多丽丝·莱辛 Doris Lessing课件

1、Doris Lessing多丽丝莱辛梁媛1her as that epicist of the female experience, who with scepticism, fire and visionary power has subjected a divided civilisation to scrutiny. Lessing was the eleventh woman and the oldest person ever to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature.In 2001, Lessing was awarded theDavid

2、Cohen Prizefor a lifetimes achievement inBritish literature. In 2008,The Times ranked her fifth on a list of The 50 greatest British writers since 1945.Doris Lessing( 22 October 1919 17 November 2013) was a British novelist, poet, playwright, librettist, biographer and short story writer. Lessing wa

3、s awarded the 2007Nobel Prize in Literature. In awarding the prize, the Swedish Academydescribed2Early TimesLessing was born Doris May Tayler inKermanshah, Iran, on 22 October 1919, to Captain Alfred Tayler and Emily Maude Tayler , both British subjects. In 1925, the family moved to the British colo

4、ny ofSouthern Rhodesia(now Zimbabwe). As a girl Doris was educated at theDominican Convent High School. She left school at age 13 and was self-educated from then on. She left home at 15 and worked as anursemaid. In 1937, Doris moved to Salisbury to work as atelephone operator, and she soon married h

5、er first husband, Frank Wisdom, with whom she had two children , before the marriage ended in 1943. 3After the divorce, she met her future second husband,Gottfried Lessing. They married and had a child (Peter, born in 1946), before they divorced in 1949. Lessing moved to London in 1949 with her youn

6、gest son, Peter, to pursue her writing career and communist beliefs, but left the two elder children with their father Frank Wisdom in South Africa. As well as campaigning against nuclear arms, she was an active opponent ofapartheidwhich led in 1956 to being banned from South Africa and Rhodesia for

7、 many years. Move to London; Left-wing views4Her first novel,The Grass Is Singing, was published in 1950. The work that gained her international attention,The Golden Notebook, was published in 1962. Lessing is a prolific writer. By the time of her death, she had issued more than 50 novels, some unde

8、r a pseudonym. Her literary career began from 1950 and can be divided into three periods.Works and Achievement1950s-1970s: most of her novels in this period are realistic both inside and outsideThe end of 1970s-1980s: she turned to science fiction1980s-her death: she comes back to social analysis5Th

9、e Marriages Between Zones Three, Four and Five (1980) 第三,四,五区域间的联姻The Sirian Experiments (1980) 天狼星试验The Making of the Representative for Planet 8 (1982) 第八号行星代表的产生The Diary of a Good Neighbour (as Jane Somers) (1983) 简萨莫斯的日记The Fifth Child (1988) 第五个孩子Love, Again (1996) 又来了，爱情The Old Age of ElMagni

10、fico (2000) 猫语录，大帅猫的晚年7玛丽是南部非洲土生土长的白人，自幼家境贫困使她本能地渴望摆脱这种与土著黑人相似的生存状况。玛丽小时候，她的父亲很厌倦自己的工作，并把这种不满发泄到家里。玛丽的母亲忍受着贫困和自己丈夫的双重压迫。玛丽在缺少家庭温暖的环境中长大，对性充满了恐惧。工作后，她的生活一度有所改善。但在迫于社会压力结婚之后，她绝望地发现自己走回了母亲的老路。她的丈夫迪克专心于农村的工作，对玛丽十分冷漠。他们过着分居的生活。黑人雇工摩西的闯入打破了她麻木混沌的生活，使她有了新的生存力量。她被摩西所吸引并同他发生了关系。然而种族歧视的烙印深深地打在南部非洲每一个人的身上，注定了他

11、们所面临的必将是一个悲惨的结局。玛丽和摩西的关系被人发现。玛丽受社会压力所迫，抛弃了摩西。摩西盛怒之下杀死了玛丽，平静报案等待被捕。8The Golden Notebookis the story of writer Anna Wulf, the four notebooks in which she records her life, and her attempt to tie them together in a fifth, gold-colored, notebook. The book intersperses segments of an ostensibly realistic

12、 narrative of the lives of Molly and Anna, and their children, ex-husbands and loversentitledFree Womenwith excerpts from Annas four notebooks, colored black (of Annas experience inSouthern Rhodesia, before and during WWII, which inspired her own best-selling novel), red (of her experience as a memb

13、er of the Communist Party), yellow (an ongoing novel that is being written based on the painful ending of Annas own love affair), and blue (Annas personal journal where she records her memories, dreams, and emotional life). 10The whole book is narrated at first in the third person, then there is a s

14、hift to the first person, then back to the third person again. There is no plot in the traditional sense. Golden Note uses post-modern fiction writing techniques, such as parody, montage and other skills, in order to show the confused, multiple character. In 2005, the novel was chosen byTIMEmagazine

15、 as one of the 100 best English-language novels since 1923. Nobel Prize in Literature, called The Golden Notebook as a pioneering work to examine the relationship between men and women in the 20th century.11First published by Michael Joseph in 1984, under a pseudonym, as The Diary of a Good Neighbou

16、r and If the Old Could , The Diaries of Jane Somers have been out of print for some time.12The theme of Jane Summers diary is love, family and harmony. Recognizing that love is the key to establish and maintain the harmonious relationship between people. Realizing that love is the foundation of soci

17、al harmony and the spiritual motive force of human survival and development. In the text, Jane is lonely and incomplete before comprehending the love; but in her contacts with Modi, her niece and Richard, she experiences the most precious friendship, family affection and love. So that she completes

18、herself, and solves the personal crisis.THEME14In different diaries, author used different narrators: first-person narratives and third-person narratives. The author also used direct speech, indirect speech, free direct speech, free indirect speech to describe the vivid characters. Finally, the author used diary style to break