科技英语写作中的典型错误市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、第二十八章科技英语写作中经典错误例 1汉语原句这种新方法含有效率高、轻易调整优点。英语错句This kind of new method have the advantage of high efficiency, easy adjustment.更正后句子This new method has the advantages of high efficiency and easy adjustment.第1页例 2汉语原句本文首先讨论了这种信号特点，然后讨论了它产生。英语错句This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and

2、then its generation is described.更正后句子This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then describes its generation. 不过本句最好采取以下句型：This paper begins with the discussion on the features of this signal, followed by the description of its generation.第2页例 3汉语原句这台设备特点是操作简便、价格低廉。英语错句The feature

3、s of this device are easy in operation and low in price.更正后句子The features of this device are easy operation and low price. 不过比很好一个句型是：This device is characterized by（its）easy operation and low price.第3页例 4汉语原句我们方法与以前讨论同一问题文章中所述不一样。英语错句Our method is different from previous articles discussed the same

4、 problem.更正后句子Our method is different from those presented（或 described）in the papers available（或 published before）on （或 discussing）the same problem. 第4页例 5汉语原句只有经过对该系统性能研究，我们才能了解它优点。英语错句Only through studied the performance of the system, its advantages can be understood.更正后句子Only through the study o

5、f the performance of the system, can one（或we）understand（或appreciate）its advantages.第5页例 6汉语原句本文对提升打印速度和印字质量提供了一个计算机辅助设计伎俩。英语错句This paper provided a kind of means of computer aid design for progressing the printing speed and the printing quality.更正后句子This paper presents a CAD method for increasing th

6、e printing speed and improving the printing quality.第6页例 7汉语原句对构件承载能力做了详细分析。英语错句The detailed analysis of the ability of bearing loads of the components is given.更正后句子A detailed（或 concrete）analysis of the ability of the component to carry loads is made.第7页例 8汉语原句共有M个多边形，其顶点数均为N。英语错句There are M polygo

7、ns altogether, whose vertex number is all N.更正后句子There are M polygons altogether, each of which has N vertexes. 即使从语法角度来看，定语从句能够译成“the number of vertexes of each of which is N.” 但这种表示法不好，显得很繁琐。第8页例 9汉语原句这个方法需要准确定位，这就使得它实现含有一定难度。英语错句This method requires accurate location and this makes its realizatio

8、n have a little difficulty.更正后句子This method requires accurate location, thus making（或which makes）its realization somewhat difficult.第9页例 10汉语原句对A识别和对B确实定是使用这一方法先决条件。英语错句 The recognition of A and determining B are the prerequisite for the use of this method.更正后句子The recognition of A and the determina

9、tion of B are the prerequisites for the use of this method.第10页例 11汉语原句最终提出了实现这种方法应注意一些问题和处理方法。英语错句At last, we provided some problems that could be noted in implementing this method and solving ways.更正后句子Finally, some problems that deserve to be noted in implementing this method and their solution a

10、re presented.第11页例 12汉语原句因为缺点存在，构件疲劳寿命将大大降低。英语错句Because of the existing of the defect, the fatigue life of the components will decrease very much.更正后句子Because of（或Due to）the existence of the defect, the fatigue life of the components will be decreased（或shortened）greatly.第12页例 13汉语原句并讨论了这一方法与扫描法相比优点。

11、英语错句As compared with the scanning method, the advantages of this method has discussed also.更正后句子The advantages of this method over the scanning method have also been discussed.第13页例 14汉语原句已知常数K，就能算出C来。英语错句Giving the constant K, C can be calculated.更正后句子Given （或knowing）the constant K, one（或we）can cal

12、culate C.（或, it is possible to calculate C.）第14页例 15汉语原句这台新设计仪器质量很好。英语错句This new designed instrument is in good quality.更正后句子This newly designed instrument is good in quality.或：This newly designed instrument is of good quality.第15页例 16汉语原句锡熔点没有铅高。英语错句Tin does not have a melting point as high as lead

13、 does.更正后句子Tin does not have as high a melting point as lead does.第16页例 17汉语原句这台转动机器将在一二分钟后自动停下来。英语错句This running machine will stop of itself after one minute or two.更正后句子This running machine will stop of itself in one or two minutes（或 in a minute or two）.第17页例 18汉语原句在这种情况下，输入不会下降，输出也不会下降。英语错句In thi

14、s case, the input does not fall; the output does not fall, too.更正后句子In this case, the input does not fall, neither（或nor）does the output.第18页例 19汉语原句这个问题有待处理。英语错句This problem waits to solve.更正后句子This problem remains to be solved.第19页例 20汉语原句这个电荷与存在其它电荷相互作用。英语错句This charge interacts with other present

15、 charge.更正后句子This charge interacts with other charges present.第20页例 21汉语原句现有教科书没有提到这一点。英语错句The now existed textbooks do not make mention of this point.更正后句子The existing textbooks（或The textbooks available）have made no mention of this point.第21页例 22汉语原句x 全部值均不能满足这一方程。英语错句All values of x cant satisfy t

16、his equation.更正后句子No values of x（或None of the values of x）can satisfy this equation.第22页例 23汉语原句这个电压几乎是测不出。英语错句This voltage almost can not be measured.更正后句子This voltage can hardly be measured.第23页例 24汉语原句铜导电率比铁高。英语错句The conductivity of copper is higher than iron.更正后句子The conductivity of copper is hi

17、gher than that of iron.第24页例 25汉语原句在这个试验室中，这台仪器比其它灵敏。英语错句In this laboratory, this instrument is more sensitive than any one.更正后句子In this laboratory, this instrument is more sensitive than any other one（或 any one else）.第25页例 26汉语原句这本书序言写得很好。英语错句The preface of this book was well written.更正后句子The prefa

18、ce to this book is well written.第26页例 27汉语原句为了发射无线电波，必须产生高频振荡。英语错句Sending out radio waves, high-frequency oscillations must be generated.更正后句子To send out radio waves, it is necessary to generate high-frequency oscillations.第27页例 28汉语原句其它类型电动机也广泛用在工业上。英语错句Other types of the electric motor also are wi

19、dely use in industry.更正后句子Other types of electric motor are also widely used in industry.第28页例 29汉语原句任何学生均不会解这种特殊方程。英语错句Any student cannot solve this kind of special equation.更正后句子No student（或None of the students）can solve this special kind of equation.第29页例 30汉语原句必须了解这种材料是否能经受住这么大力。英语错句It is necess

20、ary to know if this material can stand a so large force or not.更正后句子It is necessary to know whether this material can stand so large a force or not.第30页例 31汉语原句电压是用伏特来度量。（或：电压度量单位是伏特。）英语错句Voltage is measured with volt.更正后句子Voltage is measured in volts.第31页例 32汉语原句这两位工程师正忙于设计一个新型软件。英语错句This two engin

21、eers are busy to design a type of new software.更正后句子These two engineers are busy with the design of或busy（in）designinga new type of software.第32页例 33汉语原句这种材料极难加工。英语错句This material is very difficult to be machined.更正后句子This material is very difficult to machine.第33页例 34汉语原句若把式（7）代入式（8）就得到a=b。英语错句If Eq

22、. (7) is substituted in Eq. (8), we obtain a=b.更正后句子Substituting Eq. (7) in Eq. (8), we obtain a=b. 或Substituting of Eq. (7) in Eq. (8) yields a=b.第34页例 35汉语原句声音传输速度比光慢得多。英语错句Sound travels less faster than light is.更正后句子Sound travels much less fast than light（does）.第35页例 36汉语原句这个设备有它一些独特优点。英语错句This

23、equipment has a few advantage all its own.更正后句子This equipment has a few advantages all its own.第36页例 37汉语原句我们已定义了度量m质量单位。英语错句We have defined mass unit to measure m.更正后 句子We have defined mass units with which to measure m.第37页例 38汉语原句所得结果与测量值吻合。英语错句The results obtained fit the experimental values.更正后

24、句子The results obtained agree（或 are in agreement）with the experimental values.第38页例 39汉语原句本文讨论了三维多通道稳态流场和温度场数值计算与试验。英语错句Numerical computation and experiment for the steady-state flow and temperature field in three dimensional multi-channels are discussed in this paper.更正后句子The numerical computation o

25、f and the experiment on the steady-state flow and temperature fields in three dimensional multi-channels are discussed.第39页例 40汉语原句定义了一个描述图论中一些工程问题求解算法语言(我们称之为图论算法语言)。英语错句An algorithm language（we call it the Algorithm Language for the Graph Theory）to describe the solution of some engineering problem

26、 in the graph theory is defined.更正后句子An algorithm language（which we call the Algorithm Language for the Graph Theory）for describing the solution of some engineering problems in the graph theory is defined.第40页例 41汉语原句我们轻易确定该物体重量。英语错句We are easy to determine the weight of the body.更正后句子It is easy for

27、 us to determine the weight of the body.（或 We can determine the weight of the body easily.）第41页例 42汉语原句摩擦使得输入机器功大于由机器所做有用功。英语错句Friction make the work put into a machine be greater than the useful work accomplished by it.更正后句子Friction makes the work put into a machine greater than the useful work acc

28、omplished by it.第42页例 43汉语原句瓶中空气受热后就会膨胀。英语错句On heating, the air in the bottle will be expanded.更正后句子On being heated, the air in the bottle will expand.第43页例 44汉语原句接收机许多原理也适合用于发射机。英语错句Many of principles of a receiver also apply for a transmitter.更正后句子Many of the principles of a receiver also apply to

29、 a transmitter.第44页例 45汉语原句物体越热，它辐射能量就越多。英语错句The hoter the body, the more the energy it radiates.更正后句子The hotter the body, the more energy it radiates.第45页例 46汉语原句半导体将在第二章加以讨论。英语错句Semiconductor will be discussed in the chapter 2.更正后句子Semiconductors will be discussed in Chapter 2.第46页例 47汉语原句一些元素产生放射

30、能力被称为放射性。英语错句The ability for some elements to give off radiations is referred as the radioactivity.更正后句子The ability of some elements to give off radiations is referred to as radioactivity.第47页例 48汉语原句人们经常发射各种卫星来取得相关太空信息。英语错句The various satellites are frequently launched to obtain informations about

31、space.更正后句子Various satellites are frequently launched to obtain information about space.第48页例 49汉语原句不但温度和光影响导电率，而且给半导体加杂质也会使导电率改变很大。英语错句Not only temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors will also make it to change greatly.更正后句子Not only do temper

32、ature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors will also make it change greatly.第49页例 50汉语原句直流电总是朝一个方向流动。英语错句The direct current always flow to one direction.更正后句子Direct current flows always in one direction.第50页例 51汉语原句在这里必须使用一个8伏电池。英语错句A 8-volts battery mu

33、st be used here.更正后句子An 8-volt battery must be sued here.第51页例 52汉语原句结果表明，这两种方法其实质是一致，只不过各有其应用条件。英语错句The results indicate that this two methods are consistent, they have only respective applied condition.更正后句子The results indicate that these two methods are consistent in essence, with the exception t

34、hat they have their own specific application conditions.第52页例 53汉语原句这台仪器价格很贵。英语错句The price for this instrument is expensive.更正后句子The price of this instrument is high.第53页例 54汉语原句这个设备占地方太多。英语错句This device takes too many places.更正后句子This device occupies to much space（或room）.第54页例 55汉语原句机器人是一个特殊电子设备。英语

35、错句Robot is a kind of special electronic devices.更正后句子A robot is a special kind of electronic device.第55页例 56汉语原句这六个月来他们一直在设计一个新型计算机。英语错句They have been designed a type of new computer since these six months.更正后句子They have been designing a new type of computer these six months.第56页例 57汉语原句改进后算法在位移矢量估值

36、精度上优于原算法。英语错句The improved algorithm has an advantage compared with the original one in the accuracy of the estimation of the displacement vectors.更正后句子The improved algorithm has an advantage over（或is superior to） the original one in the accuracy of the estimation of the displacement vectors.第57页例 58

37、汉语原句本文注意到该系统含有永久磁铁特点，提出一个比较简易方法，处理其磁路计算问题。英语错句This paper pays attention to having the characteristic of permanent ring magnet, and presents a kind of simpler method of solving problem of calculation for the magnetic circuit.更正后句子On the basis of the fact that this system has the property of a permane

38、nt magnet, this paper presents a simpler method of calculation for the magnetic circuit.第58页例 59汉语原句经过对平面连杆机构五类基本杆件和运动副约束性质分析，本文导出了用拓扑图论中点边关联矩阵表示拓扑变换。英语错句This paper has inferred the topology transformation which is expressed by the vertex-edge incidence matrix of topology graph from analyzing the fi

39、ve kinds of linkage and the restricted properties of kinematic pairs.更正后句子By analyzing the five basic types of linkage and the constraints of kinematic pairs, this paper has inferred the topological transformation which expressed by the vertex-edge incidence matrix of the topological graph.第59页例 60汉

40、语原句在这种情况下，二极管反向电流能够忽略不计。英语错句In this case the diode reverse current is negligible.更正后句子In this case the reverse diode current is negligible.第60页例 61汉语原句这个值似乎不能满足该方程。英语错句It appears that this value does not satisfy the equation.更正后句子It does not appear that this value satisfies the equation.第61页例 62汉语原句

41、在这个情况下，必须尽可能利用信号能量。英语错句In this case it is necessary to use the energy of signals as possibly.更正后句子In this case it is necessary to use as much energy of signals as possible.第62页例 63汉语原句滤波器齿数改变对滤波器通带性能影响比结构尺寸改变产生影响大。英语错句The variation of the filers tooth number more affects the performance of its passb

42、and compared with the variation of its dimensions.更正后句子The variation of the filters tooth number has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variation of its dimensions.第63页例 64汉语原句依据上面对该多项式分解分析，就得到了一个新奇排列。英语错句On the basis of the analysis above to the decomposition of the polyno

43、mial, a novel kind of configuration is followed.更正后句子On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the polynomial, a novel configuration results.第64页例 65汉语原句本文叙述了该系统设计思绪与结构，深入探讨了模型检验。英语错句This paper discussed designing ways and structure of the system and deeply discussed model testing.更

44、正后句子This paper discusses the design guiding for and the structure of the system, with a deep inquiry into model testing.第65页例 66汉语原句最终用计算机仿真对窗口损耗概率进行了分析。英语错句In the end, analysis of packet loss probability is presented by computer simulation.更正后句子Finally, an analysis of packet loss probability is mad

45、e by computer simulation.第66页例 67汉语原句经过与MEI方法进行对比，指出MEI方法中第三假设值得商榷。英语错句After comparison with MEI method, it is shown that the third postulate of MEI method is questionable.更正后句子A comparison with the MEI method shows that the third postulate in the MEI method is questionable（或is open to question）.第67

46、页例 68汉语原句作者现在从事于计算机视觉、图像处理和识别教学和研究工作。英语错句The author is engaged in the teaching and research of computer vision, image processing and recognition.更正后句子The author is engaged in the teaching of and the research on computer vision, image processing and recognition.第68页例 69汉语原句最终，本文给出了有待于处理几个问题。英语错句Final

47、ly, this paper presents several problems remain to be solved.更正后句子Finally, this paper presents several problems which remain to be solved.第69页例 70汉语原句假如下面两个条件中任一个成立，那么我们就得到一个新表示式。英语错句If any one of the following two conditions is held, then we have a new expression.更正后句子If either of the following two

48、 conditions holds, then we have a new expression.第70页例 71汉语原句尤其在无线电传输领域，这设备有许多优点。英语错句Specially in the field of radio transmission, there are many advantages with the device.更正后句子Especially in the field of radio transmission, the device has many advantages.第71页例 72汉语原句本文所讲内容对机械工程师来说是很感兴趣。英语错句The cont

49、ent that this paper talk about is of great interest to mechanical engineers.更正后句子What this paper described is of great interest to mechanical engineers.第72页例 73汉语原句模拟结果表明，全部这两种方案是轻易实现。英语错句The simulation result prove that all these two schemes are easy to be implemented.更正后句子The simulation results sh

50、ow that both the schemes are easy to implement.第73页例 74汉语原句同时本文导出了全部这些原因对系统性能影响定量表示式，在此基础上提出了一个改进型系统。英语错句Simultaneously, this paper derived quantitative expression of all these factors effect on the performance of the system. On the basis of it, the paper presented a kind of improved system.更正后句子Als

51、o, a quantitative expression for the effect of all these factors on the performance of the system is derived, on the basis of which an improved system is presented.第74页例 75汉语原句测量内容可分为电容、电流和电压测量。英语错句Measurements are generally divided into capacitance, current and voltage.更正后句子Measurement are generall

52、y of three groups: those made of capacitance, those made of current and those made of voltage.第75页例 76汉语原句该模型成功地解释了输出转矩随载荷改变试验曲线。英语错句The model successfully explains the experiment curves of the output torque with the load .更正后句子The model successfully explains the experimental curves of the variation

53、 of the output torque with the load.（也能够表示为 curves of the output torque against (或versus) the load）第76页例 77汉语原句这种雷达经过多个频率与多个天线可实现各向同性照射。英语错句This kind of radar isotropically radiate by employing multiple frequencies and multiple antennas.更正后句子This kind of radar can give off（或 realize）isotropic radiat

54、ion by employing（或 use of）multiple frequencies and multiple antennas.第77页例 78汉语原句在运行这种VC程序时，用户只需要输入应用问题图形，就能在计算机上直接给出问题解答。英语错句In running this VC program, the user is only required to input the graph model of his applied problem, the solution is then given on the computer screen.更正后句子In running this

55、VC program, all the user needs to do is（to）input the graph model of his or her applied problem so as to get its solution displayed on the computer screen.（注意：在句子中his之后加了or her，主要是因为the user可能是男士，也可能是女士。这种表示方法在美国人写文章或书籍中常见，这是对妇女一个尊重。）第78页例 79汉语原句在这么情况下，我们考虑把x1和x2连接起来。英语错句In this case, we consider to

56、join x1 and x2.更正后句子In this case, we consider joining x1 and x2.第79页例 80汉语原句本文介绍了用摩托罗拉企业制造MC145442单片调制解调器多址通讯一个新方法。英语错句This paper presents a new approach to realize multi-point communications with MC145442 one-chip modem which is manufactured by MOTOROLA CO.更正后句子 This paper presents a new approach t

57、o realizing multi-point communication with the MC145442 one-chip modem manufactured by MOTOROLA CO.第80页例 81汉语原句用这种算法取得结果只需要五次迭代，这比经过传统算法用250次迭代取得相同结果少得多。英语错句It takes only 5 iterations for this algorithm to get result, which is much less than 250 iterations for the traditional algorithm to get the sa

58、me result.更正后句子It takes only 5 iterations to obtain the result by using this algorithm, which are far fewer than 250 iterations required to obtain the same result by using the traditional algorithm.第81页例 82汉语原句这种新算法特点是简单而客观。英语错句The feature of this new algorithm is simple and objective.更正后句子The featu

59、res of this new algorithm are simplicity and objectivity.第82页例 83汉语原句选择哪一个非线性函数值得深入研究。英语错句It deserves to be further studies to select which nonlinear function.更正后句子It deserves to be further studied which nonlinear function should be selected.第83页例 84汉语原句利用这种传感器完成了高温测量，其测量精度好于0.1%。英语错句Using the senso

60、r of this kind, the high-temperature measurement has been achieved. The precision of the measurement is better than 0.1%.更正后句子By use of the sensor of this kind, the high temperature measurement has made, with the precision of higher than 0.1%.第84页例 85汉语原句还有其它一些原因应该仔细加以考虑，比如政策、不可预见自然灾害以及相关工厂经济效益。英语错句