【精编版】代词的基本分类及基础考点（讲义及练习）

1、代词人称代词第一人称：单数 I（主格“我”） me（宾格“我”） 复数 we（主格“我们”） us（宾格“我们”）第二人称：单数 you（主格“你；您”）you（宾格“你；您”） 复数 you（主格“你们;您们”）you（宾格“你们；您们”）第三人称：单数 he（主格“他”） him（宾格“他”） she（主格”她） her（宾格“她”） it（主格“它”） it（宾格“它”） 复数 they（主格“他们；她们；它们”them（宾格“他们；她们；它们”）注意：主格在句中作主语；宾格在句中作动词宾语或介词宾语。例如：_like apples.（我） Gina always asks _ ques

2、tions.（我）My sister is a good girl. I like _.（她）These books are good. Everyone wants to have _.（它们）_ are oranges.（它们）The key:I ; me 2. her 3.them 4. They物主代词1.形容词性的物主代词，其后一定要接名词。my（我的） our（我们的）your（你的；你们的）his（他的） her（她的） its（它的）their（他们的；她们的；它们的）This is _ room.（我的）What”s _ name?（你的）I have a dog. _（它的

3、） name is Coco and _ （它是） black.The key:my 2.your 3.Its; its注意：“her”既是宾格“她”，也是形容词性的物主代词“她的”;its 的意思是“它的” Its = it is 意思是“它是”名词性的物主代词，其后一定不能接名词。mine=my +名词 ours=our+名词yours=your+名词his=his+名词hers=her+名词theirs=their+名词its=its+名词注意：“his”和“its”形容词性的物主代词，也是名词性的物主代词。This room is _.（我的）That schoolbag is _.（

4、她的）My pen is on the desk. Where is _?（你的）The key: mine/hers/yours练习：1._ is English. _ name is Gina.A. She; She B. She; Her C. Her; She D. Her; Her2. This is _ room. The photo of my family is on the wall.A. I B. we C. our D. they3. Is this Annas ruler?- No, it isnt. _ is white.A. She B. Shes C. Her D

5、. Hers4. Miss Smith is very kind. We all like _.A. it B. her C. him D. them5.- Is this red pen _ ?- No, _ is black. A. you; my B. your; mine C. yours; my D. yours; mine6.When _ your mothers birthday？- _ on January 31st.A. is; Its B. are; Hes C. are; Its D. is; Shes7.There are _ trees in the picture,

6、 But there arent _ animals.A. some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some8. We have _ ball games. Join _ soon.A. much; we B. many; we C. much; us D. many; us9.- Whos your English teacher?- Miss Gao. She teaches _ English very well.A. our B. us C. ours D. we10.- My ruler is broken(坏了）. Can I use

7、 _?- Of course. Here it is.A. his B. hers C. mine D. yours11.- Are those _ books, Jack?- No, they arent. They are _.A. yours; Sams B. your; Sam C. your; Sams D. yours; Sam12.The dictionary on the desk is _. Mine is on the chair over there.A. your B. hers C. mine D. my13. -Those are oranges.-Good. I

8、like _ very much.A. one B. them C. it D. its14.- Excuse me, can I use your eraser? _ is at home.A. I B. Me C. My D. Mine15. I have a lovely pet cat. _ name is Coco.A. It B. This C. Its D. She16.- Excuse me, is this Alices pencil box?-Yes, it is. Its _. She is looking for（寻找） it.A.A. mine B. ours C.

9、hers D. theirs17.- Helen, is that cup on the desk _?- No, it isnt _ cup. It must be Dales.A. yours; my B. your; mine C. your; my D. yours; mineThe key:B 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.DA 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.DC 12.B 13.B 14.D 15.CC 17.A反身代词第一，二人称的反身代词由形容词性的物主代词+self/selves构成：myself我自己ourselves我们自己yourself你自己；您自己 yourselve

10、s你们自己；您们自己第三人陈的反身代词由人称代词宾格+self/selves构成:himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己themselves他们自己；她们自己；它们自己用法：作宾语，如：The child can dress himself.You are old enough to take care of yourself.作表语,如：Just be yourself.做你自己就好了。Mary hasnt quite been herself recently.玛丽最近身体不舒服。作主语或宾语的同位语，如:Mr. Green himself is a lawyer.Yo

11、u had better ask the woman herself.反身代词的惯用语by oneself独自的to oneself 独享地 enjoy oneself玩得开心 teach oneself=learn.by oneself自学 keep .to oneself保守秘密 dress oneself自己穿衣help oneself to. 随便（吃，用.） call oneself自称seat oneself 坐下 apply oneself to致力于adapt oneself 适应 behave oneself行为规矩be oneself 怡然自得 Make yourself

12、at home.别客气！Dont upset yourself!别自寻烦恼！You must pull yourself together.你必须振作起来。不定代词some和anySome/any的意思是“一些”，既是代词，也是形容词；可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：some books some bread注意：some一般用于肯定句中；any用于否定句或疑问句中；但在一些表示建议，请求或邀请的疑问句中，或者希望对方作出肯定回答的句子中，应用some，不用any。例如：There is some milk on the table.There isnt any milk on the tab

13、le.Is there any milk on the table?Are there any students in that room?Would you like some orange juice,Mike?另外，any在表示“任何一个；无论哪个”之意时，可用于肯定句中，例如：The question is so easy. Any student can answer it.五.不定代词few和little1.few既是代词，也可作形容词。其意义是“很少；几乎没有”，含有否定意义；a few意思是“一些；几个”，含有肯定意义；quite a few意思是“相当多”；fewer是few

14、的比较级，意思是“更少的”;few/a few/quite a few/ fewer 均修饰或替代可数名词复数。如：Few people understand the difference.很少有人了解这个差别。Ive seen most of his movies.Only a few are as good as his first one.他的电影多数我都看过。只有少数几部能与他的第一部媲美。little既是代词，也可作形容词，意思是“很少；几乎没有”，含有否定意义；a little意思是“有一点；少量”，含有肯定意义；less是little的比较级，意思是“更少的”;little/a

15、little/less 均修饰或替代不可数名词。例如：There was little doubt in my mind.我心里几乎没有疑问。She said little or nothing about her experience.她对自己的经历几乎只字不提。练习：1.There are _ mistakes in your writing. You did a good job.2.You dont need to rush. There is _ time left.3.If drivers are more careful,there will be _ car accidents

16、.4.There is _ salt in the kitchen. Could you please buy some?5.I recognized _ of the other people.6.Ive been there _ times.7.If you have any spare milk, could you give me _?8.In the future, there will be _pollution and more free time.The key:few 2.a little 3.fewerlittle 5.a few/some 6.quite a few 7.

17、a little 8.less六.复合不定代词由some ,any, every, no加上one, body, thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。someone=somebody某人 something某事；某物anyone=anybody任何人 anything任何东西；任何事物everyone=everybody人人；每人；所有人 everything每件事；所有事物no one=nobody没有人nothing没有什么；没有一件东西复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语。Someone is waiting for you at the door.I dont h

18、ave anything to say today.Money isnt everything.复合不定代词表示单数概念，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Every thing begins to grow in spring.复合不定代词或复合不定副词被形容词或不定式等修饰时，形容词或不定式等应置于不定代词或副词之后。Did you buy anything special?I dont have anyone to talk with.There is nothing wrong with the radio.I have something important to tell you.I

19、cant stand anyone impolite.上面的例题都是不定代词；下面的例题使用的是不定副词。Did you go anywhere interesting?你去过任何有趣的地方吗？Id like to live somewhere warm.我想住在温暖的地方。some-类复合不定代词通常用于肯定句；但有时也用于表示请求或建议的疑问句中。例如：Will you ask someone to carry the box for me?Would you like something to eat?any-类复合不定代词通常用于否定句或疑问句中；但是anyone表示“任何人”，any

20、thing表示“任何事”时，可用于肯定句中。例如：I bought something interesting for my sister.I didnt buy anything interesting for my sister.Did you buy anything interesting for your sister?Anyone can do this.I can do anything for you.Anything is possible.somebody重要人物nobody小人物；无名之辈He is nobody in his factory, but somebody

21、among the workers.She rose from being a nobody to become a superstar.她从无名小辈一跃成为超级明星。练习： 不定代词 一.1.- Do you have _ to say for yourself?- No, I have _ to say.something; everything nothing; somethingeverything; anything D. anything; nothing2. - Would you like _ to eat?- Yes, please.something B. anything

22、 C. everything D. nothing3. Tom _ the piano every day when he was in primary school.A. plays B. will play C. played D. is playing4. - What did Mr. Smith do before he came to China?- He _ in a car factory.worked B. works C. is working D. will work5. - Your brother is an excellent basketball player.-

23、So he is. He _ to play basketball three years ago.begins B. began C. beginning D. to begin6.-Dont play games any more. There is _ for you.-OK,Mom.nothing useful B.useful nothingC.something useful D. useful something7.-Sally, I have _ exciting to tell you. We will go back to school soon.-Great!anything B.somethingC.everything D.nothing8. I knocked at the door but _ answered. Maybe they went to the concert.A.nobody B.somebodyC.everybody D.anybodyListen! _ is calling our names.nobody B.Anybody C.Somebody D.Something10.-Did you talk to _ on the phone just now?-Yes