2010年考研英语真题及答案

1、(英语二)入Section IUSEof Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumbered andmarkA,B,CorDThe outbreak of swine t exico was declared a demic june11,2009.Itiswotldwideemic 1 by theWorldanizationThe heightened 2 an emergency meeting with flu experts in t (英语二)入Section IUSEof Readthefollowingtext.Ch

2、oosethebestword(s)foreachnumbered andmarkA,B,CorDThe outbreak of swine t exico was declared a demic june11,2009.Itiswotldwideemic 1 by theWorldanizationThe heightened 2 an emergency meeting with flu experts in t afterasharppiseincasesinAustralia.and 3 in Britain,japan,Chileandemic is “ 4 ”in severit

3、y. According to MargaretChan. Bur anizations general, 5 the overwhelming majorty of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and he 6 ofanymedicalTheourbreakcametogobal 7 inlafeApril2009.whenMexicanauthoritiesnotedan latge number of hospitalizations and deaths 8 healthy adults. As much ofMexico City

4、 Shut down at the height of a panic,cases began to 9 in New York City.the southwestem esandatoundthehe United es, new cases seemed to fade 10 warmer weather arrived.But in September ls reported there was 11 flu activity in almost every e tvirtually all the 12 tested are the new swine flu. Also known

5、 ,notseasonals 13 nonemillionpeople,andcausedn600deathsand6,000 Federal health 14_ Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and 15 orders from the es for the new swine flu vaccine.The new vaccine,which is from the annual flu vaccine,is 16 ahead of n three million doses to be made available i

6、n early October 2009,though most of 17 doses were of FluMist nasal spray type,which is not 18 for pregnant women,people over 50 or those breathing difficulties,heart disease or several other 19 .But it was sible to people in other high-risk groups;health care workers,people 20 infants and healthy 3.

7、Adigits Bnumbers Camounts DsumsAModeratre Bnormal Cunusual DextremeAWith Bin Cfrom 3.Adigits Bnumbers Camounts DsumsAModeratre Bnormal Cunusual DextremeAWith Bin Cfrom 6.AProgress Babsence Cpresence DfavorAReality Bphenomenon Ccincept DnoticeAOver Bfor Camong Cfillup DcoverBif Cunless sive Benormous

8、 Csignificant Dmagnificent Acategories les Cpatterns lesimparted Bimmersed Cinjected DinfectedBrelayed vedDremained15.Aplacing delivering Ctaking Dgiving16.Afeasible Creliable Dapplicable17.Aprevalent Bprincipal innovative Dinitial18.Apresented Brestricted mended D roduced19.Aproblems agonies es 20.

9、Ainvolvedin BcaringCconcerned withDwarding Section ReadingReadthe following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B,andD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40Thelongest bullruninacenturyofart-market historyendedonadramaticnotesaleofworksbyDamienHirst,“BeautifulInsideMyHea

10、dForever”,atSothebysinLondononn 70m,a recordfora15th2008 cture).All but two sold,fetching ya single artist. It was a last hurrah. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of The world art d already been losing momentum for a while after rising since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth s

11、ome $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, of Arts Economics, a research firm-double the figure five years r. Since then it may come down to $50 billion. But the market erest its size because it togethergreat wealth,enormous egos,greed, and controversy inawaymatched by ks and t followed Mr Hirsts sale

12、, spending of any sort became unfashionable,lly in New York, where the bail-out of the s coincided with the loss thousands of jobs and the l demise of many art-buying he art tmeant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell two-thirds, he most overheated sect

13、or-for contemporary art-they were downks and t followed Mr Hirsts sale, spending of any sort became unfashionable,lly in New York, where the bail-out of the s coincided with the loss thousands of jobs and the l demise of many art-buying he art tmeant collectors stayed away from galleries and saleroo

14、ms. Sales of contemporary art fell two-thirds, he most overheated sector-for contemporary art-they were down ks the worlds two biggest auction nearly he year to November 2008. Sothebys and Christies, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to nts who worksforsalewithThe current he art market is th

15、e worst since the stopped istsof1989,atstartedthemostserioushesince the second world war. This time experts t are about 40% down on peakage,thoughsomehavebeenfarmorevolatile.ButEdwardDolman,Christies Whatmakesthisslumpdifferentfromthelast,hesays,ttherearestillhehe early 1990s, erest rates were high,

16、 there was no demand even many collectors wanted to sell. Christies half of 2009 were still nthalf of 2006. Almost ho erviewed for this l report the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. threeDs-death, debt and till deliver worksof artto themarket.But

17、 ho vetosellisngaway,waitingforconfidencetoparagraph,DamienHirstssalewasreferredtoas“alastvictory”because A.the art dwitnessedaofatthehighestB.theauctioneerfinallygotthetwo D.itc l22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3),the A.collectorswerenolongeractivelyinv

18、olvedinart-market C.artcollectionasafashionhadlostitsappealtoagreatD.worksofartingeneralhadgoneoutshionsotheywerenotworth A.Salesofcontemporaryartfelldramaticallyfrom2007to to24.ThethreeDshelastparagraphareauctionhousescontemporary 25.Themostappropriatetitleforthistextcouldbe A.Fluctuation of Art Pr

19、i B.Up-to-dateArtAuctionsC.ArtMarketinerestinIwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburban Virginialivingroom auctionhousescontemporary 25.Themostappropriatetitleforthistextcouldbe A.Fluctuation of Art Pri B.Up-to-dateArtAuctionsC.ArtMarketinerestinIwasaddressingasmallgatheringinasuburban Virginialivingr

20、oom -awomensdinvited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the Toward the end of the evening I t women frequently t husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured t

21、oward his wife and Shes the talker in our family. The room o laughter; the man looked puzzled and Itstrueheexplained.WhenIcomehomefromworkI havenothingtosay.Ifshedidnttheconversationgoingwedspendthewholeeveninginsodecrystallizesthet although Americanmen tendtotalknwomen publicsituationstheyoftentalk

22、lessathome.AndthispatterniswreakinghavocwithThe pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew CatherineKohlerRiessmanreportsinhernewbookDivorcehe late 70s. tmostofthewomen erviewed-butonlyafewofthemen- gavelack ofcommunicationasthereasonfor.Giventhecurrentdivorcerateof nearly50 t amountstomilli

23、ons of casestheUnitedeseveryyear-ademiciledy own research s from women about their husbands most often focused not tangible ch as having given up the chance for a career pany a husband his ng far n their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking arrangements and errands. Instead they fo

24、cused on communication: He doesnt listen to He doesnt talk to me. I found as Hacker observed years t most wives want husbands to and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share ionoftheirIn short the t best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of mansittingatt

25、hebreakfasttableglaresatthebackofitwantingtorheldupinfrontofhisfacewhilea26.WhatismostwivesmainionoftheirTalkingtoTrusting them. D.Shsring27.Judging from the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably _B.exerting influence 28.AllTalkingtoTrusting them. D.Shsring27.Judging from

26、the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably _B.exerting influence 28.AllofthefollowingaretrueA.mentendtotalkmoreinpublictan C.women nDafemaletendstobemoretalkativeatnher29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsummarizethemianideaofthistext D.Conversationalpatternsnmanandwifeare hefollo

27、wingpartyafterthistext,theauthorwillmostprobablyon A.avividaccountofthenewbookDivorceB.adetaileddescriptionofthestereotypicalossiblereasonsforahighdivorceheDaroductiontothepoliticalscientistAndrewover the past decade, many companies erfected the art of creating automatic behaviors habits - among con

28、sumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars customerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponse to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“Therearefundamental publichealthproblems,likehandwashingwitht remain onlybecausewecantfigureouthowtochang

29、epeopleshabits,”Dr.Curtissaid.“Wewanted learnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewppenThetDr.Curtisturnedto-Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever-dreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers tcorporationscoulduseroducenewIfyou look hardenough,youll t many of theproducts weusee

30、very day - ThetDr.Curtisturnedto-Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever-dreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers tcorporationscoulduseroducenewIfyou look hardenough,youll t many of theproducts weuseevery day - chewing oisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,urifiers

31、,healthsnacks,are results of manufactured habits. colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because canny advertising and public ns, many Americans habitually give their whites-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oft

32、enwithColgate,CrestoroneoftheotherAfew decadesago,manypeopledidnt drinkwateroutsideofameal.Thenbeverage started bottling the production r-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured ls as a breath fres

33、hener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. oisturizers advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in n hair brushing and putting “Ourcceedwhenepartofdailyklypatterns,”saidCarolBerning,sychologistwhorecentlyretiredfromProcter&Gamble,thetsoldbillion of Tide, Crest and roducts last year.

34、itive habits is a huge part improvingourconsumerslives,anditsessentialtomakingnewproductsllyThroughexperimentsandobservation,lscientistslikeDr.Berninghavetthereying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this scienceofsemerged,controversieshaveeruptedwhenthetacticshave

35、beenusedto shouldbefurthershouldbechangedCareyrootedinD arebasicallyprivate *A+revealtheirimpactonBshowtheurgentneedofdaily*C+indicatetheireffectonDmanifestthesignificantroleofgood33.whichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongto 34.Fromthetexttsomeofconsumershabitsaredevelopeddueto rfectedart oflpromotions Dsc

36、ientific experiments35.theauthorsattitudetowardtheinfluenceofadvertisementonpeopleshabitsMany Americans regard the jury system as a concrete of l democratic including 34.Fromthetexttsomeofconsumershabitsaredevelopeddueto rfectedart oflpromotions Dscientific experiments35.theauthorsattitudetowardthei

37、nfluenceofadvertisementonpeopleshabitsMany Americans regard the jury system as a concrete of l democratic including the t all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy equally competent to serve on t jurors should be selected randomly from ivecrosssectionofthetnocitizenshouldbeden

38、iedtherighttoon a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national t defendants are entitled to by their peers; t verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving le of direct n erningthemselves,nelectingiveser

39、nforBut as recently as in 1986, jury selection ed with these democratic ideals. some es, for le, jury duty was limited s of edly education,andmoral character.AlthoughtheSupremeCourt of theUnitedes entional l discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. Virginia,thepracti

40、ceofselecting so-calledeliteorblue-ribbonjuriesprovidedaconvenientway around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system alsofailedtoregularlyincludewomenonjuriesuntil themid-20thcentury.served on e juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the t a majority ses made women eligible for jury duty.

41、 Even then several es automatically women from jury duty unless This practice was justified by the lly asked to have their names included on the jury t women were needed at home, and it kept iveofwomenthroughtheIn1968,theCongressoftheUnitedespassedtheJurySelectionandServiceAct,usheringinneweraofdemo

42、craticreformsforthejury.Thislawabolishedl educationalfor federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the Taylor he landmark 1975 t juries be Taylor v.Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended ive of all parts of the community to the e level. also declared sex discri

43、mination in jury Taylor he landmark 1975 t juries be Taylor v.Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended ive of all parts of the community to the e level. also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be estousethesameproceduresforselectingmaleandfemale36.FromtheprinciplesoftheUSjurytAbothlitcrat

44、eandilliteratepeoplecanserveonjuries Bdefendants are immune from trial by their peersCnoagelimitshouldbeedforjury Djudgmentshouldconsidertheopinionofthe37.Thepracticeofselectingso-calledelitejurorspriorto1968 ingidealsinjuryselectionhe1960s,womenwereseldomonthejurylistinsomeesAthey were automaticall

45、y banned by e Bthey fell far short of the required Dtheytendedtoevadepublic39.AftertheJurySelectionandServiceActwaspassed. sexdiscriminationinjuryselectionwasunconstitutionalandhadtobeeducationalrequirementsbecamelessheselectionoffederalCjurorsat the eleveloughttobeiveoftheentire esoughttoconformtot

46、hefederalcourtinreformingthejury40.indiscussingtheUSjurysystem,thetextcentersitsnatureanditscharacteristics and its problems and their solutions Dits tradition and developmentRead the following text and decide whether each of the ements is true or false. Choose T the ement is true or F it the ement

47、is not true. Mark your answers on SHEET1.(10 Both Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft. The 787 and respectively . Their clever designs and lightweight group of researchers at Stanford University , led by ites certainly make a difference . But roo , t airlines tak

48、e a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use and it would Both Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft. The 787 and respectively . Their clever designs and lightweight group of researchers at Stanford University , led by ites certainly make a difference . B

49、ut roo , t airlines take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use and it would not require them to newThe answer, says Dr Kroo s with birds . Since 1914, scientists have t birds flying formation-aV-expendlessenergy.Theairerabirdswingscurlsupwardsthe wingtips . a phenomenon known as upwas

50、h. Other birds flying in the upwash reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling themselves . Peter Lissaman, an expertwhowasformerlyatCaltechandtheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniaaformationof25birdsmightenjoyarangeincreaseoftWhen d to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different . Dr Kr

51、oo and med what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San and I as Vegas were to assemble over Utah, me an inverted V-formation ally so all could have a he most itions , and proceed to London. t the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (coupled reduction carbon-dioxi

52、deoutput).Nitrogen-oxidearoundasduringthecruisingportionsoftheflightfellThere are , of course , knots to be worked out . One consideration is safety , east perceptionof it . Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in companion? Dr Kroo s t the aircraft could be separated by several , and would

53、not sfavouredbydisplayteamsliketheRedArrowseeringoutofthemight not even see the lanes. Whether the separation involved would air-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at forCivilanisationhasincludedsibilityofformationflyinginaIt remains to be seen how weather condit

54、ions affect the air t make formation more efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes wakes will decay more quickly the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is one of the areas will investigate further. might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destination

55、s of aircraft in atwouldallowthemtogainfromformationflight.Cargoaircraft, inmightbeeasiertoreschedule,asmightroutinemilitaryAs ppens, Americas armed are on the on case already. r this year the Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to formation flight, though the pro

56、gramme has yet to begin . There are t some aircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the Second World War ,but Lissaman says they are unsubstantiated. “My father was anRAF pilot and my he ofaLancasterlostoverBerlin,”headds.Soheshould41. Findings of the Stanford University research

57、ers will promote the sales of new Boeing Airbus42.Theupwashexperiencemaysavepropellingenergyaswellas.43. FormationflightofaLancasterlostoverBerlin,”headds.Soheshould41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing Airbus42.Theupwashexperiencemaysavepropellinge

58、nergyaswellas.43. Formationflightismoreecausepassengerscannotseethe44.Thetlaysinformationsnotyetbeenclearlyt during World War , Americas armed 45. s once formationflighttosaveSection his section there is a text in English .Translate ANSWERo . Write your translation “Suatainability”e apopular word th

59、ese days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will almeaning.Havingenduredapainfulperiodofunsustainabilityinhisownlifeitclear to t sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action Ning recalls spending aconfusing he late ling insurance. Hed been though It go well. “It was a really had move ts not my ,” says Ning, dilemma about the job translated, o a lack of sales. “I was