最新高一英语知识点总结Unit19-20

1、 11/11高一英语各单元知识点总结及重难点解析Unit19-20重点句型1. What do you think causes these changes?2. It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.3. To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.4. Not only is food produ

2、ction important but also taking care of the environment.5. Much of the wisdom discovered by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farming.6. Acting our stereotypes of people from different countries can be very funny.7. What comedians have in common with the players in a comedy is their way o

3、f playing with words.8. Typical for China is the crosstalk show, where a pair of comedians entertain the audience with word play.重点词汇1. protection n. 保护；防卫2. technique n. 技术；技巧3. irrigation n. 灌溉；冲洗4. import n. & v. 进口；输入5. production n. 产品；总产鼍6. sow v. 播种；散布7. wisdom n. 智慧；学识8. firstly adv. 首先9. re

4、move vt. 移动；搬开10. depend v. 依靠；依赖11. insect n. 昆虫12. discovery n. 发现；被发现的事物13. humor n. 幽默；诙谐14. practical adj. 实际的；实用的15. fortunately adv. 幸运地16. intend vt. 打算；想要17. nationality n.国籍18. fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的19. amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快20. laughter n. 笑；笑声21. accent n. 口音；腔调22. typical adj. 典型的23. actually a

5、dv. 事实上24. appreciate vt. 欣赏；感谢25. operate v. 运转；操作26. silence n. 寂静；沉默27. confuse vt. 使迷惑；混淆28. applaud v. & n. 拍手喝彩；赞同29. exist vi. 存在30. direction n. 方向；指示重点短语1. bring in 引进2. depend on 依靠3. protect from 保护免受4. make use of 利用5. make fun of 取笑；嘲笑6. drive off 赶走；开走7. date back to 追溯到8. look on as 把

6、看作9. be on good terms with 和关系好10. go against 违背；违犯11. have an effect on 对有影响12. at the right time of the year 在适当季节13. year after year 年复一年14. pass on 传递下去15. the first time 第一次16. enjoy a long life 健康长寿17. in great surprise 大吃一惊18. add to 增添19. from generation to generation 一代代20. be different fro

7、m 与不同短语闯关以下短语都是这两个单元学过的重要短语，请你根据汉语在横线上填人一个正确的词，每个词4分，80分才能过关，你一定能过关，做好了闯关的准备吗?那么我们就开始吧?1. depend _ 信赖；依靠；取决于2. and _ on 等等(表示列举未尽)3. twister 绕口令4. make fun _ 取笑；嘲笑5. date _ (to) 回溯到；追溯到6. make use _ 利用某事物(某人)7. be _ good terms (with sb)(与某人)关系好8. drive _ 把(车)开走；赶走；击退9. look on._ 把看作10. _ the 1980s在2

8、0世纪80年代11. have an effect _ 对产生影响12. bring _ 引进13. not onlybut _ 不仅而且14. _ good money 赚大钱15. go _ 违背；违犯16. a wide audience得到广阔观众的欢送l7. play _ words玩弄词藻18. be fluent _ English英语说得流利19. act _ small sketches演小品20. _ sunset(在)黄昏21. pass _ 传递下去22. _ a long life健康长寿23. _ great surprise大吃一惊24. all _ China

9、全中国25. act the _ of 演角色交际用语1. In my opinion you should.2. If I were you.3. We cant do both, so.4. As far as I can see the best thing would be to.5. Wouldnt it be better if.6. I hope (wish) to7. I intend to.词汇短语6. amuse vt. (1) 给娱乐(消遣) (2) 使喜欢(快乐) (3) 逗乐(笑)amusement n. 娱乐；消遣；娱乐活动amused adj. 愉快的；开心的；好

10、玩的amusing adj. 有趣的His story amuses me.他的故事使我发笑。The children amused themselves by playing hide-and-seek games.孩子们玩捉迷藏游戏取乐。词组 be amused at 以为乐；对觉得有趣(好笑)be amused by 以为乐；对觉得有趣(好笑)be amused with 以为乐；对觉得有趣(好笑)amuse oneself with 以自娱7. appreciate vt. 鉴赏，欣赏；感谢；意识到 vi. 涨价；增加appreciator n. 鉴别(赏)者；赏识者appreciat

11、ion n. 欣赏；评价；了解；感谢appreciative adj. 赞赏的；有欣赏力的；感谢的We all appreciate the holiday after a year of hard work.经过一年的辛苦工作之后，我们都十分珍惜这个假期。A musician can appreciate small differences in sounds.音乐家能区分声音中极细微的差异。We shall appreciate hearing from you again我们恭候佳音。I dont think you appreciate the danger of this job.我

12、认为你完全不了解这项工作的危险性。I appreciate your kindness.多谢厚意。Houses in this area have all appreciated since the newroad was built.这条新路修好后，这个地区的房子都涨价了。【注意appreciate 后接动词的-ing形式，不能接不定式，也不可用“人作宾语。【考点2】certain 的用法构词： certainly adv. 确实，(口语)当然?行 certainty n. 确实确定(性)；确知，确信；必然的事；毫无疑问的事搭配： It is certain that. 是肯定无疑的友情提示

13、：certain在大多时候可以被sure替换，但此句型中不可以。 be certain of / about确信，深信 be certain to do sth必然，一定 be not certain whether.不能确定是否 for certain 肯定地，确凿地 make certain of / about把弄清楚，把弄确实 make certain that. 保证【考例2】NMET 1997 Wait till you are more _. Its better to be sure than sorry.A. inspired B. satisfiedC. calm D. c

14、ertain考查目标 此题考查certain的词义。答案与解析D 从下文的sure可以得到印证，句意是“等到有把握(确信)。5. develop v.(1) vt. 开展，养成；形成，培养The little boy developed an interest in music.这个小男孩对音乐感兴趣。Fresh air and exercise develop healthy bodies.新鲜空气和体育锻炼造就了健康的体魄。(2) 成长，形成James has developed into a charming young man.詹姆斯已经长成为一个富有魅力的年青人。(3) 冲洗 (胶卷

15、)Lets have these pictures developed.咱们把这些照片冲洗出来吧。(4) 开发，建设We should develop the natural resources of our country.我们应该开发我们国家的自然资源。拓展developed adj. 兴旺的developed country / society 兴旺国家社会developing adj. 开展中的developing country / society开展中国家社会development n. 开展，进步，成长，开发2. guide vt. 指导；带着 vi. 任向导 n. 领路人，导游

16、者，向导guidance n. 指导；领导guided adj. 有领导的；指导的guiding n. 导向；控制They guided us to the office.他们带着我们到了办公室。Be guided by your feeling.按你的感觉行事。guide后常接介词to，意为“的指南，的向导。This book is a guide to Ennglish Grammar.这是一本英语语法指南。4. intend vt. (1) 想要，打算；企图 (2) 设计；方案(3) 意指；意思足intending adj. 主英 预期的；未来的intended adj. 预期的；有意的

17、；已订婚的n. 未婚妻夫I intend to go home.我想回家。The book is intended for beginners.本书是为初学者编写的。What do you intend by that remark?你说这话是什么意思?Is that what you intended?这是你的原意吗?词组 be intended to (do) 使；是用来be intended to be 规定为；确定为it is intended that 企图；意图是intend for 打算供使用；打算送给；打算使成为；想让从事某事【考点1】intend的用法构词：intention

18、 n. 意图，打算，目的；意义，用意搭配： intend that. 打算 intend doing sth / to do sth 打算 intend.for.打算供使用，打算把送给；打算使成为；想让从事 intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事 be intended / meant for 专门为专门给 have no intention of doing无意做 with the intention of 抱有目的，打算 without intention 无意中，不是成心地【考例1】2004北京Younger people shouldnt be doing exerc

19、ises _ for 18-year-olds.A. used B. intendedC. made D. described考查目标 此题考查intend的根本用法。答案与解析B intend与for的搭配表示“打算供某人使用，为某人设计使用等意思。【考点6】mind 的用法构词：evil-minded 存心不良的low-minded 卑劣的research-minded 富于研究精神的small-minded 气量小的strong-minded 意志坚强的absent-minded 心不在焉地搭配： against ones mind 违反某人的心愿，没有得到某人的同意 apply ben

20、d / give / pay / set ones mind to 专心，一心一意 be in / have a good mind to do sth 极想，极有意 be of / in a / one mind 意见一致 be out of ones mind 精神不正常，发疯；忘记 bear / keep.in mind 记住，记在心里 bring / call.to ones mind 想起，回忆起 change ones mind 改变想法主意；变卦 come to / into ones mind 浮现在某人的脑海中 give ones (whole) mind to 一心一意地，

21、专心于 make up ones mind 决心，打定主意；接受，成认 read sbs mind / thoughts 看出某人的心思，知道某人在想些什么 to sbs mind 在某人看来；合某人的心意 with one mind 全体一致地；同心间德 mind (sb / sbs) doing sth介意反对(某人)做某事 never mind 别难过；没关系；不重要【考例6】2004山西模拟 To most of us,friendships are considered very important, but we need to have clear in our _ the ki

22、nds of friends we want.A. hearts B. thoughtC. actions D. minds考查目标 此题考查mind的意思及其他和一些近义词的区别。答案与解析D in ones mind 意思是“在某人的心目中，in ones heart 那么常表示“在某人内心深处，二者使用的场合不同。【考点3】operate的用法构词： operating-table n. 手术台 operation n. 运转，操作，实施，作用，业务，工作，手术，军事行动 operaUve adj. 运转着的，有效的，手术的，起作用的，生效的搭配： operate on / upon s

23、b 给某人动手术 be in operation 在运转中；在行动中；在实施中；在生效中 come / go into operation 开始工作运转；生效 perform an operation on sb for a disease 给某人动手术 put / bring into operation 实施，施行【考例3】I was wondering why suddenly the lift was not _ properly.A. operating on B. operatingC. managing D. controlling考查目标operate的多种含义。答案与解析B

24、operate可作不及物动词，意为“(机器电梯等)运转，结合此题语境，只有B正确。本句意为“我一直在纳闷为何电梯突然失灵了。1. remove vt. 移动，拿开；脱掉，摘掉；去掉，开除。He removed his desk to another office after argument.争吵后，他把办公桌搬到了另一个办公室。Please remove your baggage from the seat so that the old man can sit down.请把你的行李拿开让这位老人坐下。I recognised Tom after he removed his dark g

25、lasses.汤姆取下墨镜后我才认出他。【考点4】return的用法搭配： in relurn (for) 作为的报答回礼，交换 (Wish you) many happy returns!(祝你)福寿无疆，长命百岁! write in return 写回信 return sb a visit 回访某人 return ticket 来回票 in return for 报答 make a return 作报告汇报 small profits and quick returns 薄利多销【考例4】2004湖北Two weeks later, she _ to find her old car cl

26、eaned inside and out with three new tires and the radio fixed.A. shocked B. happenedC. returned D. came考查目标此题考查return的根本词义。答案与解析C 根据上下文本空白所需要的意思是“回来。【考点7】seat的用法搭配： Please have a seat. 请坐。 take a seat 坐下 take ones seat 就座，坐在自己的座位上；(中选为议员后)就职 seat oneself (=be seated) 坐下【考例7】2003北京西城模拟 At dinner, he

27、was _ beside a woman full of dignityA. seated B. placedC. arranged D. kept考查目标 此题考查seat作为动词时的用法。答案与解析A 作为动词的seat意思是“给某人安排座位，让某人落座，常用被动语态。8. suffer vt. 遭受；忍耐 vi. 受苦(难)；受损失；吃亏；受罚 (for)；患病 (from)sufferer n. 受苦的人；受害者；患者suffering n. 苦楚；受难 adj受苦的；患病的I will not suffer such conduct.我不能容忍这种行为。His business su

28、ffered greatly during the war.他的生意在战争中蒙受了重大损失。He suffered for his carelessness.他因粗心而吃了亏。The child suffers from measles.这小孩得了麻疹。词组 suffer for 为而受苦suffer from 患病；受苦【考点5】use的用法构词： used adj. 用过的，旧的 usable adj. 可用的，适于使用的 user n. 使用者，用户 useful adj. 有用的，有助益的 useless adj. 没用的，无价值的搭配： use up 用完，耗尽；(口)使筋疲力尽 m

29、ake (full) use of (充分)利用，使用 of (no) use (没)有用 out of use 不再使用了，不通用，作废 in use 正在用，通用 bring / put sth into use 开始使用(某物) come into use 开始被使用【考例5】2004辽宁 With special equipment, some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be_, and with the help of a repeater station,.A. taken car

30、e of B. made use ofC. piled up D. saved up考查目标 此题考查use构成的短语make use of的意思。答案与解析B make use of 的意思是“利用，在本句中使用了被动语态。牛刀小试1用所给单词的适当形式填空：(intend, certain, return, operate, use, seat, mind)1. Some of the projects are _ by the women who were left in the village.2. Would you _ if they smoked in the next carr

31、iage?3. Lisa was that the new film was to be hold in our city next month.4. Be please, the organizer said to us.5. Two hours passed but no children _ to their homes.6. I _ to act in a film directed by Miss Swift.7. A good _ should be made of the computer to solve the problem we have been facing thes

32、e years.【短语归类】9. date back to / from 追溯到；始于In China needle treatment dates back to ancient times.在中国，针刺疗法从古代起就有了。This document dates from 1789.文件上注明的日期是1789年。词组 break the date 不遵守约会；失约bring sth. up to date 使现代化；使到达最新研究成果 (水平)make / have a date with sb. 口(与某人)约会(常指男女之间)out of date 过时的；废弃的up to date 直

33、到最近的；新式的；现代的closing date for entries报名截止日期10. look on.as 把看作They all look on him as a member of their family. 他们都把他看作是自家人。Dont look on him as a child. He is old enough to look after himself.别把他当成孩子看待，他已经能照顾自己了。词组 look after 照料look back (与on, to连用) 回想；记起；停滞不前took down on 轻视；看不起look forward to 盼望；期待lo

34、ok in 顺便看望；短暂访问look on (常与as连用)旁观；看作(=look upon)look out 注意；找出；挑选出look over 翻阅；浏览；检查look up 好转；在书中查到；寻访到；探访(某人)look up to 尊敬【考点1】含look的短语 look the same 看起来一样 look after 照料，照看 look at 看 look for 寻找 look over (仔细)检查 look up 向上看，查找，查寻，改善 look on.as. 把看作 look out 留神，注意 look like 看起来像 look through 浏览，细看

35、look on 旁观 look into 调查 look (a) round 环顾四周 look down 俯视例句 He looked over the food in the refrigerator and found that he had eaten up all the eggs and butter. 他查看了一下冰箱里的食物，发现所有的鸡蛋和黄油都吃光了。The weather is looking up, so we may go out this coming Sunday. 天气在好转，所以我们这周日也许能出去。There were signs everywhere wa

36、rning people to look out for falling rocks. 到处都有牌子，提醒人们留神岩石掉下来。We look on Kong Fansen as a model for us to learn from. 我们把孔繁森当作我们学习的楷模。【考例1】(NMET 1 990) _ this book and tell mewhat you think of it.A. Look through B. Look onC. Look into D. Look up考查目标此题主要考查look短语的短语的用法。答案与解析A look through 浏览，细看；look

37、on 旁观；look into 调查；look up 向上看，查找，查寻，改善。本句话意思是“仔细看一看这本书，告诉我你的想法。3. make use of 利用；使用He made use of every secx)nd to learn his lessons every day.每天他分秒必争地学习。If better use is made of your spare time, you will make great progress in it.如果你更好地利用你的业余时间，你会在那方面取得更大的进步。【考点3】含“动词 + on的短语 carry on 坚持下去，继续下去 co

38、me on 来吧，跟着来，赶快 call on 访问，号召，邀请 go on 继续 go on doing 继续做 get on 上(车) hold on 等一等，不挂断 live on 继续存在，继续活着以为主食，以为依靠 knock on 敲(门、窗) pass on 传递，转移到 put on 穿上，上演 turn on 翻开 try on 试穿，试戴 depend on 依赖，依靠，取决于 test on 在(身上)做试验 be on good terms 关系好 play a trick on sb 开某人玩笑，欺骗某人例句Though tired and hungry, we ca

39、rried on until we reached camp. 尽管又累又饿，我们还是坚持到了宿营地。As the years go on, we grow both wiser and sadder. 随着岁月的流逝，我们变得既明智又有点伤感。He put on an air of innocence, but it didnt deceive us.他装出一副无辜的样子，但是这欺骗不了我们。Several pairs of shoes were tried on, but none of them were satisfactory. 试穿了几双鞋，但是没有令人满意的。The southe

40、rners in China mainly live on rice. 中国南方的人主要以大米为食。Dont play a trick on me I want to know the truth. 不要欺骗我我想知道真相。I call on the people of the country to work hard for national unity. 我号召本国的人民为了国家的统一而努力。牛刀小试41. - I think the company may not offer you a good pay.- _, I wont take the job.A. That is to sa

41、y B. What is moreC. In other words D. In that case2. - When are you leaving for London?- My plan _ at three tomorrow afternoon.A. is taking off B. is about to take offC. takes off D. will take off3. - I hear that Bai Shan cant afford his schooling this fall.- _, lets do something for him.A. If so B.

42、 Where possibleC. When necessary D. What a shame4. - Im going downtown.- Come on. _.A. Youre welcome B. Ill give you a liftC. Dont do that D. Come with me精典题例1. _ straight on and youll see a church. You wont missing it. (2004湖北)A. Go B. GoingC. If you go D. Wheng going【解析】选A “祈使句 + and + 陈述句的句式相当于含有if条件句的复合句。2. _ the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks. (20