(文末附答案)人教版高考英语基础知识题库

1、（文末附答案）人教版高考英语基础知识题库单项选择题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、The reason you gave for the absence of your assignment was you missed the deadline aftergetting a long-queued nucleic acid test （核酸检测）.A . why; thatB . why; whichC . that; thatD . which; why2、It was a pleasure to learn to dance from Polly, who was a gent

2、le and young lady.A . braveB . dishonestC . forgetfulD . graceful3、Will it suit your that we meet at 7.00 o clock this evening?A . satisfactions . appointmentC . delightD . convenience4、Our teachers remind us strict ourselves in everything.A . of being, withB . to be, withC . to be, inD . of, on5、It

3、 was I came across my best friend I realized I had left the book at home that we hadattempted to finish together today.A . when; thatB . that; whenC . that; thatD . whenjwhen6、A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the of the week s events.A antiqueB . durationC . highlight

4、D . scenery7、Besides, if s vital that you your table manners.A . mindedB . mindC . to mindD . minds8、Your suit! Why?I got stuck in the rain.A . has ruinedB . had ruinedC . has been ruinedD . had been ruined解析: 考查强调句以及状语从句的引导词。句意：当我遇到我最好的朋友时，我才意识到我把书忘在家里了，我们本 来打算今天一起完成的。分析可知，主句为强调句，其结构为lt+is/was+被强调成

5、份+that/who+其他。结合句 意，被强调局部“I came across my best friend ”为when引导的时间状语从句,表示“当时候”， 故第一空为when ；第二空为强调句引导词that。应选A。6、答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为期一周的庆祝活动将以激动人心的番茄大战作为本周活动的亮点。A. antique古 董；B. duration 持续时间；C. highlight 最好的局部；D. scenery 风景。根据 an exciting tomato battle可知, highlight “最好的局部”符合句意。应选C。7、答案：B解析：考查动词虚拟语气

6、。句意：此外，你应该注意餐桌礼仪，这是很重要的。分析可知，vital后that引导的从句要 用虚拟语气,即“It s vital that主语+ (should) do句型,should可以省略,故谓语动词应用动词原形。故 选B项。8、答案：C解析：考查时态和语态。句意：你的套装毁了!怎么啦?我遭雨淋了。根据语境可知，这里强调现在的结果和 影响，主谓之间是被动关系，所以应该用现在完成时的被动语态。应选C。9、答案：A解析:10 考查定语从句。句意：老实说，这是我最不愿意去的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中 缺少宾语，先行词place是地方，因此空格处用关系代词which,应选

7、A。10、答案：D解析：考查独立主格结构。句意：由于暴风雪，所有的航班都取消了，我们决定乘火车。分析句子结构可知，句子已 有谓语动词decided,空处需填非谓语动词形式，cancel的逻辑主语是all flights,和句子的主语we不一致， 此处为独立主格结构，排除A项和B项；All flights和cancel为逻辑动宾关系，且cancel这个动作发生在 decided之前，需用现在分词的完成被动式。应选D。11、答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意：约翰确信所有现存的问题都会得到解决，因此感到轻松。be convinced为固 定短语，意为“确信”，句子已有谓语动词felt,第一

8、空需填过去分词convinced作状语；第二空需填形容词 作定语，修饰名词problems,此处修饰的主体是物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。应选A。12、答案：C解析：考查情态动词的用法。句意：你非要现在打断我吗？你没看见我在打 吗？对不起，先生，这是紧 急情况。A. Can能够，可以，可能；B. Should应该，居然；C. Must一定，偏要，非要；D. Would将会，总是。 结合语境可知，此处表示一种埋怨或不满，用must “非要，偏要”符合题意。应选C。13、答案：A解析：考查固定句型和时态。句意：尽管有许多巨大的挑战，我宁愿死也不愿放弃。表示“宁愿做也不做”有两11 种固定句型：pr

9、efer to do A rather than do B ；would rather do A than do Bo 句子为一般过去时，动词 prefer用过去式preferred。应选A项。14、答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：亚洲航空公司，亚洲最大的廉价航空公司，宣布了在未来五年在全球开100多家餐 馆。A. declared宣称，断言；B. announced宣布；C. claimed声称,断言；D. addressed演讲，称呼。根据句 意可知，此处表示“宣布计划”，用动词announce。应选B项。15、答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意：到了接近打惮的17点20分，所有的新鲜

10、水果都卖光了。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰 先行词17:20,先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。应选Bo16、答案：A解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：任何可能的核武器触发都完全是一场规模巨大的灾难。A.nothing less than完全是； 不亚于；B.nothing better than 没有比更好；C. nothing more than 不过是；无非是；D.nothing worst than 没有比更糟糕。根据句意和常识可知，核武器的触发完全是一场巨大的灾难。应选B。17、答案：A解析：考查代词it。句意：我真的认为在这么短的时

11、间内完成工作四不可能的。分析句子可知，空格处是形式宾语， impossible是形容词，真正的宾语是不定式短语“ to finish the work in such a short time”，用形式宾语it,故12选Ao18、答案：C解析：考查代词辨析。句意：那男孩进来了，一只手拿着冰淇淋，另一只手拿着汉堡包。A. others其他人；B. another （三者以上）另一个；C. other （两者之中）另一个；D. one （泛指）一个。分析句意可知，男孩应该有两只 手，所以用his other hand表示“他的另一只手用”。应选C项。19、答案：A解析：考查介词短语辨析和定语从句。

12、句意：除了这家医院，这个地区还有一所大学，它也是在政府的支持下建立的。A. In addition to 除了 ； B. In harmony with 与协调；C.On the basis of 在的基础上；D. As well as 除了、 和。根据句意，第一个空表示“除了”，所以第一空排除B项和C项；第二空应该填非限制性定语从的引导词, 因为that不能引导非限制性定语从句，排除D项。由于从句中缺少主语，先行词university属于事物，所以要 用which引导。应选A项。20、答案：A解析：考查时态。句意：青蒿素已成为疟疾治疗的重要组成局部，仅在非洲一年就被认为可以挽救10万人的生命

13、。 现在完成时的结构为have/has+done ；观察句子可知，has become是现在完成时。应选A。21、答案：A解析：考查交际用语。句意：一这是一次很棒的国庆节旅行。那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，杭州还是无锡？一很难说。 它们都既有好的也有坏的事情。A很难说；B.我不明白；C.你一定是在开玩笑吧；D.再好不过了。根据下文13“There were good things and bad things about them.可知,这两个城市既有好的地方也有不好的地方,因 此推断很难说。应选A。小提示：22、答案：B解析：考查时态。句意：听！多么美妙的音乐啊！有人在隔壁房间拉小提琴。根据句意和

14、句中“Listen”可知，句中 动作正在发生,应用现在进行时,“Someone”与“is”连用，“play”意为“演奏（乐器）”，动词词性， 现在分词为“playing”，故空格处应填“is playing” 。应选B项。23、答案：A解析：考查时态。句意：你为什么让水一直流到水槽里？天啊！我猜我忘了关。根据句意可知，此处表示之 前忘了关水，故用一般过去时，应选A。24、答案：B解析：考查固定句型。句意：我去年开始学法语，所以我仍然难以用法语与人交流。固定句型have trouble doing sth “做某事有困难”。根据句意，应选Bo25、答案：D解析：考查宾语从句。句意：他决定弄清楚谁

15、是最后一个离开公司的人。观察句子可知，find out后缺少宾语，为宾 语从句，空处缺少连接代词作从句的主语，表示人，用who引导宾语从句。应选D项。1426、答案：universal#niversal解析：考查形容词。句意：音乐是一种通用语言，说不同语言的人都能理解。根据首字母和句意，可知应填形容词 universal,作定语修饰名词 language。故填 universal。27、答案：desperate#esperate解析：考查形容词。句意：受疫情影响，连续两年销售不振的店铺正陷入绝望当中。根据单词首字母以及句后的英语 提示 Reeling or showing little hop

16、e of success,1 可知，空处应用 “desperate”，意为“绝望的”，形容词词 性，在句中作表语。故填desperate。28、答案：opinion#pinion解析：考查名词。句意：在我看来，大多数人通过实践学得最好，而不是坐在教室里阅读。my是形容词性物主代词, 后面接名词作宾语。表示“观点，看法”，用opinion。in one，s opinion是固定短语，意为：在某人看来。在该短语中，opinion没有单复数的变化。故填opinion。29、答案：unique#nique解析：考查形容词。句意：我们大多数人会说英语和法语，这座城市有独特的魁北克文化和传统。根据句意“独

17、特的” 和首字母提示“u”可知,此处为形容词unique,作定语修饰culture和tradition。故填unique。30、答案:arguments#rguments解析：15 考查名词。句意：有时青少年和他们的父母在任何事情上都不能面对面，所以激烈的争论和寒冷的沉默是很常 见的。根据句意和首字母提示，应填arguement “争论”，根据句意和下文的silences可推断，此处用复数， 作主语，故填argumentSo小提示：31、答案:preference#reference解析：考查名词单数。句意：研究说明，偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词 prefer

18、ence（偏爱），由不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式，have a preference for（偏爱）。故填preference。32、答案:responsible#esponsible解析：考查形容词。句意：他对那次事故只负有局部责任。根据单词首字母以及句意“负责任”可知应填形容词 responsible,作表语。故填 responsible。33、答案：surrounding#urrounding解析：考查形容词。句意：美丽的漓江及其迷人的周边风景是中国广西壮族自治区最著名的旅游目的地之一。根据名 词scenery可知，设空处需填入形容词作定语，结合首字母提示可知，形容词surround

19、ing符合句意。故填 surrounding。34、答案：suspected#uspected解析：考查动词。句意：他被怀疑偷钱，所以他很难过。根据单词首字母以及句意表示“怀疑”，以及固定短语 “suspect sb. of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事”可知，空处应填suspect的动词形式。因为句意是“被怀疑”，故 16填suspect的过去分词形式。故填suspectedo35、答案：performances#erformances解析：考查名词。句意：之后，他们可能会在酒吧或俱乐部表演，表演时用现金支付。分析句子且根据句意可知，空 处应用可数名词performance的复数形式p

20、erformances,指屡次进行的表演，作谓语动词give的宾语。故填 performances 或 erformanceso36、答案：analyze#nalyze解析: 考查非谓语动词。句意：我认为，人工智能的最大价值在于其分析和解释大量数据的能力。to为动词不定式的标志，后接动词原形。根据句意可首字母可知，空处填analyze。故填analyze。37、答案：innocent#nnocent考查形容词。句意：在仔细调查后，她相信，她的儿子没犯罪。根所给首字母和句意可知，此处意为“无辜的, 清白的”，却放在be动词后做表语，故填innocent。38、答案:consideration#o

21、nsideration考查名词。句意：我们正在考虑你方关于降低我方商品价格的建议。be under consideration在考虑之中。根据首字母提示及句意，故填considerationo39、答案:professional#rofessional17考查形容词。句意：他以非常专业的方式处理了这个问题。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词way, showing that sb. is well trained and extremely skilled的意思是“说明某人受过良好训练且技能高超”，也就是“专业的”，由首字母提示p可知，是professional,故填professional。40

22、、答案：exposing#xposing解析：考查动名词。句意：既然我们知道我们的皮肤暴露在太阳下危险，为什么我们还日光浴呢？分析句子可知，介 词后面应接动名词作宾语，再根据首字母提示和句意可知填exposing,表示“暴露（expose） ”。故填 exposing。41、答案：narrow#arrow解析：考查形容词。句意：那男孩从公共汽车前面穿马路，差点被撞到。根据句意和首字母提示可知，形容词 narrow ”勉强的、差距很小的”符合题意，作定语，a narrow escape是固定表达，意为“侥幸脱险，九死一生, 千钧一发。故填narrowo小提示：42、 答案:participate

23、#articipate解析：考查动词。句意：我喜欢听他们交谈，尽管我不能参与其中。分析句子且根据首字母提示可知，空处应填动词 participate构成固定搭配participate in,表示“参加”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填participate。43、答案：unique#nique解析：考查形容词。句意：该地区有其独特的景观，这使它成为一个必去的地方。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词 18landscape,结合句意及首字母提示可知，unique “独特的”符合题意。故填unique。44、答案：functions#unctions解析：考查动词。句意：在周末，三分之一的房间用作工作场所

24、。根据单词首字母以及句意“用作”可知应填动词 function,作谓语，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，且主语为one third of the room,谓语与room保持一致，用 第三人称单数形式。故填functions。45、答案：observed#bserved解析：考查动词时态。句意：我注意到家庭对那里的人很重要。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个主从复合句，设空处 是谓语动词，that从句是宾语从句，根据单词首字母以及句意可知，这里应填动词。bserve,这是一个短暂性 动作，应用过去时态。故填observed。46、答案:One possible version:Dear Tina,I am

25、 writing to ask you for some help. Recently I have written an article and am eager to contribute it to The World. I hope you can polish it for me in case there are some mistakes.My article is about the brilliant Chinese culture, which has played an important part in the development of world civiliza

26、tion. The purpose of writing and contributing the article is to make people around the world know more about Chinese culture and improve mutual communication and understanding. China has now been developing rapidly and meanwhile I also hope my article can help people around the world to understand t

27、he developing China so that they are willing to visit China. I will be very grateful if you can do me the favor.Looking forward to your reply.199、To be honest, this is the last place I want to visit.A . whichB . in whichC . whereD . whose10、All flights because of the snowstorm, we decided to take th

28、e train.A . were canceledB . had been canceledC . having canceledD . having been canceled11、that all the problems would be settled, John felt relaxed.A . Convinced; existingB . Convincing; existingC . Convinced; existedD . Convincing; existed12、一 you interrupt now? Can, t you see T m on the phone?So

29、rry, sir, but if s an emergency.A . CanB . ShouldC . MustD . Would13、Regardless of many massive challenges, I die give up.A . preferred to; rather thanB . preferred; rather thanC . would; thanD . would to; rather than14、AirAsia, the largest budget carrier in Asia, has plans to open over 100 restaura

30、nts globally withinthe next five years.A . declaredB . announcedC . claimedD . addressed15、 By 17:20,was close to the closing time, all the fresh fruit had been sold.A . whenB . whichC . whatD . that16、Any potential triggering （触发）of atomic weapons would be a disaster of immense scale.A . nothing le

31、ss thanB . nothing better thanC . nothing more thanD . nothing worst thanYours,Li jin解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封Email给外教Tina,请她帮助给要投稿的文章修改润色，同时讲述 文章的主题和投稿原因。词汇积累想要做某事:want to do-be eager to do修改/润色：revise一polish目标:aim/goalpurpose同时：at the same timemeanwhile愿意做某事:would like to do-be willing to do帮助:he

32、lp sb.do sb. the favor句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:The purpose of writing and contributing the article is to make people around the world know more about Chinese culture and improve mutual communication and understanding.拓展句：I write the article and contribute it with the purpose that it will make people around the

33、 world know more about Chinese culture and improve mutual communication and understanding.小提示：20【高分句型 1 I hope you can polish it for me in case there are some mistakes.（运用了 in case 引导条件状语 从句）【高分句型 2 My article is about the brilliant Chinese culture, which has played an important part in the developm

34、ent of world civilization.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 3 China has now been developing rapidly and meanwhile I also hope my article can help people around the world to understand the developing China so that they are willing to visit China.（运用了省略 that 的宾语从句，同时，s。that引导目的状语从句）47、答案：Dear Thomas,I hope

35、this email finds you well and thriving! Now r m delighted to share my school life with you.In order to enrich our social experiences, various activities are being held and I picked cooking class where we can learn basic knife skills, food decorating and traditional cooking methods. Moreover, various

36、 vegetables are grown in our school farm and we can really experience how a dish is so valuable from a seed to food. Thus we re becoming more aware of food waste problem.How is your school life? Looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定考生是李华，你校正在开展社会实践系列活动，你参加了其中的烹饪课。请你 写

37、一封邮件,向你的外国笔友Thomas介绍以下内容。词汇积累21希望：hopewish高兴的:delightedglad各种各样的：various-varieties of此夕卜：moreoverbesides句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Thus we re becoming more aware of food waste problem.拓展句：Thus we re becoming more aware that food waste problem is serious.小提示：高分句型 lln order to enrich our social experiences, variou

38、s activities are being held and I picked cooking class where we can learn basic knife skills, food decorating and traditional cooking methods.（运用了 where 弓I导的限 制性定语从句）高分句型 2Moreover, various vegetables are grown in our school farm and we can really experience how a dish is so valuable from a seed to

39、food.（运用了 how 弓|导的宾语从句）48、答案：Dear Angela,I am very glad to receive your letter. And I5 d like to be your penfriend very much. I was born in Ningxia on February 23,1999. T m studying at Helan No.l Middle School. We learn Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry, history, politics, geography, and s

40、o on. I like English best. My favourite sport is football. In my spare time, I like to collect stamps.r m very glad to introduce my family to you. There are three people in my family. My father is a doctor and my mother is a teacher. We love each other very much. I hope one day you can come and visi

41、t my country and my 22home, or I can go and visit yours.r m looking forward to hearing from you.Sincerely yours,Li Hua解析:【导语】 这是一篇应用文。要求考生根据表格内容给加拿大学生Angela Green写信，表示愿意同她建立友好通讯联系。词汇积累 想要做某事：want to dowould like to do空闲的：free-spare高兴的:delighted-glad参观，拜访：pay a visit tovisit句型拓展 合并简单句 原句：We learn Chi

42、nese, maths, English, physics, chemistry, history, politics, geography, and so on. I like English best.拓展句：We learn Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry, history, politics, geography, and so on, of which I like English best.小提示：23高分句型 ll hope one day you can come and visit my country and my h

43、ome, or I can go and visit yours.（运用了宾语从句，引导词that被省略）高分句型2m looking forward to hearing from you.（运用了动名词短语作宾语）49、答案：As a child, he dreamt of being a singer. He often pretended to be a star, performing for his family and friends. While at middle school, he formed his own band, most of whom were music

44、lovers. With the encouragement and help of his friends and relying on his confidence and hard work, he achieved success at last. Now his voice is familiar to everyone.解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生介绍该歌手成名的经历。词汇积累形成:develop form相彳以：be similar to be alike to获得：acquire achieve依靠：depend on rely on句式拓展简单句变复合句原句

45、：As a child, he dreamt of being a singer.拓展句：When he was a child, he dreamt of being a singer.小提示：24【高分句型 1 While at middle school, he formed his own band, most of whom were music lovers.（运用 了 whom引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 2 He often pretended to be a star, performing for his family and friends.（运用了动词的现在分词

46、作伴随状语）50、答案：AnnouncementTo spread traditional Chinese art, an exhibition is scheduled from 22nd to 30th this month in the City Museum. The exhibition includes a wide range of items of Chinese traditional art. The highlight is the painting Clearing After Snow on a Mountain Pass by Tang Yin. Also of p

47、rimary note is a collection of bronze objects from Song Dynasty. Finally the museum has many fine examples of Tang Dynasty sculptures.The opening hours are from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Admission to the exhibition is free. No food or photos are allowed in the museum.The Student Union解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于通知。为了促进中国

48、传统艺术的传播，我市将于本月22日至30日每日9:00-17:00在城市博 物馆（City Museum）举办中国传统艺术作品展览。要求考生代表校学生会，在学校英文报纸上写一那么通知。词汇积累各种各样的：all kinds ofa wide range of最精彩的局部：the best part-highlight25包含：containinclude 最后：at last finally句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：To spread traditional Chinese art, an exhibition is scheduled from 22nd to 30th this mont

49、h in the City Museum. The exhibition includes a wide range of items of Chinese traditional art.拓展句：To spread traditional Chinese art, an exhibition is scheduled from 22nd to 30th this month in the City Museum,which includes a wide range of items of Chinese traditional art.小提示：【高分句型 1 Also of primary

50、 note is a collection of bronze objects from Song Dynasty.（运用 了完全倒装）【高分句型 2】No food or photos are allowed in the museum.（运用了被动语态）2617、I really think impossible to finish the work in such a short time.A . itB . thisC . themD . that18、The boy came in with an ice-cream in one hand and a hamburger in hi

51、s hand.A . othersB . anotherC . otherD . one19、the hospital, the region has a university,was also built with government support.A . In addition to; whichB . In harmony with; thatC . On the basis of; whichD . As well as; that20、Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is

52、thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone.句子中谓语时态为现在完成时的是：A . has becomeB . is thoughtC . saveD . become21、一It was a wonderful National Day holiday trip. So, which city did you like better, Hangzhou or Wuxi?-. There were good things and bad things about them.A . If s hard to sayB . I didn

53、, t get itC . You must be kiddingD . Couldn, t be better22、 Listen! How wonderful the music is! Someone the violin in the next room.A . playsB . is playingC . playedD . has played23、一Why did you leave the water running in the sink?Heavens! I guess I to turn it off.A . forgotB . have forgottenC . wil

54、l forgetD . had forgotten24、I began to learn French last year, so I still have trouble with people in French.A . communicateB . communicatingC . communicationD . communicates25、He decided to find out was the last one to leave the company.A . whatB . whichC . thatD . who根据首字母填写单词（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）Mu

55、sic is a u language that people speaking different languages can understand.（根据首字母单词拼写）27、Stores are getting d after two years of poor sales resulting from the pandemic, feeling orshowing little hope of success）（根据首字母单词拼写）28、In my o, most people learn best by doing, not by sitting in a classroom and

56、 reading about it.（根据 首字母单词拼写）Most of us speak both English and French, and the city has u Quebec culture and traditions.（根据首字母单词拼写）Sometimes teenagers and their parents can t see eye to eye with each other on anything, so heated a and cold silences are common between them.（根据首字母单词拼写）31、Research has

57、 shown that having a p for junk food can contribute to obesity.（根据首字母单词拼写）32、He was only partly r for the accident.（根据首字母单词拼写）33、The beautiful Li River and its amazing s scenery is one of the most well-known tourist destinationsin Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.（根据首字母单词拼写）34、He was s of ste

58、aling the money, so he was very upset.35、Later they may give p in pubs or clubs, for which they paid in cash.（根据首字母单词拼写）I believe most of the value of Al lies in its capacity to a and interpret vast amounts of data.（根据首字母单词拼写）After careful investigation, she was convinced that her son was i of any c

59、rime.（根据首字母单词拼写）38、Your proposal that the price of our goods be reduced is under c.（根据首字母单词拼写）He dealt with the problem in a highly p（showing that sb. is well trained and extremely skilled） way.（根据首字母单词拼写）40、Why do we still sunbathe when we know the dangers of e our skin to the sun?41、The boy had a n escape when he ran across the road