中信息直接挪用。总之,任务型阅读理解不一样于传统的阅读理解,它介于阅读理解与写作之间,教师应当适应新课改的要求,掌握任务型阅读理解的特色,增强学生任务型阅读能力的培育。【例1】(2014江苏镇江6165)HaveyoueveraskedyourrelativesorfriendsifthereisWi-FiintheirhousesHaveyoueversearchedforWi-FiwhenyouareatrestaurantsorhotelsTheanswerswillprobablybe“Yes”.MostofuswantWi-Fieveryw

8、hereasifwecantlivewithoutit.ButwecanonlyusefreeWi-Fiinsomepublicplaces.Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing(连结)theInternetatmosttime.Herecomesapieceofgoodnews.Arich,powerfulorganizationintheUSAcalledtheMediaDevelopmentInvestmentFund(MDIF)hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing(计算)completelybygivin

9、gfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.TheywillsenduphundredsofsatellitesintolowEarthorbit(in2015.轨道)Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.Andthisisalsobecausemanycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryinfrastructure(基础设备)toacce

10、sstheweb.WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.阅读以上信息,用适合的词达成下边的表格,每空一词。ManyofuswantWi-FieverywhereasifwecantlivePresentsituationwithoutit.AccessingtheInternet1ussomemoney.MDIFhasmadeadecisiontosenduphundredsofWhatthesatellitesintolowEarthorbitin2015sothatforeverypersonorganizationwilld

11、oonEarth,therewillbefreeWi-Fi2.Only60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.3Manycountriescant4peoplewiththenecessaryinfrastructuretoaccesstheweb.WhatwecanexpectFreeWi-Fiwill5theworldinthenearfuture.【要旨粗心】本文是一篇说明文。文章叙述了当下特别流行的Wi-Fi。当你到亲戚或朋友家或在餐厅或旅馆,都免不了去找寻Wi-Fi,这些里面有的Wi-Fi是免

12、费的,而有的是收费的。令人快乐的是美国一家有实力的组织MDIF到2015年将为全世界的人们供给免费的Wi-Fi。【答案】1.costs依据文章第一段句子“Westillhavetospendsomemoneyaccessing(连结)theInternetatmosttime.”可知找寻网络花好多钱,所以填costs。2.available依据文章第二段句子“(MDIF)hasdecidedtochangetheageofonlinecomputing(计算)completelybygivingfreeWi-FitoeverypersononEarth.”可知在2015年MDIF将供给免费的W

13、i-Fi,所以说到2015年全世界将有免费的Wi-Fi能够使用的。能够利用的要available来表示。3.Reason(s)/Cause(s)依据文章第三段句子“Thisisbecausetheyhavemadeasurveyandfoundthatonly60%oftheworldspopulationhavebeenabletogetinformationontheInternet.”中的重点词because可知,这些是MDIF为人们供给免费Wi-Fi的原由。provide依据文章第三段句子“manycountriesareunabletoofferpeoplethenecessaryi

14、nfrastructure(基础设备)toaccesstheweb”中的重点词offer可知好多国家不可以够为人们供给找寻网络的基础设备。providesb.withsth.表示“为某人供给某物”。5.cover/s依据文章最后一段“WecanexpecttousefreeWi-Fieverywhereinthenearfuture.”可知在不久的未来,免费的Wi-Fi将覆盖全世界。cover意为“覆盖”。【例2】(2013山东莱芜)阅读短文,依据要求达成下边各小题。Alifecoachissomebodywhohelpsyoureachallkindsofpersonalandprofess

15、ionalgoals(目标).Eachofushastheabilitytobeourownlifecoach.Herearesometipsforyou:PayattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothersAskyourselfthefollowingquestions:HowdoyoudealwithdisagreementsWhenwasthelasttimeyoushowedyourfamilymembersthatyoucareforthemYourrelationshipswithfriends,familymembersandteachersshow

16、alotaboutwhatkindofpersonyouare.FacethefearsaboutthefutureNow,imaginethatoneofyourgoodfriendstoldyouthatheorshewasnotstrongenoughtogobacktoschool.3Weoftengivebetteradvicethanwearewillingtotakeourselves.Rememberthateventhemostsuccessfulpeoplewereprobablytoldthatwhattheywantedtodowasimpossible,butthey

17、followedtheirdreamsandsucceed.DevelopyourtalentsIfyouwanttoreachyourgoals,youwillhavetospendmoretimedevelopingthetalentsyoualreadyhave,anduncoveringanyhiddentalentsthatyouhaventdiscoveredyet.Soyoucantakeclassesinsubjectsthatyouareinterestedin,evenifyouhavenoexperience.BethankfulTakesometimetobethank

18、fulforthethingsyoudohave.Rememberpositivememories.4Thinkofthebestday(s)youhavehadinthepastmonthsoryears.Rememberspecialparties,vacationsandholidays.Appreciatethewonderfulpeopleyouhaveinyourlife.依据短文内容简要回答下列问题。WhichtipdoyouthinkinfluencesyoumostWhyshouldyoupayattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers将短文

19、中画线的句子译成汉语。3.4.请给短文拟一个适合的标题。5.【要旨粗心】本文主要讲的是我们每个人都是自己的生活导师和怎样面对办理生活中的一些问题。【答案】1.Payattentiontoyourrelationshipswithothers./Facethefearsaboutthefuture./Developyourtalents./Bethankful.Becauseyour/our/myrelationshipswithothers/friends,familymembersandteachersshowalotaboutwhatkindofpersonyou/weare/Iam.我们

20、常常给他人更好的建议,而自己却不肯接受。想想在过去的光阴里你拥有的最美好的光阴。Tobeyourownlifecoach/Beingyourownlifecoach/Howtobeyourownlifecoach/Thetips/suggestionsofbeingyourownlifecoach.专项训练Passage1(2014江苏常州)Muchmeaningcanbeconveyed(传递)withoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyescanspeak.DoyouhavesuchkindofexperienceInabusyoumaylookatastranger

21、,butnottoolong.Andifheissensingthatheisbeingstared(盯)at,hemayfeeluncomfortable.Thesameisindailylife.Ifyouarelookedatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelangrytowardothersstareatyouthatway.Eyesdospeak,rightLookingtoolongat

22、someonemayseemtobeimpoliteandevenrude.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostareattheoppositesex.Ifamanstaresatawomanformorethan10secondsandrefusestoturnhiseyesawayfromthewoman,hispurposeisobvious.Thatis,hewishestoattractherattention,tomakeherunderstandthatheisadmiringher.However,thenormaleyecontactfor

23、twopeopleduringaconversationisthatthespeakerwillonlylookatthelistenerfromtimetotime;inordertomakesurethatthelistenerispayingattentiontowhatthespeakerisspeaking,totellhimthatheisinterested.Ifaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeaking,asifhetriestocontrolyou,youwillfeeluncomfortable.Apoorliar(谎话者)usua

24、llylookstoolongatthevictim,becausehebelievesthatlookingstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.Infact,continuouseyecontactonlyhappensbetweentwolovers,whowillenjoylookingateachothergentlyforalongtime,toshowfeelingthatwordscannotexpress.Obviously,eyecontactshouldbedoneaccordingtotherelationshipbe

25、tweentwopeopleandthepropersituation.Eyescantalkinourdailylife.Alotoffeelingscanbeconveyedtootherswithoureyes.Therearealotoffactstoproveit.阅读下边短文,并依据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入适合的单词,每空一词。Youmayfeel1ifyouarestaredatformorethannecessary.Andyouwonderifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.Ifnot,youwillfeelveryangry.Whenstarin

26、gattheoppositesex:Lookingtoolongatawomanyou2meansthatyouwanttoattractherattention.Andmostoftime,continuouseyecontactisjustfortwolovers.Whenhavinga3withothers:Ifthespeakerlooksatthelistenerat4duringtheconversation,itsanormaleyecontact.Ifthespeakerisaliar,lookingstraightintheeyetoolongisntasignofhones

27、tcommunication.Soremembertolookatothersatthe5time.Ifnot,itwillmakeothersuncomfortable.Passage2(2014湖北鄂州)Everyonehastheirdream.Theygiveuscourageandconfidencetokeepusgoingthroughdifficulties.(1)Hereissomeadviceonhowtorealizeourbeautifuldreams.Nevergivingupisthekeytomakingourdreamscometrue.Wemayfailfro

28、mtimetotime,butwecanlearnfromfailure,correctourmistakesandtryagainuntilweachieveourgoals.Forthatreason,nomatterwhatdifficultieswemeet,wewontfailunlesswegiveupourhopes.Ourlifeislikealongjourneywhichisnotallroses.Itsometimeshaswindandrain.Webelieverainbowwillappearafterstorms.(2)Wewillrealizeourdreams

29、atlastifwedoourbest.Cooperationisalsonecessary.(3)Everyonelikesapersonwhoisgoodatcooperatingwithothers.(4)除此以外,在我们这个社会里,大部分困难不行能被一个人独自解决。Eachofusislikeapartofamachine.Ifonepartisntinorder,themachinecantworkwell.Itshardforapersonwhoisawayfromthesocietytohaveadeepunderstandingoftheworld.Cooperationisb

30、ecomingoneofthemostwaysforpeoplelivinginthedevelopingsociety.Asasayinggoes“Onetreedoesntmakeaforest.”Atthesametime,weshouldlearntoexamineourabilitiesbecauseithelpsusknowaboutouradvantagesanddisadvantagesaswellasgetafullcontrolofourselves.Thenwemaybeconfidentenoughtofacechallenges.Followthesuggestion

31、sabove,andourdreamsaresuretocometrue.把(1)处的句子改成复合句。把(2)处的句子改成并列句。把(3)处的句子译成汉语。把(4)处的句子译成英语。写出文章的标题。Passage3(2014江苏东台)NowstudentsEnglishhandwritinggetsworseandworse.Thatmakestheirteachersfeelworried.IsyourEnglishhandwritingbeautifulIfnot,herearefourstepsthatreallywork!UsepaperthathaslinesUsingpaperth

32、athaslinescankeepyouwritingstraightwhenyouwriteEnglishwordsorsentences.Thoselinesonthepapercanhelpyoutowritewordsintherightsize.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapitalletters(大写字母)arewrittenproperly.SlowdownIfyourwritingishardtoread,tryslowingdownalittle.Forsomekids,goingslowerma

33、kesthehandwritingclear.Ifyouwritetoofast,itshardforyoutostopwhereyoushould,andevenworse,youmaymakemoremistakes.HoldyourpencilrightWhenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingismucheasier.Somekidspress(按,压)downreallyhardwhentheywrite.Thatmakesthehandwritingnotnice.Trytorelaxyourselfanddontholdthepencil

34、sohard.Letyourwritingappearniceandclean.Ifyoudoso,peoplewillguessyouareastudentwithagoodhabit.DrawmorepicturesDrawingcanimproveyourhandwriting.Youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyourpencilbetterwhenyouaredrawingpictures.Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodrawatschool,youcanpracticebyyourselfathome.Handwritingisv

35、eryimportant.Imagineyouareaworld-famousmoviestarorawell-knownsportsplayer,whatdoyoudowhenyourfansrunuptoyouGivethemyourautographs(亲笔签名),ofcourse!阅读下边短文,依据短文内容达成表格中所缺信息,每空一词。Four1tomakeyourhandwritingbeautifulUsepaper2linesUsingpaperthathaslinescanstopyoufromwritingupor3whenyouwriteEnglishwordsorsent

36、ences.Besuretofillthelinedspacecompletely.Andmakesurethosecapitallettersarewritten4.SlowdownTryslowingdownalittle.Ifyouwritetoofast,itshardforyoutostopwhereyoushould,andyoumaymakemore5.6yourpencilright.Whenyouholdyourpencilthecorrectway,writingismuch7.Trytobe8anddontholdthepencilsohard.Drawmorepictu

37、resWhile9pictures,youneedtousetheskillstocontrolyourpencilbetter.Eventhoughyouhavenochancetodrawatschool,youcanpractice10athome.Passage4(2013广东)下边是一篇对于个人喜好的文章。请认真阅读,而后依据信息卡内容的要求填入有关信息。Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,playingtennisandwatchingTV.Butreadingismyfavoritehobby.Ilikereadingforthreere

38、asons.Firstofall,booksintroducemetoanewworld,whichiscolorfulandwithouttimeandspacelimit.Throughreading,IcangobacktoancientEgypt.IcanalsogototheUnitedStates,agreatlandIhavebeenlongingtovisit.Secondly,readingcanimprovemyselfbyshowingmeanewhorizon(见解).Inthepastfewyears,Ihavegotmostofmyknowledgefrombook

39、s.Ihavelearnedfrommanypeoplebyreadingabouttheirideasonscience,politics,lifeandsociety.Thirdly,readingcanbridgethegap(差距)betweenmydreamandmygoal.Inordertosucceedinmycareer(事业)inthefuture,Imustkeepreading,thinkingandpracticing.Readinghasbecomeapartofmylife.Duringtheday,Ispendsometimereadingbooks,newsp

40、apersandmagazines.Atnight,Icanhardlygotosleepwithoutanovelinmyhand.InformationCardWhatotherhobbiesdoesthewriterhavebesidesreading(1)Threereasonswhythewriterlikesreading(2)(3)(4)Whattoread(5)Passage5(2013江苏连云港)OperationSmilewasstartedbyadoctorandhiswife,anurse,In1982they(A)Philippines,withagroupofvol

41、unteerstohelpchildrenwhohadproblemswiththeirfaces.Thesechildrenhadholesintheirlipsorinsidetheirmouths.Itwasvery(B)difficultforthesechildrentotheeat.TheyhelpedmanychildreninthePhilippines,buttheyweresad,because(C)他们没有足够的钱tohelpallthechildren.Theydecidedtostartacharitysothattheycouldhelpthem.Theycalle

42、dOperationSmile.NowOperationSmilehelpschildren(D)morethantwentydevelopingcountriesandhascuredabouttenthousandchildren.OperationSmilehaswonmanyprizesforitsworkandin1999,anotherspecialactivitywasstarted,whichwascalled“TheWorldJourneyofHope”.Duringthisactivity,morethanfivethousandchildrenwithholesinthe

43、irfacesandlipswerecuredineighteendifferentcountriesaroundtheworld.OperationSmilealsotrainsdoctorsindevelopingcountriessothattheycancontinuetohelpchildreneven(E)theOperationSmileteamhasleftthecountry.ChildrenwithseriousproblemsarebroughttotheUSAfortreatment(治疗).(F)Allofthiscostsalot,sopleasegiveasmuc

44、haspossible.Manythanksfromthechildrenwhocansmile.在(A)和(E)空白处罚别填入适合的单词。AE分别写出画线部分(B)和(D)处的同义词或近义词。BD将画线部分(C)处翻译成汉语。C4.将画线部分(F)处改写为同义句。Allofthis.5.找出能说明本文的中心粗心的主题短语:.Passage6(2013江苏连云港二模)DoyoufindenoughtimeforlaughingImnotaskingifyouexperiencelotsofgoodtimes.Ofcourse,weshouldlaughduringthehappytimes.B

45、utdoyoualsolaughduringthedifficulttimesErmaBombeckisknownforherfunnybooks.Butshewroteoneaboutamoreserioussubject-cancer(癌症)inchildren.Thebookistitled,IWANTEDTOGROWHAIR,IWANTTOGROWUP.Ermatalkswithmanychildrenwhohavecancerandlearnsimportantlessonsfromthem.Shelearns,forexample,thatcancersurvivors(幸存者)k

46、nowhowtheyshouldsmileatlife,thoughtheyarereceivingchemotherapy(化疗).Shetellsabouttheexperienceof15-year-oldJessica.Jessicaslegwascutoffatthekneebecauseofcancer.Shewaslearningtowearaprosthesis(假肢).Jessicatoldaboutplayingsoccer.Shehittheballhardwithherfoot.Theballflewoffinonedirection(方向)whileherman-ma

47、delegflewanotherway.Thenthebravegirllayonthefloor,laughinghappily.Asthesayinggoes(正如谚语所说),“Theresatimetocryandatimetolaugh.”DoyoufindplentyoftimetolaughYoucanifyoufindreasonstolaughduringthedifficulttimes.Survivorsknowhowtolaugh.Ifyoucanlaughevenwhenyoureintrouble,youwillmakeit.Remember,laughandthew

48、holeworldlaughwithyou.Cryandyoucryalone!任务一依据短文内容回答下列问题:Whendoweusuallylaugh,duringthehappytimesorduringthedifficulttimesWhatimportantlessonsdoesErmalearnfrommanychildren任务二选择最正确答案3.WhywasJessicaslegcutoffatthekneeBecause.A.shehascancerB.shewroteabook.C.shehastroubleD.sheflewanotherway4.WhatdosurvivorsknowtododuringthedifferenttimesThey.A.knowwhytolaughB.knowhowtocryC.knowhowtolaughD.knowwhentocry任务三把短文中的黑体字部分翻译成汉语:5.参照答案与分析Passage1【要旨粗心】本文主要介绍一个人的眼睛盯着某人超出十秒钟的话,对方就会感觉不舒畅,甚至会感觉没有礼貌。假如盯着一个女性,他的目的