语法被动语态专练-牛津译林版八年级英语下册

1、被动语态:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。当句子的主语和谓语动词之间构成被动的意思，一般情况下要用被动语态。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。结构：be + done （动词过去分词）不同时态的被动语态的结构：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般将来时：现在完成时：am/ is /are +donewas / were +donewill be done / am/is/are going to

2、 be done has / have been done.主动语态和被动语态的转换的步骤1）主动语态变被动语态 主语变宾语加by；宾语变主语；对应时态的被动语态He planted a lot of trees in the hills.A lot of trees were planted by him in the hills2）被动语态变主动语态 主语变宾语；宾语变主语，去掉by；对应时态的主动语态 A lot of trees will be planted by them in the hills.They will plant a lot of trees in the hill

3、s.被动语态的注意点(1)在主动语态中，后面跟动词原形的结构，到了被动语态中要加to, 常见的 make/ let / see/ hear /notice / find +sb +do sthbe made to do / be seen to do / be heard to do / be let to do .He often makes us laugh happily .We are made to laugh happily by him.（2）跟双宾语的结构，在改被动语态时，如果是人来做主语，其他不变；如果是物做主语，要加介 词to或是for.He gave me this ma

4、gazine yesterday.-I was given this magazine yesterday.This magazine was given to me yesterday(3)在主动语态中含有固定搭配的词组，在改被动语态时，介词是不能少的。She often listens to this song .-This song is often listened to by himThe doctor operated on three patients .Three patients were operated on by the doctor.(4) allow sb to d

5、o sth / tell sb to do sth / ask sb to do sth be allowed to do / be told to do / be asked to do sth常见的不能用于被动语态的词 一般情况：不及物动词本身没有被动语态。如果动词加上介词可以跟宾语，如：operate on那么把整个 动词短语看作及物动词短语，存在被动语态。He was operated on by an experienced doctor.此外无被动情况：(1)联系动词是不能用于被动语态的。The fish smells good./ look , taste , feel, sou

6、nd(2)常考词无被动情况:happen / take place / come out / run out / rise(3)某些及物动词可作不及物动词用，特别是后加副词(如well, easily等)时。主动语态有被动含 义，这类动词常见的有sell, write, wear, wash, cook等。如：This kind of radio smells well,这种收音机很畅销。The cloth washes easily.这种布很容易洗。一、单项选择。()1. I feel very happy that I to be the host.一 Congratulations.A.

7、 chooseB. was chosenC. have chosenD. chose()2. 一 Did you go to Jacks birthday party? No, I.A. am not invitedB. wasnt invitedC. havent invitedD. didnt invite()3. I want to teach in this area. Well, teachers very much here.A. needB. are needing C. are needed D. will need()4. Where the trousers?A. are;

8、 made in B. are; madeC. is; made inD. is; made()5. 一 I bought a book yesterday. 一 Really? Who this book?A. did; written byB. do; writtenC. was; written by D. was; written()6. Each year quite a lot of food around the world.A. was wastedB. is wastedC. wastedD. will be wasted()7. How was the situation

9、here yesterday?一 Well, no further change yesterday.A. was taken place B. has taken place C. took place D. would take place ()8. A talk on developments in science and technology in the school hall next week .A. givenB. will be given C. has been given D. gives()9. 一Alice, you on the phone. 一Im coming.

10、 Thanks.A. wantB. are wantedC. are wanting D. have wanted()10. The books by Guo Jingming out already.A. are written, have soldB. written, have been soldC. written, sellD. write, are sold()11. These books out of the reading room. You have to read them here.A. must be taken B. cant take C. can takeD.

11、mustnt be taken()12. 一What should we do first if we want to develop our village?一A lot of new roads, I think.A. must build B. have to build C. must be built D. have built)13.一At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.-More chances to students to learn from each other.C. have off

12、eredare used forC. appeared inC. is happenedD. are offeringC. have offeredare used forC. appeared inC. is happenedD. are offeringare using forD. was appeared onD. happenedA. used toB. are used to)15A dog the screen.A. appeared on B. is appeared in )16. An accident on this road last week.A. has been

13、happened B. was happened )17. This kind of cloth well in this shop because it very easily.A. sells, is washed B. is sold, is washed C. is sold, washes D. sells, washes )18. The fish very nice. Who it by?A. is smelt, did, cook B. smells, did, cook C. smells, was, cooked D. is smelt, was, cooked()19.

14、The letter three days ago and it yesterday.A. had post, had arrivedB. was posted, arrivedC. was posted, was arrivedD. posted; arrived二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。l.Its said that the long bridge(build)in two months.Where to have the meeting(discuss)now.Which language the most widely(speak)in the world?.The lost

15、 boy(not find)so far.Last year a large number of trees(cut)down. The students often(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. The old man is ill. He(must send) to the hospital. Can the magazine(take) out of the library?. The stars cant(see) in the daytime. Some flowers(water) by Li Ming already.

16、 The boys were seen(play) football by our teacher at that time. Your pen(write) smoothly, where you(buy) it?.The class meeting(hold) last Wednesday afternoon.Jim(learn) many Chinese songs since he came to China. The little was seen(fall) into the river just now.News programmes(show) on TV every day.

17、China will be greener if more trees(plant).The 29th Olympic Games(take) place in Beijing ,China.His father(read) newspaper when someone knocked at the door.Im afraid the trousers of your size(sell) out already.My new sweater(make) of wool.Thousands of new books are(print) every day.My homework(check) half an hour ago.This birthday present(send)to me by my friend from America last week.Trees(can plant) either in spring or in autumn.Yesterday, she was made(finish) all the work in a