小学英语语法归纳

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业小学英语语法归纳一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：

2、knife-knives Leafleaves5不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese写出下列各词的复数I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ straw

3、berry _peach_ sandwich _dish_bus_man_ woman_ 二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No. 1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1. be动词：主语be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语行为动词(其它)。如：We stud

4、y English.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。【No. 2】一般现在时的变化1. be动词的变化。否定句：主语be not其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be主语其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.非凡疑问句：疑问词一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike?2.行为动词的变化。否定句：主语dont( doesnt )动词原形(其它)。如：I dont like bre

5、ad.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesnt构成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：Do( Does )主语动词原形其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.动词s的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：gu

6、ess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“辅音字母y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Cla

7、ss One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There

8、_(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child of

9、ten _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20.What day _(be) it today?Its Saturday三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be动词ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为：疑问词不达意be主语动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词不达意be动词

10、ing?动词加ing的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit

11、 _ begin_ shop_二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the clas

12、sroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、将来时理论及练习一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week,month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。二、基本结构：be going to do；will d

13、o. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同义句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ ha

14、ve a picnic with my friends.2.我们将要学习英语We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句：didnt动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday动词过去式变化规

15、则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work_-worked , cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：live_lived 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing

16、-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be动词的过去时练习（1）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp l

17、ast week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now

18、.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.行为动词的过去时练习（2）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festiva

19、l?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人称代词和物主代词主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性I me my mineyou you you ryourshe

20、him his hisshe her her hersIt it its itswe us our oursthey them their theirs习题一.用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those s

21、tamps are _. ( he )二、用am, is, are填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2. The girl_ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teacher. 5. _ your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. 9.

22、Whose dress _ this? 10. Whose socks _ they?具体用法1.Hello的用法：Hello的意思为“您好”，一般可作为熟人，亲朋好友之间的打招呼用语,语气比较随便，例如：Hello,Li Hua!你好，李华。Hello,Tom!你好，汤姆！Hello也可以用以引起某人注意，常用在打电话时或者在路上碰见熟人时,相当于中文中的“喂”，有时也可用Hi来代替hello，但前者显得更随便。2.Whats your name?的用法：当两人初次见面互相询问姓名时，可用Whats your name?来提问，回答时，可用My name is.来回答,接着反问对方时，可用A

23、nd whats your name?来提问。例如：Hi!Whats your name? Hi!My name is Lucy.And whats your name? My name is Wang Ying. 你好，你叫什么名字？你好，我叫露西。你叫什么名字？我叫王英。句中的Whats是What is的缩写形式。3.Good morning,class (teacher).的用法: Good morning,class.同学们好。Good morning，teacher.老师好。这是上午上课时，老师和全班同学互相问候时用语。Good morning是上午问候时的用语，多用于熟人，朋友或家

24、人之间，是比较正式的问候用语。句中问候语放在前面，称呼语则要放在后面，并用逗号隔开。例如：Good morning.Mr.White.怀特先生，你好。4.英语字母：英语中有26个字母，每一字母有大写形式和小写形式两种。大小写形式如下：A a B b C c D d E e F f G g H h I I J j K k L l M m N n O o P p Q q R r S s T t U u V v W w X x Y y Z z 1.Are you？的用法。这是一疑问句型，意思是“你是吗？”用来询问姓名，职业，身份等，例如：Are you a worker?你是一名工人吗？Are yo

25、u a student?你是学生吗？回答时用Yes,I am.（是的，我是。）或者No,Im not.（不，我不是）来回答，注意Yes和No后面都有逗号，不能省略。2.Nice to meet you.的用法：这是两位初次见面相识后的用语，意思是“见到你很高兴。”见面相识可由自我介绍，第三者介绍或者询问相识。例如：Hello!Im Xiao Hua. Hello!Im Xiao Li. Nice to meet you,Xiao Li. Nice to meet you,too,Xiao Hua. 你好，我是小华你好，我是小李。小李，见到你我很高兴。小华，见到你我也很高兴。3.Where is

26、?的用法：这一句型表示“某物或某人在什么地方”。它同中文的句型结构不一样，where在前，而某物或某人在后，例如：Where is my book? 我的书在哪儿？Its there. 在这儿。Where is Tom? Tom在哪儿？He is here. 他在这儿。句中的where is可以缩写成“wheres”。4.am,is和are的用法：这三个词都是“是”的含义，但用法比中文中的“是”要复杂，英语中的am,is和are都是be的变化形式，根据不同的主语选用不同的动词，主语I用am,表示复数的主语和单数“you”则要用are,其它则用is。I am a teacher.我是教师。You

27、 are a worker.你是一个工人。You are students.你们是学生。She is Miss Gao.她是高小姐。This book is mine.这本书是我的。【与熟人打招呼】：英美人一天中见面都要打招呼，根据一天中不同的时间选用不同的说法，早上和上午时说Good morning，下午时说，Good afternoon，晚上见面时则要说Good evening。对方也用相同的问候语来回答。例如：Good morning,Mr.Green. Good morning,Miss Li. 【Sorry的用法】：Sorry表示“对不起”或“抱歉”，用于对自己的过错，失误，不能做某

28、事或者不能提供对方的请求时常用sorry或者Im sorry来表示。例如：Can you spell your name?你能拼一下你的名字吗？Im sorry.I cant.对不起，我不能。Whats the time,please?请问几点钟了？Sorry,I dont know.对不起，我不知道。【Excuse me的用法】：这是用于向某人询问一件事或提出请求而打扰某人时的用语。意思是“对不起”，“请问”。例如：Excuse me!Where is my bag?对不起，我的包在哪儿呢？Excuse me!Are you Teacher Wang?对不起，请问你是王老师吗？【Whats的用法】：这个句型用于询问某人叫什么或者某个东西是什么，例如：Whats this?Its a book. 这是什么？这是一本书。Whats your name?你叫什么名字？My name is Lucy.我叫Lucy. 英语语法