2020人教版英语选修七-Unit-4-Sharing-Grammar

1、2020人教版英语选修七-Unit-4-Sharing-Grammar2020人教版英语选修七-Unit-4-Sharing-GGrammarGrammarThe Attributive Clause 一、定义： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is a lawyer. The man is a layer. The man lives next to us.The Attributive Clause 一、定义类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。起补充说明作用。若省略，

2、原句意义不受影响。修饰先行词修饰先行词 / 整个句子无逗号隔开有逗号与主句隔开有that 无that 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别作宾语时可以省略不可以省略类别意义功能形式关系代词限定性定语从句非限定性定语从句起限定 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系 二、关系代词和关系副词的作用： 1. 由who，whom，whose引导的定语从句这类定语从句中who用作主语，whom作宾语，wh

3、ose作定语指人。 This is the man who helped me. 这位是帮过我的那个人。 二、关系代词和关系副词的作用： The Doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位大夫在屋里。 Do you know the man whose name is Liu Xiang? 你认识那个叫刘翔的人吗？ The Doctor whom you are 2. which引导的定语从句 这类从句只能指物，which在从句中作主语或谓语动词或介词的宾语。 This is the book which you want. 这就

4、是你要的那本书。 The building which stands near the river is our school. 河边的那栋楼是我们学校。 2. which引导的定语从句 The room in which there is a machine is a workshop. 有机器的房间是车间。 1) whom，whose，which作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在它们之前, 也可放在从句原来的位置上, 在含有介词的动词固定词组中, 介词只能放在原来的位置上。注意！ The room in which there is This is the person whom you are

5、 looking for. 这位就是你在找的那个人。 2) 引导非限定性定语从句时，关系代词往往用which, 不用that。 I have lost my book, which I like very much. 注意！ This is the person whom 3. 由that引导的定语从句 that在定语从句中可以指人或物，在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。但不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。 The letter that I received was from my father. 我收到的那封信是我父亲写给我的。 3. 由that引导的定语从句 在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引

6、导定语从句： 1) 先行词是不定代词: all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。 All that we have to do is to practice every Day. 我们要做的就是每天练习。注意！ 在下面几种情况下必须用 2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 我所学的第一课永远也忘不了。Bear them in your mind! 2) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。Bear t 3)

7、先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 你给我的书我全读完了。 4) 先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 3) 先行词被all, any, every, eac He is the only person that I want to talk to. 他是唯一的我想跟说话的人。 5) 先行词既有人又有物时。 They talked of things and persons that they re

8、membered in the school. 他们谈论着他们能记起的那些在学校的人和事。 He is the only person t 4. 由when，where，why引导的定语从句。 I know the reason why he came late. 我知道他为什么来晚了。 This is the place where we lived for 5 years. 这就是我住过五年的地方。 4. 由when，where，why引导的定语从句。 I will never forget the Day when I met Mr. Li. 我永远也忘不了遇到李先生的那天。 先行词是表

9、示地点时，有时用where，有时用that（which）引导定语从句。这时要看从句的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词就用that (which)，否则用where。 I will never forget th This is the house where he lived last year. 这就是我去年住的房子。 This is the house that (which) he visited last year. 这就是我去年去过的房子。 This is the house where 5. 由as引导的定语从句 as可作为关系代词和关系副词来引导定语从句。 1.

10、such as “像一样的”， “像之类” the sameas “和同样的注意！ 5. 由as引导的定语从句注意！ 在这两个句型中, as是关系代词，其中such，same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句中担任主、宾、表。 This is the same thing as we are in need of. Such people as you say are short now. 在这两个句型中, as是关系代词，其中suc 2. such as such为代词，意思为 “这样的人/物”，as修饰先行词such。 This book is not

11、 such as I hope. 3. the sameas/the same that “用一个” as that都引导定语从句。意思几乎相同。但从句中省去谓语是必须用as. 2. such as She is the same age as you that you are. 4. , as “有些” 在这里，as引导非限定性定语从句，相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可互换。 He is from Beijing, as/which they know from the way he speaks. She is the same age as y三、注意事项： 关系代词和关系

12、副词在定从中的不同成分。 a. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year.三、注意事项： 关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同 b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together? c. This is the reason why he went. The reason that (which) he gave us wa

13、s quite reasonable. b. That was the time when hRead the letter about visiting Tombes home again and underline the sentences which contain restrictive attributive clauses.Answer key for Exercise 1 on Page 33:Read the letter about visiting1 so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the p

14、laces I talk about.2 The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.1 so Ive included some phot3 and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys4 first up a mountain to ridge from where we had fantastic views5 The only possessions I cou

15、ld see were one broom3 and I did visit a village w 1. I made the jar which _ _ 2. Painting is an activity that _ _.her birthday.I gave her forenjoyI really2 Complete each sentence with your own words.Suggested answers to Exercise 2 on Page 33: 1. I made the jar which _ 3. The interpreter to whom you

16、 _ is on holiday. 4. The man who_ _ is a doctor. 5. The woman whose daughter _ is over there.need to talkjust marriedmy best friend hasI went to school with 3. The interpreter to whom 6. The school where you _ has been improved. 7. Anne is doing some research on the time when her _.studied last year

17、grandmother was a child 6. The school where you _ 8. The reason why he _was that he was watching an interview of the first Chinese astronaut on TV. was late for school 8. The reason why he _1. Id like to have a friend _ _. 2. Id like to go to a place _ _.I can trustwhomthere are mountains for a holi

18、daywhere3 Answer the following questions using attributive clauses. Suggested answers to Exercise 3 on Page 33:1. Id like to have a friend 3. The story _ is Harry Potter. 4. Id like to learn to play the musical instrument _ _. 5. The reason _ _ was that I had a terrible headache.that I enjoy most wh

19、ich /which / that have sixstringswhy I didnt finish myhomework 3. The story _ 6. She is married to a person _ _. 7. I participate most often in badminton classes _. _ 8. Ill never forget the day _ _.whom she has been writing for years towhich / that our school coach holds on Tuesday. stayed in the c

20、ountrywhen we 6. She is married to a persAnswer key for Exercise 4 on Page 33:1 a large brush which has a long handle for sweeping 2 a container which is made of glass 3 a container which is made of metal4 a book which is used for studying in schoolAnswer key for Exercise 4 on P5 a structure which c

21、overs a building 6 a flat frame which is made of metal on a cooker with strong direct heat below 7 a person whose job is to make you understand what people are saying in another language 8 a plant in the garden which you dont want 5 a structure which covers a bAnswer key for Exercise 1 on Page 72:1.

22、 Alice had a arranged marriage.2. The other day the crying baby gave me a headache.Alice had a marriage which was arranged for her.The other day the baby who was crying gave me a headache.Answer key for Exercise 1 on P3. The angle of light on that fascinating photograph led to it winning first prize

23、 in a competition.4. The number of endangered animals increases year by year.5. People in need of a big loan should come to our bank.The angle of light on that photograph which was fascinating led to it winning first prize in a competition.The number of animals which are endangered increases year by year.who are in need of big loan3. The angle of light on that The few times (that) I go swimming in the new swimming pool were very disappointing because it was too cold to swim there.Dont worry about not bringing anyt