英汉谚语的比较

1、英汉谚语的比拟keyrdsprverbs;siilarities;differenes;interfusin摘要谚语是语言的一个重要组成部分，是各国语言文学艺术宝库中的一朵奇葩。谚语表达了语言与文化的关系。由于人类的普遍社会活动和心理思维过程有许多共同之处，因此英汉谚语也存在着一样之处。但由于各国详细历史文化背景的不同，所以英汉谚语又存在着差异。本文分析了英汉谚语的一样点与不同点，并提出英汉谚语在跨文化交际中的浸透与交融。英汉谚语有着一样的起源和语言特点。都来自民间生活，神话传说，文学作品和外来语。英汉谚语的语言具有简炼和生动形象的特点。但从详细内容来看，英汉谚语表现了不同的地理、历史、宗教和

2、文化价值观念。最后指出随着世界文化的交流，谚语逐渐打破国家和民族的界限，英汉谚语在互相浸透与交融。关键词谚语；一样点；不同点；交融1.intrdutinthedefinitinfprverbbyxfrdadvanedlearnersenglish-hineseditinaryis“shrtell-knnsayingthatstatesageneraltruthrgivesadvie.2.siilaritiesbeteenenglishandhineseprverbsthesiilaritiesbeteenenglishandhineseprverbsainlylieintheirriginsa

3、ndlinguistiharaters.2.1siilarriginsprverbsarenise,vividandnshrtsenteneshihbeusedandpassednrally.theyarethesuingupftheexperieneintheprdutinstruggleandthesiallifeandtherystalfisd.4anenglishprverbitselftellsusthat“prverbsarethedaughterfexperiene.frtheseeanfindthatenglishandhineseprverbsenjythesiilarrig

4、in:theybthriginatefrpeplesdailylifeandexperiene.speifiallyspeaking,theybthefrflklife,ythlgy,literaryrksandfrtherlanguages.farersreatedthefllingprverbs:(1)akehayhilethesunshines.(2)aprilrainyfrrn,ayfrgrass.(3)肥不过春雨,瘦不过秋霜。(4)春天不忙，秋后无粮。rkenreatedthefllingprverbs:(5)strikehiletheirnisht.(6)agdanvildesnt

5、fearthehaer.(7)木匠怕漆匠，漆匠怕光亮。huntersreatedthefllingprverbs:(8)hethatisafraidfeverybushillneverprveagdhuntsan.(9)上山打虎心要狠，下海提龙心要齐。businessenreatedthefllingprverbs:(10)yupayyurneyandtakeyurhie.(11)货有上下三等价，客无远近一样待。ary-enreatedthefllingprverbs:(12)agdgeneralakegden.(13)养兵千日，用在一时。theseerefirstusedbyaliitedg

6、rupfpepleinthesaefields.beausetheyarephilsphialllquialis,latertheygraduallygainedideaeptaneandpartlybeaepartfthenrnflanguageandarenusedinanythersituatins.(14)ifearthegreeks,evenhenbringinggifts.(frtheell-knnstryfthetrjanhrsebyhihthegreekstktheityftry.)(15)yuanntakeaeruryfeverydg.(frranythlgy.iteanst

7、hatnteveryindillanserequallyelltbetrainedintashlar).(16)thefxsaidthegrapeseresur.(frthefablesfaesp.iteansthatnesaidsethingisbadhenneanntgetit.)(17)八仙过海，各显神通。fr?八仙过海?(18)过着牛郎织女的生活。fraflklegend(19)“thebiterissetiesbit.isfrshakespeareshalet.ittellspeplethatthsehdbadthingstthersillbringtheselvestruble.(

8、20)“allisntgldthatglitters.isfrshakespearestheerhantsfvenie.iteansthatthsehhaveagdappearanearentneessarilyprfundrlearned.isfradistinguishedenglishphilspherandriterbansnreading.ittellspeplethatreading,nfereneandritinganakeapersnlearned,sharpandpreise.and(22)“thehildhdshstheanisfriltnsparadiseregained

9、.anyhineseprverbsarefrlassihineseliteraryrks.thefurgreatrks:thepilgriagettheest,thethreekingds,adreafredansinsandthearshrebellinarethestppularlassisinhina.suhas:(23)温故而知新。(bystudyingtheldnelearnssethingne)-?论语?(seletedreading)(24)三个臭皮匠顶个诸葛亮。(threebblersiththeiritsbinedequalzhugeliangtheaster-theisdf

10、theassesexeedsthatftheisestindividual.)-?三国演义?(thethreekingds)(25)三十六计,走为上计。(fthethirty-sixstratages,thebestisrunningaay.)-?水浒传?(thearshrebellin)(26)谋事在人,成事在天。(anprpses;gddispses.)-?红楼梦?(adreafredansins)(27)说曹操,曹操到。(talkfthedevilandheissuretappear.)-?三国演义?(thethreekingds)literature,asairrrfsiallife,

11、isanthersurefprverbs.anysentenesintheseliteraryrksarefullfisdandeasytbereebered,spepleliketheandusetheagainandagain.atlast,theybeetheprverbsandareidelyused.eansaythatprverbsarethereaftheliteraryrks.(28)artislng,lifeisshrt.(29)theishisfathertthethught.selatinprverbsaretransferredintenglish.frexapleen

12、glishpeplehavegt(30)“snripe,snrttenfr“itaturuitputridu.anyenglishprverbsefrfrenh.frexaple,englishpeplehavegt(31)“henthefxpreahes,takeareffyurgeesefr“quandlerenardseetapreher,gardeauxpules.englishprverbsalsefrfreignritersrks.frexaple,(32)“nstantdrippingearsaaythestne.isfrranpetvid.hinesepeplehavealsg

13、tseprverbsfrtherlanguages.suhas(33)“吃不到葡萄说葡萄酸isfr“thegrapesaresur.(34)“谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好isfr“hehlaughslastlaughsbest.(35)“条条大路通罗马isfr“allradsleadtre.thesehavebeenaeptedbyhinesepepleandbeehineseprverbs.frabveeanfindutthatenglishandhineseprverbshavesiilarriginsfrflklife,ythlgy,literaryrksandfrtherlanguages.

14、frthesesiilarriginseanseethatenglishandhinesepeplehavesiilarsialativitiesandetinalrefletinandbservatinftherld.2.2siilarlinguistiharatersprverbsarereatedbynpepleandrallyhandeddnfrgeneratintgeneratinagainandagain.englishandhineseprverbsareniseandvivid.(36)easyeeasyg.(37)npainsngains.(38)人勤地不懒。(39)人心齐泰

15、山移。prverbsaresipleandshrtsentenes,stheyanbereeberedandhandeddnfrgeneratintgeneratin.prverbsuserhetrialdeviestattratthereadersdeeply.anyhineseandenglishprverbsusethesaerhetrialdeviessuhassiile,etaphr,repetitinandhyperble,et.siileisusedveryfrequently.itisafigurefspeeh,inhiharerlessfanifulrunrealistipa

16、risnisade,using“liker“as.6hereareseexaples:(40)割麦如救火。(41)剩秧如剩草，缺秧如缺宝。(42)agdfriendisasthesunininter.(43)ablakpluisasseetasahite.(44)tieisfatherftruth.(45)failureisthetherfsuess.(46)一寸光阴一寸金。(47)谎话怕真理，黑暗怕阳光。(48)哪个老虎不吃人，哪个地主不狠心。(49)anylrds,anylas.grkysaidthat,“thetrueartisauthrizedtexaggerate.(50)athus

17、andyearsanntrepairaentslssfhnr.(51)谷子栽得稀，不够喂小鸡。theexaggeratinisntfalse.itesfrthetruefeelingsandbasesnreality.8apartfrtheabverhetrialdevies,therearetherdevies.theyareantithesis,synedhe,persnifiatin,et.theusefrhetrialdeviesakesprverbsfresh,hurus,ipliitandfullfit.thughenglishandhineseprverbsenjythesiil

18、arrigins,theyalshavedifferenesintheirdetailedntents.eilldisusstheirdifferenesfrthefllingaspets:differentgegraphy;differenthistryusts;differentreliginsanddifferentvaluenepts.3.differenesbeteenenglishandhineseprverbs3.1refletingdifferentgegraphyanatinsgegraphialenvirnentisafraerkinhihalanguageandultur

19、ehavebeendevelping.thegegraphialfeaturesfauntryareinevitablyrefletedinthenatinallanguageingeneralandprverbsinpartiular.10(52)thebestfishsellhentheyarethreedaysld.(53)allatsea.(54)beingnthesea,sail;beingntheland,settle.(55)letanthersshiprekbeyurnavigatinark.(56)春雨贵如油。rainduringspringtieispreiusasil.(

20、57)种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。asapanss,sshallhereap.(58)人勤地不懒。(ifanisdiligent,silisntidle.)(59)瑞雪兆丰年。(asnyear,arihyear.)(60)一粒下地,万粒归仓。(frnegrainsninttheearth,nethusandgrainsillspring.)(61)前人种树,后人乘凉。(anestrsplanttreeshiledesendantsenjythelunderthetreeshadeenjyingthefruitsflabrfnesanestrs.)frabve,eanseethatenglishandh

21、ineseprverbsreflettheirdifferentgegraphialnditins.englandisanislanduntry,sanyenglishprverbsareabut“sea,“fish,“shipandsn.hileanyhineseprverbsareabutagriulture,suhas“豆，“雪，“仓，“地,et.3.2refletingdifferenthistryustseahnatinhasitsnhistry.sineprverbsarehistrialprduts,theyayrefletseaspetsfthenatinalhistry.ak

22、nightreferstaangiventherankfknighthdbythebritishnarh.thereareanylegendsabuttheenglishknights(e.g.:kingarthurandhisgreenknights)intheanientties;and(63)“frhippingpsttpillry.ahippingpstisapstthihapersnastiedfrapublihippingandapillryisadenfraerkiththreehlesinthihtheheadandhandsfanffendererelked,expsingh

23、itpubliabuseandridiule.11(64)只许州官放火,不许百姓点灯。(theagistratesarefreetburndnhuses,hilethenpeplearefrbiddeneventlightlaps.theperfulandhattheyant,theeakarentalledtdanything.)(65)朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨。(behindthereddrseatandinegtastehileutntheradsliethebnesfthefrzen.)(66)嫁鸡随鸡,嫁狗随狗。(arryakandfllthek,arryadgandfllthedg.

24、flltheanyuarry,beheflrur.)12frabveeanseethatenglishandhineseprverbsrefletthedifferenthistry.englishprverbsarerelatedtkingandknighthilehineseprverbsrefletthehinesepeplesgrudgeandresistanetrulers.3.3refletingdifferentreliginsenglishpeplebelieveinhristianityanditisthestinfluentialreliginintheest.anyeng

25、lishprverbsrefletenglishpeplesreligiusfaithandanyftheareabut“gd,“devil,“heaven,“hurh,“rssand“hell.e.g.:(67)asprasthehurhuse.(68)gdhelpsthsehhelptheselves.(69)thedevilanitesripturefrhispurpse.(70)bettergtheaveninragsthanthellinebridering.(71)theaytheavenisbyeepingrss.theprverbsabveareapparentlyrelate

26、dthristianity,beauseinthe“gd,“devil,“heaven,“hurh,“rssand“hellappearhiharetheebdientsfhristianity.inntrast,buddhisisthestppularreligininhina.anyprverbsareabutbuddhissuhas:(72)平时不烧香,临时抱佛脚。(neverburninginensehenallisell,butlaspingbuddhasfeetinaneergeny.)(73)跑得了和尚,跑不了庙。(thenkayrunaay,butthetepleantruni

27、thhi.afugitiveustbelngtseplaethatanprvidelues.)(74)泥菩萨过河,自身难保。(likealayidlfrdingariver-hardlyabletsavene.)(75)放下屠刀,立地成佛。(thebutherhlaysdnhisknifeatnebeesabuddha.)(76)一人得道，鸡犬升天。(77)道高一尺，魔高一丈，et.hilehinesepeplebelievedinbuddhisandtais,sanyhineseprverbsareabut“佛and“道。3.4refletingdifferentvalueneptsthed

28、ifferenesbeteenhineseandesternvalueneptsainlylieinindividualisandlletive.(78)gdhelpsthsehhelptheselves.(79)hehelpslittlethathelpsnthiself.thesetprverbsillustratetheindividualrle.therds“theselvesand“hiselfshthatindependeneplaysaniprtantrleintheirlife.(80)everyanisthearhitetfhisnfrtune.(81)ifyuantathi

29、ngelldne,dityurself.thesetprverbsattahiprtanetindependeneandself-reliane.self-relianeipelspepletreatepprtunities,seekpetitinandbereadyfrrisks.(82)“itisthesqueakyheelthatgetstheil.givesprinenettheindividualis.(83)“everyanafterhisfashin.laysstressnindividualdifferenes.,“destyand“lve(84)“孤树结成林不怕风吹，滴水集成

30、海不怕日晒。shsthestrengthflletiverunin.(85)“四海之内皆兄弟。refletstheiprtanefutualhelpandreliane.(86)“互相协助事好办，各自揣私心事难成。laysstressntheharniushuanrelatinship.(87)“忍一时风平浪静，退一步海阔天空。suggeststhatpepleshuldsavethethersidesfae.hinesetraditinalvaluenepthasbeengreatlyipatediththeinputfindividualis.(89)“一个和尚挑水吃；两个和尚抬水吃；三个和尚没水吃isntrarythineselletivetendeny.inspiteftheseexeptins,theirainstreasarenthanged.englishandhineseprverbshaveanysiilaritiesanddifferenes.iththeuniatinfrldulture,prverbsillbreakthebundaryfstatesandnatins,prtetheulturalnvergeneandahieveinterfusin.englishandhin