选修六 单词详解

1、 /14faithn.u信任，相信，信心；诚意，善意；宗教信仰；(某一)宗教。【Wordtransformation】adj.faithful忠实的，忠诚的；可信赖的(syn:loyal)adv.faithfully忠实地，忠诚地；准确地，如实地n.faithfulness忠实，忠诚【Briefsummary】havefaithinsb./sth.：对有信心losefaithinsb./sth.：对失去信心restorefaithinsb./sth.：对恢复信心keepfaithtosb./sth.：对守信用breakfaithtosb./sth.：对不守信用ingoodfaith：诚心诚意；

2、真诚inbadfaith：存心不良；背信弃义befaithfulto：对忠诚/忠实Faithfullyyours,*/Yoursfaithfully,*=Sincerelyyours,*/Yourssincerely,*(正式信函署名前的套语)您忠实/忠诚的*【Instantpractice】ThoughIhavefailedscoresoftimes,Istillhavegreatfaithinmyself.虽然我失败了很多次，但我仍然对自己充满信心。Ihaveimmeasurablefaithinyou;Ibelieveyouwilldowell!我对你充满信心，我相信你会干得好！Weha

3、velostfaithinthemanagerspromises.我们不再相信经理的承诺。Herfriendskindnesshasrestoredherfaithinhumannature.朋友们的善意使她恢复了对人性的信心。Youcannotexpectyourfriendstotrustyouifyoudontkeepfaithwiththem.假如你对朋友不守信义，你就不要指望他们会信任你。ABClentsomemoneytoDEFingood/badfaith.ABC出于善意/存心不良地借给些钱了DEF。Theyhandedovertheweaponsasagestureofgood

4、faith.他们交出了武器以示诚意。Wemustlearntounderstandpeopleofdifferent(religious)faiths。我们需要学会理解不同宗教信仰的人。Peoplefromall(religious)faithsarewelcome.欢迎来自各种宗教信仰的人们。Keepyourfaithandnevergiveup!坚持信念绝不放弃！Faithmovesmountains.精诚所至，金石为开。TheDukesaid,Ineveroffertothegodslesssacrificialbeasts,jadeorsilkthanareduetothem;Ikee

5、pgoodfaith.公曰：牺牲玉帛，弗敢加也，必以信。(曹刿论战)consequentlyadv.所以；因而【Wordtransformation】adj.consequentn.consequence【Usagetips】consequently在句中单独使用，相当于therefore,asaresult,asaconsequence,表示由前面所述内容造成的结果。用consequently连接具有因果关系的句子时，其格式一般是：.Consequently,.;consequently,.,andconsequently.【Briefsummary】consequenton/upon：跟随

6、发生的；由引起的inconsequenceof/asaconsequenceof=asaresultof：作为一的结果；因为一face/take/suffer/beartheconsequenceof：承担的后果ofno/littleconsequence(tosb.)=ofno/littleimportance(tosb)：无关紧要；不重要【Instantpractice】Imissedthetrainandconsequentlywaslateforwork.我没有赶上火车,结果上班迟到了。MycarbrokedownandconsequentlyIwaslate.我的汽车坏了,结果我迟到

7、了。Itwasrainingheavily;consequently,Iwaslate.天下着大雨,所以我迟到了。Thebankrefusedtohelpthecompany;consequently,itwentbankrupt.银行拒绝资助这家公司,因此该公司破产了。Thecompanywentbankrupt.Consequently,helosthisjob.公司破产,因此他失业了。Shewasabrightandeagerstudentandconsequentlydidverywellinschool.她是个聪明好学的学生,因此她学习成绩很好。aim门.目的，目标；u瞄准；v.目的

8、是,旨在；瞄准,对准；针对,对象是；力求达到,力争做到。【Wordtransformation】adj.aimless无目的的,无目标的adv.aimlesslyn.aimlessness【Briefsummary】withtheaim。八目的是；为了withoutaim=aimless：漫无目的takeaimat$匕/$坨.：把目标对准；把批评的矛头指向；针对；瞄准achieveonesaim：达到目标aimat(doing)$坨.：目的是；旨在；致力于；瞄准/对准beaimed己匕目的是；旨在aimsth.atsb.：针对；对象是aimforsth.：致力于；瞄准/对准aimtodosth

9、.：旨在做某事；立志做某事【Instantpractice】ABCwenttoLondonwiththeaimoffindingajob.ABC去伦敦是为了找工作。DEFhasahighaiminlife.他目标很高。OneofABCsaimsinlifeistobeagreatscholar.ABC的人生目标之一是成为一个伟大的学者。ABCsoneaiminlifeistoearnagreatdealofmoney.ABC唯一的人生目标就是挣很多的钱。Afteryearsofhardworking,hefinallyachievedhisaim(inlife).经过多年的努力工作，他终于实现

10、了自己的(人生)目标。Themainaimofthiscourseistoimproveyourreadingskills.Thiscourseismainlyaimedatimprovingyourreadingskills.Idesignedthecoursewiththeaimofimprovingyourreadingskills.本课程的目的是提高大家的阅读技巧。Theprogramisaimedatteenage/middleage/senior/young/child/femaleaudience.这个节目的对象是十几岁的观众。Heaimedhisgunatadeer/polic

11、eman.他把枪对准了一头鹿/一名警察。Thegovernmentisaimingata50%reductioninunemployment.Thegovernmentisaimingtoreduceunemploymentby50%.政府正在力图减少50%的事业人数。conventionaladj.（oftendisapproving）传统的，习惯的；依照惯例/遵循习俗的，墨守成规的，普通平凡的；（武器）常规的，非核的。（opp.unconventional）【Wordtransformation】n.conventionc/u习俗，惯例，常规；（文学、艺术的）传统手法，传统风格c（国家或首

12、脑见的）公约，协议，协定；（某职业、政党的）大会，集会（syn:conference）adv.conventionallyn.conventionality【Instantpractice】Sheisveryconventionalinherviews.她的观点很保守/守旧。ABCisalwaysconventionallydressed.ABC的衣着总是很传统/保守.Intheconventionalsense,thisisnotart.从传统意义上来说，这不是艺术。5.typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的(syn:representative;opp:atypical)；一贯的，平常的

13、(syn:normal;untypical)；特有的，不出所料的。【Wordtransformation】adv.typically通常，一般v.typify作为的典型，是的典范，成为的特征typen.类型，种类；典型，属于类型的，具有特征的v.分类，测定的类型；打字，打印【Briefsummary】typicalofsb./sth.：典型的，特有的【Instantpractice】ThisisatypicalexampleofImpressionistpainting.这是一幅典型的印象主义绘画。Thepictureistypicalofitskind.这幅画在同类绘画中有代表性。Thisw

14、ineistypicaloftheregion.这种酒是本地区的特产。ItistypicalofABCtotakehardjobs.ABC总是抢着干重活(抢着干重活是ABC的特点)。ItistypicalofABCtoforgetbringingherbagtoschool.ABC上学总是忘记背书包。TheweatheratthemomentisnottypicalforNovember.现在的天气不是十一月份常有的。Thetypicalweather(here)forNovemberiscoldanddry.(这里)十一月份的天气一般是寒冷而干燥。Atypicalschooldayforus

15、beginsat6:30.我们在学校的课一般从6:30开始。DEFspokewith(his)typicalenthusiasm/accent.他以其特有的热情讲话。evidentadj.清楚的，明白的，显而易见的，显然的。(syn:clear,obvious)【Wordtransformation】adv.evidently明显地，显然地(syn:clearly,obviously)；据说evidencen.根据，证明，证据v.证明，表明，作为的证据【Briefsummary】Itisevident(tosb.)that：(就某人看来)显然beevidentin/from：显然表明evide

16、nceof/for;evidencethat：证据表明inevidence：显眼，显而易见【Instantpractice】Itisevidentthatsmokingisharmfultohealth.很明显,，抽烟对健康有害。ItisevidenttomethatABCiswellpreparedforthisclass.我明显看出ABC为这节课做好了充分的准备。Ithasnowbecomeevidenttousthatamistakehasbeenmade.我们现在已经明白出了差错。Thegrowinginterestinartis（clearly）evidentinthe（increa

17、sing）numberofpeoplevisitinggalleriesandmuseums.从（日渐增加的）参观画廊和博物馆的人数可以（明显）看出人们对艺术越来越感兴趣。DEFissingingwithevidentenjoyment.DEF正在兴致勃勃地唱着歌（显然正在兴高采烈地唱歌）。DEFsanghappilyallherwayhome,evidentlyingreatjoy.DEF一路唱着欢乐的歌儿回家，欣喜之情溢于言表（显然特别开心）。Hewalkedslowlydowntheroad,evidentlyinpain.他沿着路慢慢地走着，显然很痛苦。Thisfactistooevi

18、denttorequireproof.这事实很明显,用不着证明。Hesignedhisnamewithevidentsatisfaction.他显然很满意地签了名。Theprospectbecamemoreevident.前景变得更加明朗了。Thespokesmanmadeitevidentthatnocompromisewasyetinsight.发言人表示,目前还不会妥协。adoptv.收养，领养；采用，采取（某方法、态度、举止、说话方式等）；正式通过，表决采纳（建议、政策等）；选用（名字等），移居（某国），承袭（风俗）；选定，选举（某人为候选或代表。）【Wordtransformatio

19、n】n.adoption收养，领养；采用（想法、计划、名字等）；选定，推举（候选人）adopter-adopteeadj.adopted收养的，领养的；移居的adoptive收养的，有收养关系的【Instantpractice】Manychildlesscouples（chooseto）adoptchildren.许多无子女的夫妇（选择）收养孩子。SallywasadoptedbytheWhiteswhenshewasfour.莎莉在四岁的时候被怀特夫妇收养了。（Theactofadoptioncreatedanadoptiverelationshipbetweentheparentsandt

20、hechild.TheWhitesareSallysadoptiveparents,whileSallyistheiradopteddaughter.）AftergoingtoFrance,ABCsoonadoptedtheFrenchwayoflife.ABC去法国后，很快就接受了法国的生活方式。ABCadoptedalocalaccentwhilevisitingBeijing.ABC在北京旅游的时候说的是一口京片子（采用当地口音）。DEFhasadoptedanewtechniqueinherrecentpaintings.DEF在她最近的画作中采用了一种新的技法。Theadoption

21、ofnewtechniqueensuredherleadingplaceintheartworld.对新技法的采用保证了她在艺术界的领头地位。Thefactorieshaveadoptedthelatestmoderntechnology.这几家工厂采用了现代的最新技术。ABCadoptedanairofindifference.ABC摆出一副满不在乎的样子。Themeetingadoptedaresolution.会议通过了一项议案。possessionn.u所有；具有；拥有；占有c,usuallypl.(常用复数possessions)个人财产；私人物品【Wordtransformatio

22、n】v.possess有，拥有；具有；adj.possessive占有欲强的，要求悉心关爱的；不愿分享的，有独占欲望的；表示所属关系的，所有格的(possessivepronouns物主代词)(adv.possessively;n.possessiveness)possessed着魔的n.possessor所有者，持有人(syn:owner)【Briefsummary】comeintopossessionof：获得takepossessionof：拥有；占有inpossessionof:拥有；占有inthepossessionofsb.=insb.possession:为,一所有能组成类似词组

23、的还有control和chargetakecontrolof：控制；管理incontrolof：控制；管理Linthecontrolof：由控制/管理takechargeof：负责inchargeof：负责inthechargeof：由,一负责bepossessedofsth.(formal)：具有某种品质或特征likeone/aman/awomanpossessed：着了魔似的；拼命地；猛烈地possessiveof/aboutsb./sth.：对有独占欲望的【Instantpractice】Atruefriendisthebestpossession.真诚的朋友是最宝贵的财富。Hegave

24、uppossessionofthehouse.他放弃了这房子的所有权。Shecameintopossessionofthehouse.她得到了那所房子。Thehousecameintoherpossession.那房子到了她的手里.Shetookpossessionofavastfortune/largepropertywhenshewas21.她在21岁的时候得到了一大笔财产。Sheisnowinpossessionofavastfortune.她现在拥有一大笔财产Avastfortuneisnowinthepossessionofher.Avastfortuneisnowinherposs

25、ession.有一大笔财产现在是归她所有的。IamafraidthisistheonlybookIpossess.很遗憾，这是我仅有的一本书。ABCpossessesaverygoodsenseofhumor/direction/timing/rhythm.ABC有着很好的幽默感。Shewaspossessedofexceptionalpowersofconcentration.她具有高超的专注能力。AterriblefearpossessedDEFinasudden.突然，一阵恐惧攫住了DEF。Hehasconvincedhimselfthatheispossessedbythedevil.

26、他确信自己被魔鬼附了身。Heflewoutoftheroomlikeamanpossessed.他拼命冲出房门，像着了魔似的。DEFisverypossessiveabouthistoys/car.DEF不许别人碰他的玩具。ABCcouldhardlystandherboyfriendsjealousyandpossessiveness.ABC难以忍受她男朋友的嫉妒与独占欲（霸道）。Loveisnotbeingpossessive.爱，并不是独占。superbadj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的。【Wordtransformation】adv.superbly【Briefsummary】supe

27、radj.超级的，顶好的，顶呱呱的adv.特别，格外n.警官，警长；（大楼）管理人super-（prefixinadj.adv.andn.）极，超，超级；上，上方【Instantpractice】super-rich极富有superhuman超出常人的superman超人superglue强力胶supercomputer超级计算机superstructure上层建筑superimpose使叠加superabundant过多的，过剩的asuperabundanceofenergy精力过剩superconductivity超导（电）性superconductor超导体ABCisasuperbfoo

28、tballplayer.Heplaysfootballsuperbly.ABC是一名杰出的足球运动员。他的球踢得极好。HescoredasuperbyesterdayinthematchagainstClass*.他在昨天对*班的比赛中踢入了一枚精彩绝伦的进球。Thehead-teacherwasverypleasedandtreatedhimwithasuperbmeal.班主任老师非常高兴，请他吃了一顿美味丰盛的大餐。Thehead-teacherpraisedABC:“Yourperformanceisabsolutelysuperb!Youlookedsuperbinthefootba

29、llfield!”班主任老师表扬ABC说：“你的表演绝对地精彩！你在球场上看起来棒极了！”techniquen.c技巧，技艺，工艺；u,sing技术，技能。(alsotechnic)【Wordtransformation】adj.technical技术的，技能的，工艺的；技巧的，技艺的；专业的；技术性的，诉讼程序性的adv.technically根据确切意义地，严格按照事实地；在专业上，在技巧上，在技艺上；在技术上，在技能上，在工艺上n.technicality技术性细节，诉讼程序性细节technician技师，技术员；(艺术、体育等)技巧精湛的，精于技巧者【Briefsummary】tech

30、nologyn.科技，工程技术，工艺；技术学，工艺学；技术性的机器或设备adj.technologicaladv.technologicallyn.technologist技术专家，工艺师Themeaningsof“technique”and“technology”arekindofsimilar,andtheyindeedoverlaptosomedegree.Itendtodistinguish“technique”asemphasizingskillinart,music,sport,andotherbodycrafts,while“technology”mainlyreferstosc

31、ientific,industrial,andespeciallymachinerypractice.【Instantpractice】Theartistcombinesdifferenttechniquesinthesamepainting.这位艺术家在同一幅画中融入了不同的技法。Thereareavarietyoftechniquesfordealingwithproblemsinmathematics.有许多不同的技巧可以解决数学上的问题。Inmathematics,weusevarioustechniquesofproblem-solving.在数学上，我们用许多不同的技巧来解决问题。

32、DEFstechniquehasprovedalotoverthepastseason.在过去的一个赛季里，他的技术大有长进。Heisnowagreatfootballplayerwithbrilliantanduniquetechnique.他现在是一个很棒的足球运动员，有着精湛而独特的技术。Asapianist,ABCistechnicallyaccomplished.作为一名钢琴师，ABC的指法非常娴熟。Inthe2010NationalYouthPianoCompetition,shescoredextrapointsfortechnicalcomplexityandwonthefir

33、stprize。在2010年全国少年钢琴比赛中，她以其技巧难度得到了额外加分并荣获第一名。convincev.使确信；使相信；说服。【Wordtransformation】adj.convinced深信的；确信的；坚信不移的convincing令人信服的；有说服力的（opp:unconvincing）adv.convincingly令人信服地【Briefsummary】convincesb.todosth.：说服某人做某事；使某人信服其应当做某事convincesb.ofsth./convincesb.that：使某人信服Compare：advise,persuade,convince,表示“

34、劝说”。advise表示“劝告”、“规劝”或“建议”某人应该做某事或如何做，只表示劝说的动作,而不强调结果。persuade表示通过劝说而使人愿意采纳某种意见或采取某个行动，强调已经达到了“说服”、“劝服”的结果。convince表示通过向某人陈述事实，运用推理或逻辑证明使某人“信服”、“深信”，其语气比persuade强，强调通过努力，辩论等而最终使对方“心服口服”。convince所要求的主语可以是人，也可以是事物；而advise和persuade所要求的主语必须是人,不能是事物。体会以下例句：Headvisedmetoworkhard.（他劝告我要努力学习；劝说的结果未知）Hepersu

35、adedmetoworkhard.（他劝服了我要努力学习；我采取了相应的行动）Heconvincedmetoworkhard.（他使我认识到要努力学习；我不仅采取了行动,并且从内心信服他的劝告）【Instantpractice】HehasbeentryingtoconvincemeoftheimportanceoflearningEnglish/ahealthydiet.他试图使我相信学习英语/健康饮食的重要性。Ihavemanagedtoconvincehimofthedangerofdrivingtoofast/drunkendriving.我设法使他认识到了飙车/酒后驾车的危险性。Wec

36、ouldnotconvincehimofhismistake.我们无法使他认识自己的错误。Wecouldnotconvincehimthathewaswrong.我们无法使他明白自己错了。HowcanIconvinceyouofmyhonesty/innocence?我怎样才能让你相信我是诚实/无辜的呢？Icouldntconvincehimofmyinnocence.我无法使他相信我是无辜的。IttookmelongtimetoconvinceherthatIhavealwaysbeenfaithfultoher.我用了很长时间才使她相信我当时不在那里。Yourargumentistoowe

37、aktoconvinceme.你的论述太薄弱了,说服不了我。Ittookmanyhourstoconvincethecourtofhisguilt.花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。coincidencen.(令人吃惊的)巧合，巧事；并存，同时存在；(想法、意见等)相同，符合，一致。【Wordtransformation】adj.coincident同时发生的，同一地方发生的coincidental巧合，碰巧，非计划之中adv.coincidentallyv.coincide同时发生；相同，相符，极为类似；相接，相交，同位，重叠【Briefsummary】by(sheer/pure)coinc

38、idence：纯属巧合Itis(not)acoincidencethat;=Itis(not)coincidentalthat：(不)是碰巧/偶然coincidewith：与同时发生/相交/重叠【Instantpractice】Thereisacoincidenceofouropinionsthatthelibrarianboyisreallyhandsome.我和ABC的观点一致，都认为那个图书管理员非常英俊。By(sheer)coincidence,Imetthehandsomeboywedbeendiscussingthenextday.纯属巧合，第二天我就遇到了我们一直在谈论的那个帅哥

39、。HeandIbotharrived(atthelibrary)atthesametimebypurecoincidence.我和他同时到达(图书馆)，完全碰巧。Iwasexcitedandshouted:“Whatacoincidence!Iwasntexpectingtoseeyouhere!”真巧啊！我没料到会在这儿见到你！Whatanextraordinary/remarkable/strangecoincidence(itis)!(这是)多么意外的/不同寻常的/奇怪的巧合啊！“Itisahappycoincidencethatwearrived(atthelibrary)atthes

40、ametime.”saidtheboyfriendly.很高兴我们碰巧同时到(图书馆)。WhenItoldABCaboutthecoincidence,shesaidcalmly:“Isupposeyourencountertodaywasnotentirelycoincidental.”我认为你们今天的碰面不完全是凑巧。(encounter邂逅，偶然或短暂的遇见)=Isupposeitisnotacoincidencethatyoumeettheboytoday.=Isupposeitdidnothappenbychancethatyoumeettheboytoday.(Perhapsyou

41、justdeliberatelycamethereatthattimetomeetthelibrarian.)Asyouoftengotothelibrarywhereheisalibrarian,itisnotacoincidencethatyoucanmeethimthere.我认为，你们在图书馆相遇，这并非偶然。Thereisacoincidenceofinterestsbetweenthetwopartners.两个合伙人之间的利益一致。ItispurelycoincidentalthatwebothchosetocallourpetsEmma.我俩都给自己的宠物取名叫艾玛，这完全是巧

42、合。Ouropinionsofthequestioncoincide.我们对这个问题的观点一致。Atthispointthetwopathscoincidebriefly.两条小路在这个地方有一小段合在一起。MyholidaycoincideswithABCs.我和ABC同时放假。Bycoincidence,webothdecidedtogotoGuangzhoutowatchtheAsianGamesduringtheholiday.碰巧的是，我们都决定在假期去广州看亚运。However,thedatesofourticketsdontcoincide.可惜的是，我们的门票日期不一样。(He

43、rticketisforNov.17whilemineisfor18.)ItisapitythatourtripstoGuangzhoudontcoincide.真遗憾我们不能同一时间去广州。agreatdeal许多地；大量地。可当作副词使用，类似于alot。agreatdealof许多的；大量的。可当作形容词使用，一般修饰不可数名词;做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。【Briefsummary】agreatdealof、+不可数名词+单数谓语much一，agreatmany、many1+复数名词+复数谓语anumberofalotof.复数名词+复数谓语lotsof+4plentyof不可数名词

44、+单数谓语alargeamountof+不可数名词+单数或复数谓语largeamountsofJr复数名词-、quantitiesof+JL+复数谓语L不可数名词【Instantpractice】Itmeansagreatdealtome.这对我而言非常重要/意义重大。Myfamily/Yourfriendshipmeansagreatdealtome.我的家庭/你的友情对我而言非常重要。Englishclasseshavebeengivingeverybodyagreatdealofpleasure.英语课堂给大家带来了许多乐趣。Icoughagreatdeallastnight.我昨夜咳嗽

45、得很厉害。Iamfeelingagreatdealbetternow.我现在感觉好多了。Theyspentagreatdealofmoneyonbooks.他们买书花掉了许多钱。Shespendsagreatdealoftimereading.她花大量时间读书。Ihaveheardagreatdealabouthim.我听过很多关于他的事情。Itsnowedagreatdeallastyear.去年下了好多雪。Ourlivingconditionshaveimprovedagreatdeal.我们的生活条件已经得到了很大的改善。TheBritishdrinkagreatdealoftea.英国

46、人饮大量的茶。attemptn.c/u努力；尝试，试图；（杀人的）企图；v.努力，尝试，试图。v.努力，尝试，试图。【Wordtransformation】adj.attempted(onlybeforen.)(犯罪等)未遂的【Briefsummary】试图做某事attempttodosth.、attemptat(doing)sth.%attempt(doing)sth.试图做某事makeanattempttodosth，makeno/littleattempttodosth.in(an)attempttodosth.为了做某事atthefirstattempt一次(成功或通过)(makean

47、)attemptonsth.(为超越某事物的)尝试(opp:giveupanattemptonsth.)(makean)attemptonsb./ab.slife企图刺杀【Instantpractice】DEFpassedtheexamatthefirstattempt.DEF一次性通过了这门考试。ABCattempted(topass)theexambutfailed.ABC试图通过考试，但失败了。ABCmadeseveralattemptstopasstheexambutwithoutsuccess.ABCmadeseveralunsuccessfulattemptstopasstheex

48、am.ABC屡战屡败。Afterrepeatedattempts,hefinallypassedtheexamwithaveryhighmark.经过不断的努力，他终于以很高的分数通过了考试。DEFattemptedtoanswertheteachersquestionbutfailed.DEF试图回答老师的提问，但失败了。Hesaid:“Thisismyfirstattempttoansweraquestioninclass.SorryIfailedthistime.ButIwillattempttoanswerallyourquestionsnextclass!”这是我第一次试图回答课堂提问。但我将努力回答出您下节课的所有问题！ABCmadeanattemptonMountQomolangma.这位登山运动员试图登上珠穆朗玛峰。（Tenyearsago）Hemadeanattemptontheworldrecordforclimbingmountains.他试图打破登山的世界纪录。B