医学英语课件资料：科学文献翻译中的点、线、面

1、英语展示科学文献翻译中的点、线、面翻译用词例1 sabotage原文：”Active cell death be parsed into two general categories: cell suicide and cell sabotage . Cell sabotage is akin to the conventional meaning of sabotage.”翻译用词例1 sabotage原文：” conventional meaning of sabotage: just as a train must be moving quickly if it is to underg

2、o destruction when a rail is dislodged, some disruptions of cellular functions may derail（使脱轨） a cell to its destruction only if these functions are actively engaged.”翻译用词例1 sabotageLingoes 牛津高阶英汉双解词典Sabotage: damage done secretly to prevent an enemy, a competitor, etc succeeding, esp by destroying

3、his weapons or equipment and spoiling his plans 翻译用词例1So被算计性死亡？坑爹式死亡？（遭）暗算性死亡？陷阱式死亡？翻译用词例2 entosis原文：” cells can be engulfed by other cells (entosis, see below)”( ;)翻译用词例2 entosis原文：” Immortalized mammary epithelial cells, upon loss of anchorage to basement membranes, engulf each other in a process

4、called entosis”互噬？( )!翻译用词例2 entosis(Entosis, cytocannibalism, & trogocytosis=互噬 ) =1？“to push into their neighbors, forming the trademark cell-in-cell structures. A cell trapped by entosis is initially alive and can divide inside the cell that has enveloped it.”-Wikipedia (/wiki/Entosis)翻译用词例2 ento

5、sisEntosis 无相应中文翻译Cytocannibalism 无相应英文检索结果Trogocytosis 胞啃翻译用词例2 entosis Entosis Cytocannibalism Trogocytosis 互噬Protein希腊文 “protos”荷兰化学家穆尔德(Gerardus Mulder)瑞典著名化学家贝采里乌斯(Berzelius)-in/-ine后缀。Substance,物质medicine, insulin, chromatinUbiquitin泛素, Optineurin视神经蛋白Cardiolipin心磷脂cardio+lipo+ininner mitochon

6、drial membrane/membranes of most bacteriafirst found in animal heartsmitochondrial energy metabolismCalreticulin钙网蛋白cal+reticulo+incalregulin网钙调蛋白（钙调蛋白calmodulin）endoplasmic reticulumbindingCa2+ions, rendering it inactive结合上下文翻译1、指代词 that、these、it、here2、比喻型动词 slings、arrows3、并排句式结合文本外资料翻译1、词典释义2、相似中文

7、文献资料3、典故4、同义词词库-phagy: to eat, swallowAutophagy 自噬 Auto-: by oneself or spontaneous e.g. autoimmune disorders Systemic lupus erythematosisXenophagy 异体吞噬 Xeno: relating to a foreigner, strange e.g. Xenograft-phagy: to eat, swallowMitophagy 线粒体自噬 Mito-: thread e.g. mitochondrion mitosisLipophagy 脂质自噬

8、Lipo-: relating to fat or lipids (adip/o, steat/o) e.g. lipocyte liposuction adiposis steatomaReticulophagy 内质网自噬 Reticulo-: network e.g. reticulocyte命途多舛的细胞osis abnormal condition（病态）Apoptosis 细胞凋亡 the programmed death of organisms cells-ptosis falling; fall offNecrosis 坏死 the localized death of living cellsnecro- 死、死尸、坏死组织necrobacillus 坏死杆菌necrocytosis 细胞坏死necrobiosis 渐进性坏死 Necroptosis 坏死性凋亡 a programmed form of necrotic cell deathFerroptosis 铁死亡 一种由铁依赖的氧化损伤引起的细胞死亡模式，标志为细胞质和脂质活性氧增多、线粒体变小以及线粒体膜密度较大ferr/i ion entosis Entosis is the invasion of a living cell into another