unit5-Nelson-Mandela-grammar第五单元纳尔逊·曼德拉语法

1、GrammarUnit 5 Nelson Mandela-the Attributive Clause1. He is a Chinese basketball player _ is in NBA.which B. whom C. whose D. who Revision 2. This is our school _ we love very much. A. who B. whom C. which D. whose 3. We study in a school _ environment（环境） is very beautiful. A. that B. which C. who

2、D. whoseFind out the attributive clauses in Reading.Para.11.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.3.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.Para.24.The school where

3、I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.5. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Para.36. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.7. , until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.Para.48.

4、 They could not get the job they wanted.9. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.10. The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.11. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less impor

5、tant, or fight the government.12. We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful.“when” means “at that time”, “where” means “at that place”, “why” is used after the word “reason”. 关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when (=at/in/on /during which) where (=in/at which)why (=for which) 时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语关系副词引导定语从句

6、时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。Elias first met Mandela in 1952. He was 12 years old in 1952. Elias first met Mandela in 1952 when he was 12 years old. When did Elias first meet Mandela?And how old was he? 先行词关系副词定语从句August 8th, 2008 is the day when the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. 先行词1.August 8th,

7、 2008 is the day. 2.The 29th Olympic Games was heldin Beijing on the day. 定语从句关系副词 August 8th, 2008 is the day on which the 29th Olympic Games was heldin Beijing. I still remember the holidays when I stayed with them. when = during the holidays I still remember the holidays during which I stayed wit

8、h them.during which when小结：when在定语从句中作时间状语，只能跟在表时间（如：time, day, week, month, etc.）相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）” when = in/at/on/during + which The school was 3 kilometers away. Elias studied in the school for 2 years. The school where Elias studied for two years was 3 kilometers away. 2.How far was Elias sch

9、ool? How long did Elias study in the school? 定语从句先行词关系副词Beijing is the city _the 2008 Olympic Games was held.where Beijing is the city where the 2008 Olympic Games was held.Beijing is the city. The 2008 Olympic Games was held in the city.Beijing is the city in which the 2008 Olympic Games was held.定

10、语从句The city where our school located is called Huanggang.定语从句1.The city is called Huanggang. 2.Our school located in Huanggang .结论：where = in which: in Huanggang小结： where在定语从句中作地点状语(如：place, school, factory, room, etc.) ，相当于“介词+ 关系代词（which）”。地点 where = at/in/on+ whichBecause his family couldnt pay t

11、he school fees and the bus fare.The reason why Elias left his school was that his family couldnt pay the school fees and the bus fare.The reason why was that3.Why did Elias leave his school?关系副词先行词定语从句The reason was destroyedis that tsunami hitThe reason _ Fukushima was destroyed is that the tsunami

12、 hit it.福岛日本whyThe reason why Fukushima was destroyed is that the tsunami hit it.The reason is that the tsunami hit it. Fukushima was destroyed for the reason. for which定语从句关系副词先行词 The reason why he refused the invitation is not clear.关系副词why =for the reason定语从句先行词for which小结：Why通常跟在reason后引导定语从句,作原

13、因状语，相当于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。关系代词前介词的确定:Theyll never forget July 1st on which Hong Kong returned to its motherland.1990 is the year in which he was born.小结:根据先行词的习惯搭配The school to which I was sent was very large.Hong Kong is the city from which he comes.小结:根据定语从句中动词所需习惯搭配总结关系副词: where, when, why时间 wh

14、en = in/at/on/during which地点 where = at/in/on which原因 why = for whichEx.1. At the top of the mountain there is a small house_ we can see the beautiful scenery.2. Whos the man _ you shook hands just now?3.I will remember the time _ I first became a high school student.4.He didnt give the reason _he w

15、as late.in whichwith whomat whichfor whichPrep. +which/whoma. This is the place where he works. This is the place which (that) we visited last year.b. That was the time when he arrived. Do you still remember the days that (which) we spent together?c. This is the reason why/for which he went. The rea

16、son that (which) he gave us was quite reasonable.Make comparison先行词在定语从句中的成分不同, 引导词不同。This is the reason_ he gave me. This is the reason_ he was late.that/whichwhyThis is the factory _ my father worked. This is the factory _my father visited.that/whichwhereOctober 1st is a day _ we will never forget

17、.October 1st is a day _our new China was founded.that/whichwhenEX.1.The person _ you should write to is Mr.Ball.2.The person to _ you should write is Mr.Ball.3.The games _he competed in were swimming and shooting.4.The games in _ he competed were swimming and shooting. who/that/whomwhomwhich/thatwhi

18、ch5.October 1st,1949 is the day _we will never forget.6.Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing?7.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.8.The pen _ he is writing now was bought yesterday.with whichthat/whichwhich/thatwhose9.He is the man _ you can turn for help. 10.This is the tree under _ we used to play games.11.The farm _ we worked ten years ago isnt what is used to be.12.A biologist is a man _ has a great knowledge of biology. to