高一必修4unit2workingtheland-完整精讲版课件

1、Unit 2 Working the landUnit 2 Working the land Warming up and reading1Have you ever been to the countryside? what did you do there?Warming up I ( 5ms )Answer the following questions: Farming Are you from a farmers family? what do you know about farming?soilploughing cropsweather &climateIrrigating(灌

2、溉)Agriculture in the pastAgriculture in the modern timesPre-reading ( 4ms )Answer the following questions:What is the main food in all East Asian and Southeast Asian countries?Rice. It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice every day throughout the world. What do you think would happe

3、n if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?If that happened, people there would suffer from starvation. People would be panic(惊慌) and the whole country would get into trouble. 袁隆平被誉为中国的“杂交水稻之父”. 中国农民说，吃饭靠“两平”，一靠邓小平制定了生产承包责任制的政策，二靠袁隆平发明了杂交稻。 袁隆平，男，年月出生于北京，年毕业于西南农学院农学系。毕业后，一直从事农业教育及杂交水稻研究。 在中国人民正

4、闹饥荒的20世纪60年代，袁隆平提出了杂交水稻的概念，这种新型水稻具有高产量的特点。10年后，他研制成功了一种产量比一般水稻高出20%的新型水稻。袁隆平一生献身于农业研究，先后受到联合国教科文组织、粮农组织的称誉。袁隆平虽已年届岁，仍然一如既往地从事农业研究。袁隆平人物简历hybrid rice;System of Production Responsibility;institute;suffer the famine;Yield;UNESCO, FAO.Take a break!Take a break Listen to the tape and answer the following

5、 questions:1.What does Dr Yuan look like?2.Whats his achievement?3.What do you think of him?1.What does Dr Yuan look like?He has a sunburnt face and arms and a slim, strong body. He is more like a farmer than a scientist.2.Whats his achievement?He grows what is called super hybrid rice, which makes

6、it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Using his hybrid rice farmers producing harvests twice as large as before.3.What do you think of him?He doesnt like money because he gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. He doesnt like fame too

7、 though he has made great contributions to the world. Hes really respectable.Why did Dr Yuan want to increase the rice output when he was young?How does he help rid the world of hunger?What kind of life is Dr Yuan leading?Use a few words to describe Dr Yuans personality.Second ReadingReading ( 8ms )

8、Read the text and answer the following questions:Why did Dr Yuan want to increase the rice output when he was young? Dr Yuan wanted to increase the rice output because he saw many people go hungry when he was young.2. How does he help rid the world of hunger? He helps the world get rid of hunger by

9、producing a hybrid strain of rice which increase the harvest.3. What kind of life is Dr Yuan leading? Dr Yuan is leading a simple life, doing his research, listening to his music and riding his motor-bike.4. Use a few words to describe Dr Yuans personality. Dr Yuan is a simple, academic man who is m

10、ore interested in helping others than being famous.Detail reading ( 8ms ) Please write down the smaller heading giving a little more information according to the large headings as follows:A pioneer for all peopleHe wants everyone to call him a farmer.His biography.His personality. His dreams.Large h

11、eadingsHe wants everyone to call him a farmer.His biography.His personality. His dreams.He wants everyone to call him a farmer.A scientist works the land.Sunburnt face and arms, slim ,strong body.Grow hybrid rice.The first agricultural pioneer.His biography.In 1931, he was born.In 1953, he graduated

12、 and devoted his life to finding ways to grow rice.Last year,twenty billion tons of rice was produced. Now, Dr Yuan is circulating his kownledge.His personalityHe is satisfied with his life.Why is he satisfied with his life?Because he doesnt like money and fame.The first dream.The second dream.His d

13、reamsDo you want to end the famine(饥荒)in the world ?If you had the chance to do something to help end hunger in the world, what would you do ?Discussion ( 8ms )The measures taken to deal with hungerInvent a new kind of plant to produce more food.Find a sort of fertilizer(肥料)to give rice enough nutri

14、tion.Stop the pollution to the environment and protect the soil in the field.Assignment Surf the Internet to find more information about farming and you are expected to present it to your classmates in the next class.Take a break!Language points for reading 1If so=If you have ever grown some plants.

15、so 表示“象那样的，如前所说的”，用于代替已陈述的事。如：can you pass the exam?I hope so.2.Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁博士种植了被人称作超级杂交水稻的稻谷。e.g. I dont quite understand what you are explaining. Please watch what I am doing carefully.What =the thing(s) that_the emperor saw was quite different from_ the old mi

16、nister told him.A. What, that B. That, whatC. Which, that D. All, all 2. It is pretty well understood _controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A. that B. when C. what D. how 3. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same

17、 fields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。it 在句中作形式宾语，真正的宾语为to produce, 结构为：动词（make, feel, think, regard）+it +adj+ to do.e.g. We think it important to learn English well.4.Born in a poor farmers family in 1931,Dr. Yuan graduate from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953. 袁博士1931年出身于一个贫苦农民的家庭，1953年毕业于西南农学院。 g

18、raduate n. a person who has completed a university degree course. 毕业生undergraduate 本科毕业生post-graduate 硕士毕业生，研究生graduate vi. complete an educational course. 常跟介词from，表示“毕业于”graduation n. 毕业e.g. After his graduation from college, he went to work as an engineer in a company.=After he graduated from col

19、lege, he went to work as an engineer in a company.Supplement :bachelors degree 学士学位masters degree 硕士学位doctors degree 博士学位5.Since then, he has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice. 从那以后，他就把毕生精力投入到水稻高产的研究中。devote oneself to+ n/doing 献身于，致力于注意：to 为介词，后面接v-ing.类似的短语还有look forward

20、to, listen to, get to, reply to, apologize to, belong to, agree to等等. 6. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvest without expanding the area of fields.袁博士寻求一种在不扩大种植面积的情况下提高水稻产量的方法。注意：search强调搜查，一般表示目标明确范围较小。search sb 搜身；search spl 搜查某地search for 强调寻找，一般表示范围较大。search for sb 寻找某人e.g. The po

21、lice searched the woods for the lost child.警察在树林里寻找失踪的小孩。Scientists are still searching for a cure to the common cold.科学家们仍然在寻找普通感冒的治疗方法。search/search for/in search of1.The officer went up _the murder.2.The thieves are _the hidden treasure in the museum.3.Birds fly to the south _the winter sunshine.

22、to search searching for in search of7.Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger.由于他的研究，联合国正在努力清除世界饥饿。thanks to=because of ;owing to e.g._, we won the game.由于你的支持，我们赢得了比赛。Thanks to your support8.Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他

23、的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出比以前多一倍的粮食。倍数词（twice/half/three times/a quarter etc.）+as + 形容词原级 +as 表示“是的多少倍e.g. The number of the students in our school is _ in their school.我们学校学生的数量是他们学校的两倍。twice as large as that9. However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.但是他很少想到要把钱

24、花在自己的身上，或享受舒适的生活。lead a life 过生活。英语中少数动词，包括一些不及物动词的宾语可能是与它同源的名词类似的短语动词有：die a death, smile a smile, dream a dream, live a life, sigh a sigh etc.care (little/much) aboutbe concerned about 关心，介意，后面跟从句时候，about常省略。care forlook after 照料； like or want 想要，喜欢e.g. Albert Einstein didnt care much about what t

25、o wear. Would you help to care for my pet while I am away?10. Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist.与其说袁博士是一个科学家不如说他是一个农民。be more than=not only 不仅仅，超过e.g. Learning is more than reading.be more +A +than +B 与其说是B还倒不如说是Ae.g. He is more an ordinary person than a leader.Remember to review the knowled

26、ge! See you next time!Take a break!Learn about languageLearning about languageChecking answer I ( 3ms )Answer keys for Ex.1 on Page 11:Alternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textdarkened skin need for foodmake something become larger make information live a sunburnthungerrid ofexpandc

27、irculatelead a lifeAlternative expressionsWords and expressions from the textPrefer toBecause of Try extremely Send things thanks towould ratherstruggleexportChecking answer II (3ms)Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 12:prove2. would rather3. live4. life5. rid6. of7. output8. increased9. sunburntChecking

28、answer III (2ms)Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 12:super2. satisfied3. strain4. Exported5. suitableUseful structure ( 30m )The use of the -ing formThe ing form as the Subject Object1作主语 动名词作主语时，句子有两种形式： 动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1) 捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的.Playing tricks on others is something we should never do2)学习新单词对我来说

29、非常重要。 Learning new words is very important for me3)说比做容易。Talking is easier than doing.用形式主语it，把真正的主语动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；no use，worth等。如：和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。It is useless trying to argue with Shylock这事值得去做。 Its worth making the effort想再解释一次有好处吗?Is it any good

30、trying to explain?跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。It is pleasant working with you在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do ”。例如：若要人不知，除非己莫为。There is no hiding of evil but not to do it这种事开不得玩笑。 Here is no joking about such matter.无法知道他什么时候离开 There was no knowing when he would leave. 动名词与不定式做主语时的比较： 动名词表示的动作通常是

31、一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。As a child，she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。Being a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me. 一直不做就是作恶。Doing nothing is doing ill他说：“继续这样下去是无用的。” He said，“To go on like this is no

32、 use”我很荣幸被邀请参加这个晚会。Its an honor for me to be invited to the party归纳：常用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做、是浪费时间的It is/was no good/use doing 做、是没用处的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做、不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做、是值得的There is no doing 无法、， 不允许、There is no sense in doing 做、没有道理T

33、here is/was no use doing 干、无意义 There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比、更糟的There is/was no point doing 干、无意义我们不知道要去哪儿。There was no knowing where we would go. 做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 注意：There is no need to do sth 干、没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为doing. 没有必要告诉她。There is no need to

34、tell her. 提示：当动名词用作主语时，其逻辑主语由形容词性物主代词和名词所有格构成。我姐姐病了，使我很担心。My sisters being ill made we worried.你正确未必就意味着我错了。 Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 2、用作宾语 动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，e

35、scape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand等。如：我不能不去。I cant avoid going你是否考虑过找一位挚友? Have you considered looking for one special friend? 我们必须设法避免犯同样的错误。 We must try to avoid repeating the same mistake晚饭后你想和我一起散步吗? Do you feel like having a walk with me after supper? 人们忍不住嘲笑那个愚蠢的人。 Peopl

36、e couldnt help laughing foolish man 这类动词还有：excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等。既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词，常见的有：begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forget，remember，hate等。A在like，love，hate，prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同，动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。B在begin/start，continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语

37、是人的时候。 C在动词forget，remember，regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作，如：我记得我已把信寄了。 I remember posting the letter我会记着去寄信的。 Ill remember to post the letter我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 I shall never forget seeing the famous writer不要忘了给你母亲写信。 Dont forget to write to your mother我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。 I regret missing t

38、he report我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。 I regret to say I cant take your adviceD在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如try to do (设法)，try doing (试试)，mean to do (打算，有意要做)，mean doing (意思是，意味着)。如： 我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。 We must try to get everything done in time我们用别的方法做这工作试试。 Lets try doing the working in some other way我并不想叫你生气。I didnt mean

39、to make you angry你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。 Your plan would mean spending hoursEgo on doing 和go on to doGo on doing继续做一直在做的事；go on to do接着做另一件事。如：请接着做这同一个练习。Please go on doing the same exercise请做另外一个练习。Please go on to do the other exerciseFstop doing与stop to do: Stop doing停止做，stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：我们停止了交谈。

40、We stopped talking我们停了下来去谈话。 We stopped to talk3作介词宾语动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。 A介词+动名词，如：我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples habits. 我向你道歉，刚才对你那样生气。I apologize for being so angry with you.离开几年之后再回到你生长的地方，感觉有点怪。 After being away for several years，it is a strange experience to return t

41、o the place you were born and brought up B动词+介词+动名词，如：我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。 I insist on taking proper food fort his expedition同学们脸上没有笑容，相反都做了怪脸。Instead of smiling，each of them made a face她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。 She was very interested in working for our company下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay a

42、ttention to，get down to，lead to, look forward to，stick to，be used to等 1. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.( 2004全国 ) A. Having suffered B.Suffering C. That D. Suffered精析：根据句意“it may now be too late to ” 和 “already”可知“河流已经被严重污染”，应用完成时。答案A。高考链接2. _ the gener

43、al state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. ( 全国2002)A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given解析：本题考查过去分词作状语的用法。分析题干，前一部分相当于一个条件状语从句，即If he is given ，因为主句是 it，从句应含被动意义，这恰是过去分词作状语的基本含义即含被动意义。答案 A。3. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my niece.( 2001上海)havin

44、g hung B. hangingC. hangs D. being hung解析：本题考查过去分词作定语的用法。分析题目可知，谓语是is painted，那么选项部分应是充当定语的。A项是现在分词的完成式，其一般不作定语，只作时间或原因状语；C项动词“第三人称单数”显然也不能作定语，只作谓语；分析 the picture与动作 hang之间的关系，其不含被动意义，D项排除； B项是现在分词的一般式，相当于定语从句which is hanging。答案B。 Assignment 1. Summarize the rules of ving form as the Subject and Obj

45、ect in your own way. 2. Finish the exercises of “Discovering useful structures” on Page 12 - 13.Take a break!Take a breakUnit 2 Using languageReadingFirst reading ( 3ms ) Read the passage , then find out the main idea of each paragraph.Para 1: Para 2:Para 3: What is organic farming?Farmers prefer na

46、tural waste from animals.Farmers change crops every two or three years.Second reading ( 5ms )Read the text again and answer the following questions:1.What is organic farming?2.What problems are caused by using chemical fertilizers?3.Why do organic farmers grow peas or soybeans after corn or wheat?1.

47、What is organic farming?Organic farming means growing crops without chemical fertilizers.2.What problems are caused by using chemical fertilizers?There are three problems.First, chemical fertilizers affect the soil and the water supply badly.Second, they allow farmers to grow the same crop year afte

48、r year and exhaust the soil.Third, they kill both helpful and harmful pests. 3.Why do organic farmers grow peas or soybeans after corn or wheat?Farmers grow peas or soybeans after corn or wheat so that peas and beans can put minerals back into the soil, making it rich and healthy and ready to grow m

49、ore wheat or corn.Third reading ( 8ms )Read the text again, and fill in the following forms.1.This makes the soil richer in minerals and so more fertile.2.The soil is not exhausted.2.Peas and soybeans renew the minerals in the soil becomes rich and healthy.3.They use the soil to best advantage.3.The

50、y plant crops that need surface soil and next crops that grow at a deeper level. So the wind and water doesnt carry away the soil.All the richness of the soil is used.Advantages of organic farmingReasons1.Farmers use natural waste from animals.What is the disadvantage of using chemical fertilizers?1

51、.Leaving chemicals in the ground for a long time is not good for the soil or the water supply.2.Farmer often grow the same crop year after.As a result, the soil gets exhausted.3.Chemical fertilizers kill both helpful and harmful bacteria and pests.Retelling ( 8ms )Retell the text according to the ch

52、art:Organic farmingI.Crops growing with natural fertilizers.II.Farmers prefer natural waste from animals.Natural fertilizerChemical fertilizer1.makericher and more fertile2.reduceand helpstrong3.the fertilizers killand healthy4.keep freefrom chemicals1.leavingis not good2.growyear after yearIII.Farm

53、ers change crops every two or three years. to make sure what is left Take a break!Take a break1. What made Jia Sixie become interested in improving Chinese farming? He saw how some farms produced good crops and healthy animals and others did not.Reading task on Page 51 ( 15ms)Read the passage on Pag

54、e 51, then finish the exercises on Page 52.2. How did he think he could help farmers? He thought that when he found the best agricultural methods he would write them dawn so all farmers.Advice for farmersKeeping seedsChoosing seeds to planthang seed-heads up to dry all winter, knock seeds out when t

55、hey are sownchoose ones with the best colour3. What advice did he give farmers? Make notes in the chart.Advice for farmersWay to get rid of weeds(1)Way to get rid of weeds(2)let animals eat them before planting turn the soil over and cover so the weeds die.Advice for farmersAutumn plantingSpring plo

56、ughingCrops deep ploughing less deep ploughingchange crops grown in the same field every year.Language points for reading IIAssignmentFinish the exercises on workbook.Do some reading comprehension.Take a break!Take a breakListening and speakingAsk the students to answer the following question:If you

57、 want to plant some crops, what kind of fertilizer will you use? Why?Warming up ( 2ms )Listening I ( 18ms )Listening on Page 14. 1. Listen to the passage for twice, then finish the chart in Ex.1 on Page 14.Answer keys:Farming practicesMr Jones farmMr Smiths farmCrops grownfertilizerOther plant nutri

58、tionResults Carrots, cucumbers, pumpkins Carrots, cucumbers, pumpkinschemicalnaturalwaterwaterempty inside Solid and healthy inside 2. Listen to the tape for the third time and try to find the answers for Ex.2 and Ex.3 on Page 15, then check the answers.Suggested answer to Ex.2: The results from the

59、 two farms are so different because the healthy soil from Mr Smiths farm helped his plants fight the disease and grow healthily. Suggested answer to Ex.3: Summary D is the correct answer.Listening II ( 6ms )Listening Task on Page 50.1. Listen to the tape for twice and finish the exercise on 51, then

60、 check the answers.Suggested answer:A Greece B RomeC Middle East and AfricaD North AmericaSpeaking - I ( 8ms )1. Imagine you want to start your own farm. Discuss how you would start it with your partners. Think about the following points( in groups): A) kind of farm (give reasons for your choice) B)