路基工程专业英语

1、平面设计plane design纵断面设计longitudinal section design横断面设计transverse section design线路等级linegrade建筑限界construction clearance铁路线路; 铁道线路railwayline铁路曲线; 铁道曲线railwaycurve线间距离; 线间距 distance between centers of lines;distancebetween centers of tracks;midway between tracks路基 subgrade铁路路基; 路基 ; 铁道路基railway subgrad

2、e;subgrade软土路基soft soil subgrade沙漠路基desert subgrade冻土路基permafrost subgrade膨胀土路基subgrade in swelling soil zone路基基床subgrade bed路堤embankment; fill高路堤high-fill embankment路堑cut; road cutting深路堑deep cutting路肩road shoulder;subgrade shoulder边坡side slope护坡revetment;slope protection;pitching路基滑动subgrade slip滑

3、坡防治landslide preventive treatment路基排水subgrade drainage塑料排水板plastic drainage board路基加固subgrade strengthening土工织物geotextile挡土墙; 挡墙 retaining walls锚定板anchor plate锚杆 anchor bolt抗滑桩 antiskid pile;anti-slide pile;counter-sliding pile加筋土reinforced earth植被vegetation路基防护subgrade protection防护工程protective engi

4、neering防护林 protection forest防沙 sand proof固沙stabilization of sand输导砂 sediment transport路侧建筑物roadside structure排水沟 weeper drain;weep drain;drainage ditch;drain ditch挡风墙wind-shield wall;wind-breakwall隔声墙sound-proof wall防雪栅snow fence;snow guard石方工程rock excavation土方工程earthwork填方filling挖方cutting土方调拨mass d

5、ispatching线路施工机械track construction machinery and equipment路基病害subgrade defect沉降settlement坍方落石; 危石collapse rock翻浆冒泥frost boiling;mud-pumping路基壅水subgrade water damming路基渗流subgrade seepage flow路基冲刷subgrade erosion振动液化vibration liquefaction冻融freezing and thawing冻胀frost heaving冻害 freezing damage;frost he

6、aving雪害snow damage;snow blockade;snow drift沙害sand damage路基 subgrade ； road bed ； formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade ； pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade ； imperviousembankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone ； subgrade in so

7、ftclay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone； subgrade in morass region ；subgrade in swampland膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone； subgrade in salinesoil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special

8、 condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir ； embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district； subgrade incollapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in taluszone；滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in k

9、arst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone； subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone ； subgrade indesert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone ； subgrade in snowdisaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面 subgrade surface ； formation路基面宽度width of the s

10、ubgrade surface ； formation width路拱 road crown ； subgrade crown路肩 Road shoulder ； subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level ； shoulder level路堤embankment； fill路堑 cut ； road ； cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section ； cut and fill section基床 subgrade bed ； formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；format

11、ion top layer ；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade ； formation base layer ；bottom layer of subgrade bed一般路基general subgrade ； ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade； minimum heightof fill临界高度critical height基底foundationbase； base路堤边坡side slope of embankment ； fill sl

12、ope talus坡脚toe of sideslope护道berm取土坑 borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material ； embankment filler ；filling material of embankment填料分类classification of filling material岩块填料rock block fillerrock filler岩块填料rock block fillerrock fillerrock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler ； coarse-grained soilfill细粒土填料

13、fine-grained soil filler； fine-grained soil fill压实标准compacting criteria相对密度relative density压实系数compacting factor ； compacting coefficient最佳含水量optimum moisture content； best moisture content最佳密度optimum density ； best density核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bear

14、ing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement ； settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading ； berm for back pressurecounter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土 change soil ； soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation ； silt arrestingby explosion ； discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤

15、淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation ； packingsedimentation by throwing stones ； packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting ； rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting ； chamberb

16、lasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for looseningrock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting ； contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope ； side slope of cut堑顶 top of cutting slope ； top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting ； berm in cutting弃土堆 waste bank ； spo

17、il bank挡土墙 retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall ； gravity retainingwall with relieving platform ； balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods ； anchoredbulkhead retaining wall ； anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth ret

18、aining wall ； reinforced soilretaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall ； anchoraged retainingwall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩 anti-slide pile ； counter-sliding pile护墙guard wall护坡slope protection； revetment ； pitching排水沟 weep drain ； drainage ditc

19、h ； drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter ； overhead ditch ； intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水 hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch； catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel ；permeable tunnel ； drainage tunnel渗井leaching well； seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole dr

20、ainage反滤层 reverse filtration layer ； inverted filter ； protective filter检查井inspection well； manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course ； insulating layer透水路堤pervious embankment ； permeableembankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer ； drainage sand blanker坡面防护slope protectio

21、n护岸 revetment ； shore protection导流堤 diversion dike拦石墙 stone cut off wall ； stone falling wall ；落石槽 stone falling channel ； trough for catching falling rocks柴排 firewood raft ； mattress ； willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by forestation挡风墙 wind-break wall防风栅栏windbreak fence砂土液化sandliquefaction

22、线路养护trackmaintenance线路维修trackmaintenance;maintenance of track日常维修routine maintenance;current maintenance状态修 repairing on condition;repair according to condition巡回检查inspection tour养路作业track maintenance operation起道tracklifting;raising of track垫砟起道ballast filling track lifting改道trackrealigning;gage cor

23、rection;gaging of track拨道tracklining捣固tamping除草weeding 除草剂 herbicide除雪 snow clearing防冻anti-freezing融雪snow melt融雪剂 snow melt agent线路管理系统track management system养路组织track maintenanceorganization养路计划track maintenanceplanning维修天窗maintenance time维修周期maintenance period养路安全track maintenancesafety列车接近警报器; 列车

24、接近报警器; 列车接近报警装置trainapproach warning device养路质量track maintenance quality养路机械化track maintenance mechanization线路中修intermediate repair of track起道修 ; 线路中修track raising repair;track intermediateoverhaul线路大修major repair of track线路更新; 线路大修track renewal;track overhauling线路修复track restoration铁路抢修; 铁道抢修railwa

25、y emergency maintenance养路机械track maintenance machine起道机track lifting machine拨道机track lining machine起拨道机track lifting and liningmachine捣固机tamping machine捣固车tamping wagon单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway地形调查topographi

26、c survey地貌调查topographic feature survey ； geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map； surveying andsketching of geological map勘探exploration ； prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring ； exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test ；laboratory t

27、est原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding； static probing； cone penetrationtest动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic ；requirement ； engineeringgeologic condition气象资料met

28、eorological data冻结深度freezing depth设计高程；设计标高design elevationgeneral scour局部冲刷local scour ； partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测 location survey ； alignment ； final location survey中线测量center line survey中线桩 center line stake加桩 additional stake ； plus stake外移桩 shift out stake ； stake outward ； offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake le