【广东广州卷】2022年中考英语全真考场模拟预测卷（解析版）

1、2022年中考英语全真考场模拟预测卷（广东广州卷）（本试卷共四大题，满分90分。考试时间100分钟。）注意事项：.答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的学校、班级、姓名，同时填写 考生号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用椽皮擦 干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上； 如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使 用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不

2、按以上要求作答的答案无效。.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、语法选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从115各题所给的A、Have you ever felt uncomfortable? Many of feel uneasy when someone stands too close _2 us, talks to us too 3 or makes eye contact with us fbr too long. But have you ever wondered why those thi

3、ngs make you uncomfortable?Its all about personal space, which means not only 4 imaginary space around the body, but also the space around all the 5 . People feel that their space is being violated（侵犯）when they meet with an unwelcome sound, smell or look. This is probably why a man on a crowded bus

4、shouting into his mobile phone or a woman next to you putting on strong perfume（香水）makes you feel 6 .7 people have had a stronger wish to protect their personal space or not in recent times is hard to say. Yet studies of airlines show that people have a strong desire（渴望）to have space to 8 . In a sur

5、vey by Trip Advisor, a travel website, people said that if they 9 pay more for some extra service, they would rather have larger seats than extra food.Although people may need their personal space, some hardly realize it. For example, people on a bus whohold newspapers 10 their faces to read in fact

6、 keep a distance from strangers.Go and watch a library table. You will notice 11 one of the comer seats will usually 12 first, because they are the farthest way. What if someone sit 13 you? Maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.Preference（偏好）for personal space are different from culture

7、to culture. Scientists have found that Americans generally prefer more personal space than people from 14 cultures. In Latin（拉丁 人的） cultures, 15 , people are more comfortable standing near each other.l.A. weB. usC. ourD. ours2.A. withB. inC. toD. at3.A. loudnessB. louderC. loudlyD. loudest4.A. aB. a

8、nC. theD./5.A. senseB. sensesC. sensingD. sensings6.A. angerB. angryC. angersD. angrily7.A. WhetherB. WhatC. ThatD. Which8.A. themB. theirC. themselvesD. they9.A. has toB. have toC. had toD. having to10.A. in the frontB. in frontC. in the front ofD. in front of1 l.A. thatB. whatC. whereD. if12.A. be

9、 takenB. be takingC. takeD. takes13.A. opposite withB. opposite toC. opposite atD. opposite fbrl4.A. anotherothersC. otherD. the others15.A. butB. howeverC. eitherD. although【答案与解析】本文主要介绍人们对于个人空间的态度，并且不同的文化对此有不同的看法。.句意：当有人站得离我们太近、说话声音太大、目光接触时间过长时，我们很多人都会感到不安。we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格；。ur我们的，形容词性物主代词；o

10、urs我们的，名词 性物主代词o 根据后文when someone stands too close.us, talks to us too.or makes eye contact with us for too long.”可知，此处表示“我们“，用于介词后使用宾格形式。故选B。.句意：当有人站得离我们太近、说话声音太大、目光接触时间过长时，我们很多人都会感到不安。with和一起：in在里；to到；at在此处构成“close to”短语，表示“离近故选C。.句意：当有人站得离我们太近、说话声音太大、目光接触时间过长时，我们很多人都会感到不安。loudness名词，响度；louder形容词比

11、较级，更大声的；loudly副词，大声地；loudest形容词最高级， 最大声的。此处用于句中修饰动词talks,所以使用副词形式。故选C。.句意：这一切都是关于个人空间，这不仅意味着身体周围的想象空间，也意味着所有感官周围的空间。a不定冠词表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词前：an不定冠词表泛指，用于元音音素开头的词前；the定 冠词表特指；/零冠词。此处特指身体周围的想象空间，与后文的“the space around all the senses”构成并 列关系，均表特指。故选C。.句意：这一切都是关于个人空间，这不仅意味着身体周围的想象空间，也意味着所有感官周围的空间。sense名词原形，感

12、觉；senses名词复数，感觉；sensing动词现在分词，感觉到；sensings错误的表达方 式。此处用于句中作宾语，sense是可数名词，此前有all修饰，所以使用名词复数形式。故选B。.句意：这可能就是为什么在拥挤的公交车上，男人对着手机大喊大叫，或者你旁边的女人喷香水，会 让你感到生气。anger名词，怒气：angry形容词，生气的；angers错误的表达方式；angrily副词，生气地。此处用于系 动词feel后作表语，所以使用形容词形式。故选B。7.句意：现在还很难说人们是否有更强烈的愿望来 保护他们的个人空间。Whether是否；What什么；That无实际含义；Which哪个

13、。此处构成，Whether.or not”结构，表示“是否故选Ao.句意：然而，对航空公司的研究表明，人们强烈希望拥有属于自己的空间。them他们，人称代词宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词；they他 们，人称代词主格。此处强调人们自己的空间，可用反身代词表示。故选C。.句意：在旅游网站Trip Advisor的一项调查中，人们表示，如果他们不得不为一些额外的服务支付更 多的钱，他们宁愿有更大的座位，而不是额外的食物。has to 一般现在时的动词三单；have to 一般现在时的动词原形；had to 一般过去时：having to现在分词 形

14、式。此处是宾语从句，时态需满足主过从必过“，根据said”可知，本句时态是一般过去时。故选C。.句意：例如，在公交车上把报纸举在面前阅读的人实际上是和陌生人保持一定距离的。in the front在前面；in front处于领先地位；in the front of在前面（内部）；in front of在前面（外部）。分析句子，此处表示“把报纸举在面前“，强调外部的“在前面故选D。.句意：你会注意到，角落的座位通常会被先坐，因为这是最远的位置。that无实际含义；what什么；where哪里；if如果，是否。此处是宾语从句，引导词在从句中无实际含 义，故选A。.句意：你会注意到，角落的座位通常会

15、被先坐，因为这是最远的位置。本句主语one of the comer seats是动作take的承受者，应使用被动语态;又因为用于will后，所以构成“will be done”结构，是一般将来时的被动语态。故选A。.句意：如果有人坐在你对面呢？根据Maybe you will pile up books as if to make a wall.“可知，是在面前做一个书墙，所以是针对对面的人， 强调对面”可用opposite to表示。故选B。.句意：科学家发现，与其他文化背景的人相比，美国人通常更喜欢私人空间。another三者及以上的另一个；others其他人；other其他的；the

16、others其余的。根据“than”可知，此处表 示“与其他文化背景的人相比“，用于句中作定语修饰其后的名词cultures。故选C。.句意：然而，在拉丁文化中，人们站在一起更舒服。but但是；however然而；either要么，或者；although尽管。前文强调人们需要个人空间，此处表示拉丁文化中的不同情况，前后构成转折关系，又因为其后有“，”，故选B。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16 25各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳 选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。16. A. handed outB. put downC. took bac

17、kD. pointed at17. A. surpriseB.sadnessC. fearD. excitement18. A. collectedB. exchangedC. markedD. selected19. A. directionB. positionC. sizeD. colour20. A. revisedB. answeredC. returnedD.read21. A. livesB. classroomsC. collegesD. studies22. A. symbolB. giftC. journeyD. lesson23. A. earnsB. developsC

18、. providesD. changes24. A. specificB. unfriendlyC. equalD. special25. A. stayB. contactC. satisfactionD. disappointment【答案】AAABDABCBD【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了教授通过让学生们做一份特殊的试卷而给学生们上了一堂生动的哲 理课：不要太关注人生的不完美，要好好享受我们所拥有的美好。16.考查动词短语辨析。句意：教授像 往常一样把考卷朝下发给学生。A. handed out分发：B. put down放下，镇压；C. took back取回；D. pointed

19、out指向。根据下文“After he gave them all out”可知，教授进教室后给学生们分发试卷。故选A。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：教授看到大家脸上惊讶的表情，就告诉他们。A.surprise惊讶；B.sadness 悲伤；C. fear害怕：D. excitement兴奋。根据上文“To everyones surprise”可知，此处是名词surprise的伺 汇复现。故选A。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：快下课的时候，教授收好所有的答卷，开始在所有学生面前逐一朗读。A. collected 收集；B. exchanged 交换；C. marked 标记；D. selected

20、挑选。根据and started reading each oneof them aloud in front of all the students”可推知老师把分发下来的试卷收了上来。故选A。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们无一例外地描述了黑点，试图解释它在纸中间的位置，等等。A. direction 方向；B. position位置;C. size尺码;D. color颜色。根据in the middle of the sheet”可知，学生都在试图 解释黑点的位置。故选瓦.考查动词词义辨析。句意：读完这一切后，教室里安静了下来，教授开始解释。A. revised复习：B. answere

21、d 回答：C. returned 返回：D.read 阅读。根据“started reading each one of them aloud”可知，此处是 信息词read的词汇复现。故选D。21考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人都关注着那个黑点，同样的事情也发生在我们的生活中。A. lives 生活；B. classrooms教室；C. colleges大学；D. studies研究。根据下文“Our life”可知，教授用这件事来 比喻生活。故选A。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝:大自然每 天都在更新，我们身边的朋友，我们赖以生存的工作，以及我

22、们每天看到的奇迹。A. symbol象征：B. gift 礼物；C. journey旅行；D. lesson课，教训。根据tocelebrate”可推知，我们的生活是一个充满关爱的礼 物。故选B。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的生命是一份充满爱和关怀的礼物，我们总是有理由庆祝:大自然每 天都在更新，我们身边的朋友，我们赖以生存的工作，以及我们每天看到的奇迹。A. earns赚得，挣得; B. develops发展；C. provides提供；D. changes改变。根据语境可知，此处表示“提供谋生手段的工作 故选Co.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注那些黑点:让我们担心的健康问

23、题、缺钱、与同 事的关系不友好、对朋友的失望等等。A. specific明确的，具体的；B. unfriendly不友好的；C. equal平 等的；D. special特殊的。根据“worry”和“lack以及the dark spots”可知此处是指与同事之间关系相处艰 难。故选B。.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们坚持只关注那些黑点:让我们担心的健康问题、缺钱、与同事 的关系不友好、对朋友的失望等等。A. stay停留；B. contact联系；C. satisfaction满足；D. disappointment 失望。根据上文描述the health problems that w

24、orry us, the lack of money, the unfriendly relationship with workmates”可知，这些都是生活中让人感到失望的事情。故选D。三、阅读（共两节，满分35分）第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从2640各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。（A）Youll need to create a password to do just about everything on the Web, such as checking your email, banking onlin

25、e, logging in WeChat and so on. And while its simpler to use a short, easy-to-remember password, this can also cause serious risks to your online safety. To protect yourself and your information, youll want to use passwords that are long, strong, and difficult for someone else to guess while still k

26、eeping them easy for you to remember.A strong password is one thats easy for you to remember but difficult for others to guess. Lets take a look at some of the most important things to think when setting a password. First, never use personal information such as your name, birthday, users name, or em

27、ail address. This type of information is often publicly available （可获得的），which makes it easier for someone to guess your password. Second, use a longer password. Your passwords should be at least six characters long or even longer. Then, dont use the same password for each account （账户）.If someone di

28、scovers your password for one account, all of your other accounts will be in danger.You can try to use numbers, symbols, and both capital and small letters. You have to avoid using words that can be found in the dictionary. Like “swimming”, it would be a weak password. So random （随机的） passwords are

29、the strongest.Instead of writing your passwords on paper like books or notebooks where someone might find them, you can use a password manager （a kind of App） to store them safely online. Password managers can remember and enter your password on different websites. That means you wont have to rememb

30、er longer passwords. So it is a good and safe way to keep your passwords. The underlined word this refers to.B. banking onlineA. checking your emailB. banking onlineC. using a short passwordD. sharing information. According to the passage,44is the strongest password.A. 20080618B. Sywi2008!C. Swimmin

31、gD. Betty!. The last paragraph is mainly about.when to store your passwordshow to set safe passwordswhen to remember passwordshow to keep passwords safely. The purpose of this passage is mainly to.encourage people to check emails and banking onlinehelp people with setting and storing safe passwordss

32、top people from using their personal information onlinetell people the differences between easy and difficult passwords【答案与解析】本文主要讲述了密码的安全问题，同时介绍了密码设置和保存的方式。.推理判断题。根据And while its simpler to use a short, easy-to-remember password, this can also cause serious risks to your online safety.”可知，虽然使用简短易记的

33、密码更简单，但这也会给你的上网安全带来 严事风险。ihis指代的是using a short pass word “使用短密码故选Co.推理判断题。根据You can try to use numbers, symbols, and both capital and small letters.random （随机的）passwords are Ihe slrongesl.可知，密码可以尝试使用数字、符号以及大写和小写字母，同时最 好是没有规律性的。结合选项可知，B选项最符合。故选B。.段落大意题。根据“So it is a good and safe way to keep your pas

34、swords.”可知，最后段主要讲述了安 全保存密码的方式，即如何安全保存密码。故选D。.推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了密码的安全问题，同时介绍了密码设置和保存的方式。故本文的目的是为了帮助人们设置和存储安全密码。故选B。(B)“You can tune a piano, but you cant tuna fish. Upon reading the sentence, youre either laughing, scratching your head or rolling your eyes. Welcome to the world of puns.A pun is a

35、 clever and humorous use of a word or phrase with two meanings, or of words with the same sound but different meanings. For example, in the first sentence, the usage of “tuna” is a pun because it sounds like “tune a”. Of course you can,t “tune a fish, but ifs a clever way of using words in an unexpe

36、cted way.People generally either love puns or hate them. They have a long history throughout many cultures of the world including ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and China. In the Western world, the English playwright William Shakespeare is probably the most well-known punster.“They can show how clever y

37、ou are. Peter McGraw, the director of the Humor Research Lab at the University, of Colorado in the US said. It depends on a persons ability to understand the complexities and small differences of words because puns are a tool to put more meanings into fewer words.”Puns are used widely throughout pop

38、ular culture on TV, ad campaigns and marketing. For example, walk down any British shopping street and you will find shops with interesting names, such as a weight-loss centre called Stop Weighting”, the butchers called Meat You Here and a fish and chips shop called The Plaice to Enjoy”.You can try

39、writing your own puns, but remember, dont write with a broken pencil because its pointless. A pun is a form that.A. uses words in a clever and surprising wayB. puts words with the samemeaning togetherC. changes the meanings of the words or phrases D. shows the relationship between pianos and fish. F

40、rom Peter McGraws words, we can learn that.A. there are just a few words in one pun B. puns are a tool to know meanings of wordsC. differences between two puns are hard to tell D. understanding puns requires intelligent readers. The underlined word “Plaice“ in the passage refers to.A.a special day t

41、o get togetherB.a great place to buy toysC.a type of sea fish used for foodD.a TV programme to learn cooking. What is the writing purpose of this passage?A.To tell the importance of puns.B.To share some facts about puns.C.To give some examples of puns.D.To introduce the history of puns.30. A 31. D 3

42、2. C 33. B【解析】本文主要介绍了什么是双关语，它是如何起作用的以及它的应用情况。.细节理解题。根据“A pun is a clever and humorous use of a word or phrase with two meanings, or of words with the same sound but different meanings.“可知双关语是一种以一-种聪明和令人惊讶的方式使用单词的 形式。故选A。.细节理解题。根据Peter McGraw的话“They can show how clever you are.”可知理解双关语需要聪明 的读者。故选Do 3

43、2.词义猜测题。根据“a fish and chips shop called fcThe Plaice to Enjoy，”可知此处是一 家炸鱼薯条店，由此推出“Plaice”应是用作食物的一种海鱼。故选C。.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了什么是双关语，它是如何起作用的以及它的应用情况。写作目的是分 享一些关于双关语的事实。故选B。(C)Build a modelTest the designSteps in the Design ProcessBuild a model to test your ideas. AInventors test their designIdentify (设定)a

44、 problemmodel helps you understand howby asking questions.The first step in the design process isyour solution works.Doesthe invention do whatto set a problem.the invention do whatSuppose your pets toy is behind a big piece of furniture. Its too heavy to move, and you cant reach.Youve just identifie

45、d a problem. You need to get the toy back.Youcould use a long set of tongs to pick upthe object.Propose a solutionThe next step is to think of possible solutions. Solutions are ideas to solve the problem. What are some ideas that could help solve your problem? Pickcould put something sticky at the e

46、nd of a meter stick and try to get the objectcould use a meter stick with a magnet on a string to attract theit was designed to do? Why? Why not?A smart inventor also asks others to test the invention and then listens to them. If the invention does not work, the inventor would have to revise Suppose

47、 your pets toy is behind a big piece of furniture. Its too heavy to move, and you cant reach.Youve just identified a problem. You need to get the toy back.Youcould use a long set of tongs to pick upthe object.Propose a solutionThe next step is to think of possible solutions. Solutions are ideas to s

48、olve the problem. What are some ideas that could help solve your problem? Pickcould put something sticky at the end of a meter stick and try to get the objectcould use a meter stick with a magnet on a string to attract theit was designed to do? Why? Why not?A smart inventor also asks others to test

49、the invention and then listens to them. If the invention does not work, the inventor would have to revise （修改）it until he is satisfied.Explain the designFinally you communicate how you solve the problem. Communication can be like a show and tell. You can also use group discussions, written reports,

50、and pictures.If youve made a product you want to sell, you name it and advertise it.If youve made a product you want to sell, you name it and advertise it.daily newspaperD. science magazinedaily newspaperD. science magazineWhat problem are the three solutions designed to solve?To get something you c

51、ant reach.To make it easier to drop litter into the bin.To attract the long metre stick.To play a trick on your favourite pet.Which of the following shows the correct order of the steps between Identify a problem and Explain thedesign in the box?design in the box?【答案与解析】本文主要说明了如何进行一项设计，具体可以通过：设定问题、提

52、出方案、建立模型、 测试设计、解释设计来进行。34.推理判断题。根据文中“your pets toy”可知，这是来自于学生或小孩的 文章中的，结合选项可知，“students，book”符合题意。故选B。推理判断题。根据文中“Solutions are ideas to solve the problem. What are some ideas that could help solve your problem? . Are there any risks?”可知，解决方案的提出是为了解决问题，B和C只是一种过程 性的动作，所以排除；D项不是为了解决问题，也应该排除；A项“得到够不到的东西

53、”，是为了解决问 题，符合题意。故选A。排列顺序题。根据文章大意可知，进行一项设计，具体可以通过：设定问题、提出方案、建立模型、测试设计、解释设计来进行；根据文中invention does not work, the inventor would have to revise （修 改）it until he is satisfied.”可知，如果发明没有效果，发明人将不得不修改直到他满意为止，这里修改的 是模型。故选D。（D）A new research published in Nature Machine Intelligence suggests that teachingmater

54、ials science, mechanical engineering, computer science, biology and chemistry as a combined discipline（综合学科）could help students develop the skills they need to create lifelike artificially intelligent（AI） robots as researchers.Known as Physical AI, these robots will be designed to look and behave li

55、ke humans or other animals. At the same time, they will own intelligence（智力）normally connected with biological organisms（生物有机体）. These robots could in future help humans at work and in daily living, performing tasks that are dangerous fbr humans and helping with medicine, caregiving, security, build

56、ing and industry.However, todays robots and biological beings exist separately and the intelligence of the two have not yet been combined. Co-lead author Professor Mirko Kovac said, “The development of robot bodies has greatly fallen behind the development of robot brains. Unlike digital AI, which h

57、as been studied deeply in the last few decades, breathing physical intelligence into robots has remained relatively unexplored.The researchers say that the reason fbr this gap might be that no systematic educational method has yet been developed fbr teaching students and researchers to create robot

58、bodies and brains combined as whole units.This new research suggests a way of overcoming the gap by combining scientific disciplines to help future researchers create lifelike robots with abilities such as developing bodily control, autonomy and sensing at the same time.Professor Kovac said, “We pic

59、ture Physical AI robots being developed in the lab by using unusual materials and research methods. Cross-disciplinary cooperation and partnerships will be very important.The researchers also advise strengthening research activities in Physical AI by supporting teachers on both the institutional and

60、 community level. They suggest hiring and supporting university educators whose priority（重点）will be cross-disciplinary Physical AI research. 44Creating lifelike robots has been an impossible task so far, but it could be made possible by including Physical AI in the high education system, Kovac said.