同等学力申硕英语短文攻略市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

1、一、概说短文完成是同等学力申请硕士学位英语水平考试考试纲领第六版中新增加题型。短文完成是词汇、完形填空和阅读了解三种题型综合，该部分重点考查考生词汇、句法和阅读能力之外，还考查考生把握文章结构，掌握作者思绪能力。 第1页 本部分要求考生在了解短文和语言段基础上完成两项任务：一是从语言段前面方框中所设备选答案中选出一个最正确答案，分别填入各个语言段空白处，使对应语言段完整；二是从短文前34个语言段选项中，选出一个最正确答案分别填入短文对应空处。两项任务完成后，应该使短文完整。 短文完成意在测试考生在了解阅读材料基础上能综合利用词汇、语法、搭配、语段、篇章逻辑等方面知识和上下文等对语篇各层次信息进

2、行正确判断和完形处理能力。二、纲领要求第2页三、详细要求本部分共设20题，每小题1分。考试时间为20分钟。方框里是标有A、B、C、(D)序号备选项，均为单词或者词组，不是完整句子。标有A、B、C、(D)序号句子结构有空缺，需要用方框里选项来填充。文字材料有3-4个空缺，需要用标有A、B、C 、(D)句子来填充。方框内备选项数量有空缺句子数量文字材料空缺数量第3页四、关键词解读（一）两项任务1、先将单词或词组填入句子，使句子完整。2、再将句子填入短文，让短文完整。（二）新题型、大分值、送分题、大漏洞1、新题型& 大分值短文完成是新纲领修定后，出现新题型，有20道题，每小题1分，相当于3篇阅读分值

3、，是同等学力重头戏，。2、送分题&大漏洞这一题难度在整套试卷中最低，几乎没有生词，大部分人都能读懂。第4页四、关键词解读（三）综合利用1、新题型短文完成考查是将三篇不完整短文补充完整，即将几个单词先填进句子，把句子补充完整，再把句子放进段落，还原成一篇完整短文。2、这是一个将选词填空与选句填空相结合题型。3、它特点在于它综合性，考查学生词汇掌握熟练程度、句法熟练程度、语法分析能力、语义搭配能力、逻辑能力、语篇分析能力、阅读能力等综合能力。第5页五、复习准备（一）简单句法知识（参见我讲座揭开英语语义奥秘）（二）词汇、短语、搭配（三）阅读了解能力（四）语篇知识（五）大量做模拟题和真题第6页六、解题

4、技巧（一）看搭配，结构先行方框内备选项与A、B、C、D命题规律，往往在于结构要求或者固定搭配上，所以，在进行选择时，为防止太多信息干扰，确保速度和准确度，尽可能只看方框内备选项和有空缺句子关系。比如：（例句见下一张PPT）第7页解题技巧应用A. Whether we like it (56) _B. have to (57) _ acceptC. that exists (58) _ planet Earth56.考查了whether or not是固定使用方法。57.考查了have to 使用方法，后面必须接动词原形。58.考查了介词on使用方法，后面接名词。A:learn to B:on

5、C:or not第8页（二）看文章：先结构，后语义1、先结构将A、B、C、D选项填充到段落时，依然先以满足结构要求为主。分析句子结构，看看含有空格句子是否缺乏成份，该成份能够由哪些选项来充当，或者看看是否是固定搭配或者是其它结构要求，由此更加快速地进行选择。2、后语义假如结构无法判断，则开始寻找语义线索，经过上下文逻辑关系、代词指代、关键词回现等方式来确定答案。比如：第9页解题技巧应用A. Whether we like it (56) _B. have to (57) _ acceptC. that exists (58) _ planet EarthThe film shows how w

6、onderfully gentle and caring elephants are, and just how intelligent and “human” they are as well. People (59) _ that we humans are, in fact, animals. (60) _, we are still part of the whole. Every species (61) _ has a role to play. The role of humans has, on the whole, been destructive. Humans need

7、to have more respect for nature.A:learn to B:on C:or not第10页第一空缺谓语，只能选B。第二个空句子主干完整，且在逗号前，只能选A充当状语，意为“不论我们是否愿意”。第三个空位于名词之后，选择C。（三）、代入答案，通读检验确认全部答案是否符合语义，使得上下文语义通顺，逻辑关系合理。第11页七、短文完成课堂练习Text OneA.optimistic aboutB.a needC.A thirdPhrases:A.They felt 56 forB.Most were 57 the future for womenC.Less than 5

8、8of them对.乐观BACa need for 对需要第12页 In a recent survey, 55% of 3,000 Japanese women polled said they werent being treated equally with men at work, and 59 said they expected womens live to improve over the next two decades. Yet, only 26% of the women said 60 strong and organized womens movement. In a

9、similar survey of American women, a much smaller 29% believed they were treated unfairly at work, 61 , and 37% said a womens movement was needed.投票CAB被对待运动第13页Text TwoA.up toB.collectionsC.libraryPhrases:A. introduce you to your 62 facilitiesB. check out 63five booksC. houses our humanities and map6

10、4CAB工具，设施检验；结账离开；经过考评；盖章一直到；相当于；忙于，在做；由决定n. 住宅；家庭；机构；议会；某种用途建筑物vt. 覆盖；给房子住；把储备在房内vi. 住第14页Welcome to the university library. This tour will 65. First of all, the librarys collection of books, reference materials, and other resources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one66. On l

11、evel two, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. Finally, group study rooms and the multimedia center are located on level four. Undergraduate students can 67 for two weeks. Gradu

12、ate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two tomes.ACB本科生借还书处期刊区第15页Text ThreeA.to understand themB.to think aboutC.not accent eliminationD.give them the most troublePhrases:A.identify which specific areas of pronunciation 68B.give you some things69C.make i

13、t difficult for native speakers70D.focus on accent reduction,71DBAC第16页Many ESL learners are concerned about eliminating their accents, but before you run out and spend hundreds of dollars on the latest pronunciation course, let me 72.First, the main goal of any pronunciation course should be to73 ,

14、 which is virtually impossible. Rather, students should work on reducing areas of their pronunciation that affect comprehensibility, that is, areas of their accents that74. Second, with this goal in mind, students need to be able to75 . Of course, there are universal areas of pronunciation that affe

15、ct specific language groups, and reading up on these commonalities will help you.BACD非母语英语课程去除疲惫不堪实际上可了解性通用第17页八、解题技巧应用A. Whether we like it (56) _B. have to (57) _ acceptC. that exists (58) _ planet EarthThe film shows how wonderfully gentle and caring elephants are, and just how intelligent and “h

16、uman” they are as well. People (59) _ that we humans are, in fact, animals. (60) _, we are still part of the whole. Every species (61) _ has a role to play. The role of humans has, on the whole, been destructive. Humans need to have more respect for nature.A:learn to B:on C:or not第18页八、解题技巧应用A. Whet

17、her we like it (56) _C_B. have to (57) _A_ acceptC. that exists (58) _B_ planet EarthThe film shows how wonderfully gentle and caring elephants are, and just how intelligent and “human” they are as well. People (59) _B_ that we humans are, in fact, animals. (60) _A_, we are still part of the whole.

18、Every species (61) _C_ has a role to play. The role of humans has, on the whole, been destructive. Humans need to have more respect for nature.A:learn to B:on C:or not第19页A:watch B: information C: withA. associate (62) _ a 22-minute reduction in their life expectancyB. lived an average 4.8 years les

19、s than those who didnt (63) _ any televisionC. when they collected TV viewing (64) _ Sitting in front of the television may be relaxing, but spending too much time in front of the tube may take years off your life. Thats what Australian researchers found (65) _ from more than 11,000 people older tha

20、n 25 years. The study found that people who watched an average six hours of TV a day (66) _. Also, every hour of TV that participants watched after age 25 was (67) _. The more TV you watch, the less physically active you are. And the less exercise you get, the more likely you are to develop diseases

21、 such as diabetes or heart problems.第20页A:watch B: information C: withA. associate (62) _C_ a 22-minute reduction in their life expectancyB. lived an average 4.8 years less than those who didnt (63) _A_ any televisionC. when they collected TV viewing (64) _B_ Sitting in front of the television may b

22、e relaxing, but spending too much time in front of the tube may take years off your life. Thats what Australian researchers found (65) _C_ from more than 11,000 people older than 25 years. The study found that people who watched an average six hours of TV a day (66) _B_. Also, every hour of TV that

23、participants watched after age 25 was (67) _A_. The more TV you watch, the less physically active you are. And the less exercise you get, the more likely you are to develop diseases such as diabetes or heart problems.第21页A：hard economic times B：carbon accountingC:qualified workers D: large and activ

24、e students clubs A. like team projects, (68) _B. offering electives in topics like (69) _ C. (70) _ have not tempered this demandD. To meet this demand will require (71) _The demand for workers with sustainability-related job skills has been rising sharply these years. (72) _. So a growing number of

25、 graduate business programs are (73) _, corporate social responsibility and lean manufacturing techniques to reduce waste and environmental impact.The top programs will also offer a variety of learning experiences, (74) _, and hands-on field experience as well as classes in policy and environmental

26、management. Demand from students is also driving business schools to include more social and environmental topics in their curriculum, and (75) _. The economic downturn has caused some deep soul searching among this generation and they want to incorporate their desires to change the world into their

27、 careers now.第22页A：hard economic times B：carbon accountingC:qualified workers D: large and active students clubs A. like team projects, (68) _D_B. offering electives in topics like (69) _B_ C. (70) _A_ have not tempered this demandD. To meet this demand will require (71) _C_The demand for workers wi

28、th sustainability-related job skills has been rising sharply these years. (72) _D_. So a growing number of graduate business programs are (73) _B_, corporate social responsibility and lean manufacturing techniques to reduce waste and environmental impact.The top programs will also offer a variety of

29、 learning experiences, (74) _A_, and hands-on field experience as well as classes in policy and environmental management. Demand from students is also driving business schools to include more social and environmental topics in their curriculum, and (75) _C_. The economic downturn has caused some dee

30、p soul searching among this generation and they want to incorporate their desires to change the world into their careers now.第23页A:pitch in B:agenda C:recycled A. a greater demand for the (56) _ materialsB. seems to be on the (57) _C. feels moved to (58) _ and helpWe hear it a lot in the news these

31、days: “Recycled newspapers and save a tree. Collect bottles and cans so they can be reused in the manufacturing of new products. ”Protecting our delicate environment (59) _ of politicians, government leaders, and citizens in many parts of the world to show support for mother nature. The concept of g

32、reen consumerism has gained momentum more and more over the last decade, and the public (60) _. However, three essential keys needed to power this movement include a more informed public, the development of improved technology, and (61) _.第24页A:pitch in B:agenda C:recycled A. a greater demand for th

33、e (56) _C_ materialsB. seems to be on the (57) _B_C. feels moved to (58) _A_ and helpWe hear it a lot in the news these days: “Recycled newspapers save a tree. Collect bottles and cans so they can be reused in the manufacturing of new products. ”Protecting our delicate environment (59) _B_ of politi

34、cians, government leaders, and citizens in many parts of the world to show support for mother nature. The concept of green consumerism has gained momentum more and more over the last decade, and the public (60) _C_. However, three essential keys needed to power this movement include a more informed

35、public, the development of improved technology, and (61) _A_.第25页九、短文完成专题训练（一） A: evidently B:at times of B:like A. look (1) _a fool B. (2) _to a significant degreeC. the way it would (3) _ physical dangerWhy is stage fright so universal when it does not pose a physical threat?Our self-confidence an

36、d self-esteem are threatened, (4) _. No normal person wants to (5) _.Consequently, a speaking situation does involve threat, not physical but psychological. The brain instructs the body to react exactly (6) _. In essence, the brain tells the body, Get ready to fight off the danger or to run away fro

37、m it. 第26页短文完成专题训练（一） A: evidently B:at times of C:like A. look (1) _B_a fool B. (2) _A_to a significant degreeC. the way it would (3) _C_ physical dangerWhy is stage fright so universal when it does not pose a physical threat?Our self-confidence and self-esteem are threatened, (4) _A_. No normal pe

38、rson wants to (5) _A_.Consequently, a speaking situation does involve threat, not physical but psychological. The brain instructs the body to react exactly (6) _C_. In essence, the brain tells the body, Get ready to fight off the danger or to run away from it. 第27页短文完成专题训练（二） A: far B:selling C:larg

39、elyA. it is (7) _too soonB. so reports of sales are (8) _inaccurateC. (9) _everything from computer gear to income tax preparation serviceThe Internet offers, among other things, an electronic mall with scores of retailers, (10) _. As with anything on the Internet, it is highly decentralized, with n

40、o one authority keeping track of transactions, (11) _. But many of the reports are discouraging.But (12)_ to sound the death knell(丧钟)for electronic retailing. One reason, say analysts and service providers, is that consumers are only beginning to understand the possibilities of the new technology.第

41、28页短文完成专题训练（二） A: far B:selling C:largelyA. it is (7) _A_too soonB. so reports of sales are (8) _C_inaccurateC. (9) _B_everything from computer gear to income tax preparation serviceThe Internet offers, among other things, an electronic mall with scores of retailers, (10) _C_. As with anything on th

42、e Internet, it is highly decentralized, with no one authority keeping track of transactions, (11) _B_. But many of the reports are discouraging.But (12)_A_ to sound the death knell(丧钟)for electronic retailing. One reason, say analysts and service providers, is that consumers are only beginning to un

43、derstand the possibilities of the new technology.第29页短文完成专题训练（三） A: as fast as B:outscoring them C:less and less D:concentrate onA. he stumbles (13) _B. who were reading almost three times (14) _the other childrenC. still (15) _on accuracy, comprehension and vocabularyD. so he can (16) _the meaning

44、of the text A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, (17) _, reading by the phrase. With automaticity, he does not have to think about decoding the words, (18) _.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools,

45、Alan Rossman of Northwest University found automatic readers in the first grade (19) _ and scoring twice as high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and (20) _.第30页短文完成专题训练（三） A: as fast as B:outscoring them C:less and less D:concen

46、trate onA. he stumbles (13) _C_B. who were reading almost three times (14) _A_the other childrenC. still (15) _B_on accuracy, comprehension and vocabularyD. so he can (16) _D_the meaning of the text A child learns to read by sounding out the letters and decoding the words. With practice, (17) _A_, r

47、eading by the phrase. With automaticity, he does not have to think about decoding the words, (18) _D_.It can begin as early as first grade. In a recent study of children in Illinois schools, Alan Rossman of Northwest University found automatic readers in the first grade (19) _B_ and scoring twice as

48、 high on comprehension tests. At fifth grade, the automatic readers were reading twice as fast as the others, and (20) _C_.第31页短文完成专题训练（四） A:to B:scope C:withA. a large population gives more (1) _forB. (2) _feed a large populationC. could be obtained (3) _a small populationThe advantages and disadva

49、ntages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. (4)_, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than (5

50、) _. Other economists have argued that (6) _specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.第32页短文完成专题训练（四） A:To B:scope C:withA. a large population gives more (1) _B_forB. (2) _A_feed a

51、 large populationC. could be obtained (3) _C_a small populationThe advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists. It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. (4)_B_, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worked

52、 intensively. Thus, each person produces less and this means a lower average income than (5) _C_. Other economists have argued that (6)_A_ specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them

53、.第33页短文完成专题训练（五） A:likely B:conclusive C:susceptibleA. is not (7) _B_aboutB. also were (8) _C_to alcoholismC. was more (9) _A_to take upThis evidence in itself (10) _A_anything. After all, it may be the constant exposure and easy access to alcohol that cause the children of alcoholics to become alco

54、holics themselves. But there is more evidence. The study found that children born of alcoholic parents but raised by non-drinking foster parents (11) _B_. This group of offspring (12) _C_drinking than youngsters who were born of and raised by non-drinking parents.第34页短文完成专题训练(六) A:over B:only C:comp

55、letelyA.wanting (7) _to sleepB.cleaned out all her closets (8) _C.becoming so (9) _energizedSome people seem to lose all their energy and drive, (10) _. Others react in exactly the opposite way, (11) _that they cant find enough activity to burn off their excess energy. For instance, one woman said s

56、he (12) _and was ready to go next door to start on her neighbors. Both these extremes, however, eventually level off. The symptoms may be intense for two or three days, but within 10 to 14 days after quitting, most subside. The truth is that after people quit smoking, they have more energy; they gen

57、erally will need less sleep, and feel better about themselves.第35页短文完成专题训练(六) A:over B:only C:completelyA.wanting (7) _B_to sleepB.cleaned out all her closets (8) _C_C.becoming so (9) _A_energizedSome people seem to lose all their energy and drive, (10) _A_. Others react in exactly the opposite way,

58、 (11) _C_that they cant find enough activity to burn off their excess energy. For instance, one woman said she (12) _B_and was ready to go next door to start on her neighbors. Both these extremes, however, eventually level off. The symptoms may be intense for two or three days, but within 10 to 14 days after quitting, most subside. The truth is that after people quit smoking, they have more energy; they generally will need less sleep, and feel better about them