定语从句中关系词的成分2-完整精讲版课件

1、WELCOME that whichwhowhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy定语 指句子 宾语主语 状语 非限指人 指物 限制性和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号与 主句隔开用逗号与主句隔开 意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上译成先行词的定语“的” 通常译成主句 的并列句。 关系代词的使用上作宾语可以省略B. 可用that C. 可用who 代替whomA.不可省略B.不用thatC.不可用who 代替 whom 限制性定语从句举例： A) The

2、 teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. B) China is a country which has a long history. 非限制性定语从句举例 A) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. B) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. C) Last summer I visited the Peoples G

3、reat Hall, in which many important meetings are held every year. 注意区分下列句子的不同含义： Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college. Her brother, who is now a soldier, always encourages her to go to college. 她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（意含： 她还有其他哥哥。）她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。 （意含： 她只有一个哥哥。）（一）限制性定语从

4、句中只能用that 引导的情况 1. 当先行词是 everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, 等代 词时或当先行词受every, any, all, no, little, few, much 等代词修饰时。A) There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.B) All that can be done has been done. C) There is little that I can do for you.

5、 D) He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed. 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如： This is the best film that I have ever seen. 4当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。如： A) This is the very dictionary that I want to bu

6、y. B) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 注意: 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系词who。 Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时，关系代词 要用that或省略。 He is no longer the man（that）he was when we knew him at first. 他现在不在是我们最初认识他时的那个人了。 Beijing

7、 is no longer the city (that) it used to be. 北京再也不是是过去的北京了。 6.当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。 Who is the man that is standing by the gate? Which is the T- shirt that fits me most? 7当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。如： A) They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school B) Look at the man and his dod th

8、at are walking up the street.（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句 as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时, 其 用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。 具体情况是： as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前, 主句之后, 甚至还可以分割主句。which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外, as常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如： A) As is known to all, China is a developing country. B) He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.

9、 C) John, as you know, is a famous writer. D) Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I dont believe. 注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果 关系时，关系词往往只用which。如： A) Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry. B) These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy.

10、3. 当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词 常用as。 A) Ive never heard such stories as he tells. B) This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore. 注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意思有区别。如：她穿

11、着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的连衣裙。(三) 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句 通常由in which或that引导, 而且通常 可以省略。如： A) The way (that / in which / ) he answered the questions was surprising. B) I dont like the way (that / in which ) you laugh at her. Practice Makes Perfect1. This is the best book _Ive ever read. A. that B.

12、 which C. when D. who that2. We talked about the things and persons _ we saw then.that3. This is all _ the teacher told us in class. that4. Ill do everything _ I can to help you.that5. This is the only thing _I want to see now. AitBasCthatDwhat 7. This is much _ I can do for you.that6. I dont know anything _ happened to him.thatthat9. Yesterday I bought the same pen _ you have. A. that B. which C. as D. whose as8. _is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. AItBAsCThatDWhat As10. What have you done to me? I dont have such a friend _ you.as12. He f