2020新译林版高中英语选修第二册Unit3课本课文及单词表

1、Unit 3 Helping peopleReadingThe United Nationsbringing people togetherIn 1945, the world was on its knees. Cities lay in ruins, economies were destroyed, tens of millions of people were killed, and families across the globe were homeless and mourning the loss of loved ones. World War II, the deadlie

2、st human conflict of all time, had shattered peoples lives everywhere. From the ashes of this utter destruction rose the organization that we now know as the United Nations (UN), offering hope to a world desperate for lasting peace and security. It is my privilege and pleasure to stand before you to

3、day and share with you a little bit about this wonderful organization.The UN was officially established on 24 October 1945, when the UN Charter, the founding document of the organization, came into force. The following year, the first meeting of the UN was held in London and was attended by represen

4、tatives of 51 countries. Currently, the UN is made up of over 190 Member States. All of them work together to maintain international peace and security, protect human rights, deliver humanitarian aid, promote sustainable development and uphold international law. Over the years, the UN has been commi

5、tted to fulfilling its ambition of being the one place where all the worlds nations can gather together, discuss common problems, and find shared solutions that benefit all of humanity. In the words of the UN Secretary-General Antnio Guterres, “When international cooperation works, the world wins.”

6、The UN believes that international cooperation plays an essential role in addressing many issues, such as clean water, poverty and education.Can you believe that nearly one third of the population around the world did not have access to safe drinking water about a decade ago? The UN has recognized t

7、he critical importance of fresh water to life on our planet and recommended that every human being should have between 50 and 100 litres of water per day, for both personal and domestic uses. With this end in view, the UN has called for transboundary water cooperation through a legal framework for w

8、ater resources management. Moreover, various water projects managed by the UN and its partners aim to provide clean water for needy communities. There has been remarkable progress over the past years. According to a 2021 UN report, the percentage of the global population with easy access to safely m

9、anaged drinking water services increased to 74.3%. Increases have been seen in both rural and urban areas, motivating the UN to continue its tireless work of providing clean drinking water to those who need it.With regard to poverty, the UN estimates that around 10% of the worlds population, includi

10、ng one in six children, live in extreme poverty, unable to fulfil their most basic needs. These figures are both depressing and distressing. Not surprisingly, therefore, ending poverty is the UNs number one Sustainable Development Goal. To effectively fight poverty, the UN focuses on understanding h

11、ow people experience poverty in other ways besides income. Health, education and standard of living are three key dimensions that can reflect whether people are being left behind. These dimensions comprise ten indicators, such as nutrition, years of schooling and housing. With this data, the UN can

12、identify the root causes of poverty and work with governments and communities to ensure that those causes are efficiently addressed.It is the belief of the UN that education is the most basic building block of every society and the single best investment countries can make to build prosperous, healt

13、hy and fair societies. However, due to various circumstances like inadequate learning materials or poor school facilities, learning is often difficult for many children. The United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), which is a part of the UN system, has many ongoing education programmes. One of these,

14、 the Reimagine Education initiative, uses technology to create online learning opportunities, which are accessible to children anywhere and anytime. Additionally, UNICEF spares no effort to ensure more children have access to their education programmes. These programmes help remove long-standing bar

15、riers to learning, supporting every childs right to learn.To conclude, I do hope you have found this brief insight into the work of the UN both inspiring and stimulating. While the UN is a huge global organization, every one of us can do something to make a positive difference. To quote the famous h

16、istorian and philosopher Howard Zinn, “Small acts, when multiplied by millions of people, can transform the world.” So I urge you all to find out more about how you can make a difference to one person, one society or the world, no matter how small.Extended readingThe chain of kindnessThe rain was co

17、ming down so hard that each drop seemed to explode as it hit the roof of the car. Tom strained his eyes and looked out into the coal-black night, struggling desperately to keep his car on the road. The windscreen wipers worked furiously to clear the glass, but they were not doing much good. The rain

18、 beat down continuously, it was completely dark outside, and the road was deserted except for him and his car.Tom glanced in his rear-view mirror. He could see his wheelchair in the back seat and quickly looked down at his thin, broken legs. He could feel a familiar wave of despair start to wash ove

19、r him. The rain was still pounding on the roof of the car and he felt as if he had been trapped inside a drum. As the world outside began to close in on him, Tom gasped for breath. Suddenly, a loud noise shook Tom out of his moment of hopelessness as the car began to bump down the road. “Great,” he

20、thought, “a flat tyre.”With a heavy sigh, Tom brought the car to a stop, resting his head on the steering wheel, defeated! After a few seconds, he looked up and peered out of the window. The rain seemed to have eased a little, and in the distance, he could see a light twinkling in the blackness. Wit

21、h a sense of hopeful anticipation, Tom gently eased the car towards the light. As he got closer, he could see a long driveway leading to a solitary house.When Tom approached the house, a young girl around ten years old was standing in the doorway. He pulled up as close as he could and rolled down th

22、e window. “Are your parents at home?” he shouted over the wind and rain. “I have a flat tyre and I need help,” Tom added.“Wait a minute,” the girl replied. She turned and went into the house. A few minutes later, she returned with an old man. The girl held his arm and smiled lovingly up at him.“How

23、can I help?” the old man asked with a smile on his face.Tom explained the problem and added, “I need help because my legs are paralysed.” The words came out flat. But he didnt know how else he could convey the fact that he needed help from this weak old man in the middle of the rainstorm. The old ma

24、n simply nodded his head and asked Tom to open the boot of his car. With the help of his young assistant, the old man quickly got to work. Occasionally, Tom leaned out of the window to see how they were doing with the repairs. The two were concentrating on their work, and the rain was soaking them.

25、Once again, Tom couldnt help but feel he was useless.Soon the old man stepped to the window. “Youre all set,” he said. Tom had money ready and handed it to the man, but he made no move to take it.Finally, the young girl said, “Grandfather is blind.”Tom didnt know what to say. He just gestured toward

26、s the girl and the old man helplessly as he stumbled through an explanation that he would like to pay them for their help.The grandfather waved a hand in front of his face and said, “There is no need. Just be careful about getting home and continue the chain of kindness.”Tom eased his car down the d

27、riveway and back onto the road. The rain was now only a light mist, revealing the road ahead. As he drove through the night, he found himself looking forward to the journey ahead.When Tom eventually arrived home, he parked his car in front of the house as usual. He looked at the wheelchair ramp that

28、 led to his front door. Before today, that ramp had been a constant reminder of his own disability, and every day, he could feel it laughing at him. However, a chance encounter on a rainy night and an act of kindness from a complete stranger came to make Tom see everything differently.Over the next

29、few days, he kept replaying the incident over and over in his mind. Inspired by this, he contacted his doctor to see if there was something he could do to increase his mobility, he pursued his long-lost dream of becoming a teacher, and he reconnected with his family. Perhaps Tom was disabled in one

30、way, but he decided that he would not let this define who he was or what he could accomplish. Most importantly, he began to look forward to each new day and view it as an opportunity to help others so that he could continue the chain of kindness.Unit 3 *mourn /mn/ vt. & vi.（因失去而）哀悼，忧伤 (30) *shatter

31、/t(r)/ vt. & vi.（使）破碎，破裂； （使感情、希望或信念等）粉碎，破灭， 被粉碎，被破坏 (30) *ash / n. (pl.) 灰烬，废墟；灰，灰烬 (30) *utter /t(r)/ adj. 完全的，十足的，彻底的(30) humanitarian /hjumnterin/ adj. 人道主义的；慈善的 (30) uphold /phld/ vt. 支持，维护；（尤指法 庭）维持（原判），受理（申诉） (30) *fulfil /flfl/ vt. 实现；履行，执行，符合，具 备；起作用，目的是；使有成就感，使 满足 (30) *litre /lit(r)/ n. 升

32、 (31) *framework /fremwk/ n.（体系的）结构，机制；信念，观念，准则；（建筑物或物体的）构架，框架，结构(31) *distressing /dstres/ adj. 使人痛苦的，令人苦恼的 (31) building block 组成部分，构成要素；积 木，塑料积木 (31) *prosperous /prsprs/ adj. 繁荣的，成功的，兴旺的 (31) 101*helmet /helmt/ n. 头盔，防护帽 (33) *deploy /dpl/ vt. 部署，调度（军队或武器）；有效地利用，调动 (33) *profound /prfand/ adj. 巨

33、大的，深切的，深远的；知识渊博的，理解深刻的；艰深的；严重的，完全的，彻底的 (33) *sacrifice /skrfas/ n. 牺牲，舍弃；祭献，祭祀 vt. 牺牲，献出 (33) displace /dsples/ vt. 使（某人）离开家园； 取代；移动，转移；撤职，免职 (34) *flee /fli/ vi. & vt. (fled, fled) 迅速离开，（尤 指害怕有危险而）逃避，逃跑 (34) *refugee /refjudi/ n. 避难者，逃亡者，难 民 (34) chickpea /tkpi/ n. 鹰嘴豆(34) *dual /djul/ adj. 双重的，双的，两部分的(34) *proverb /prvb/ n. 谚语，格言(34) *harsh /h/ adj.（天气或生活环境）恶劣的， 艰苦的；残酷的，严酷的，严厉的 (35) *arid /rd/ ad