年职称英语《综合类b级》试题及答案

1、2022 年职称英语 综合类 B 级试题及答案 -考试吧供应 第 1 部分：词汇选项 第 115 题,每题 1 分,共 15 分 下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或者短语有括号, 请为每处括号部分确定 1 个意 义最为接近的选项； 1. There was something peculiar in the way the smiles A. strange B. different C. wrong D. funny 2. These animals migrate south annually in search of food. A. travel B. explore C. inlaid

2、D. prefer 3. She came across three children sleeping under a bridge. A. passed by B. found by chance C. took a notice of D. woke up 4. As a politician, he knows how to manipulate public opinion. A. express B. divide C. influence D. voice 5. She gets aggressive when she is drunk A. offensive 第 1 页,共

3、17 页B. worried C. sleepy D. anxious 6. He paused, waiting for her to digest the information A. withhold B. understand C. exchange D. contact 7. He was tempted by the high salary offered by the company. A. taught B. kept C. changed D. attracted 8. Come out, or Ill bust the door down A. shut B. set C.

4、 beat D. break 9. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error A. inflexible B. general C. complex D. direct 10. Make sure the table is securely anchored A. fixed B. repaired C. learned 第 2 页,共 17 页D. booked 11. It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already A. right B. obvious C. un

5、clear D. unbelievable 12. The police will need to keep a wary eye on this area of town A. naked B. cautious C. blind D. private 13. Rumors began to circulate about his financial problems A. spread B. send C. hear D. confirm 14. I have little information as regards her fitness for the post A. at B. w

6、ith C. about D. from 15. The contract between the two companies will expire soon. A. shorten B. end C. start D. resume 第 2 部分：阅读判定 第 1622 题,每题 1 分,共 7 分 第 3 页,共 17 页下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子,请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出判定 ; 如 果该句供应的是正确信息,请选择 A; 假如该句供应的是错误信息,请选择 B; 如 果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择 C； Kicking the Habit What is a bad habi

7、t. The most definition is that it is something that wedo regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has somesort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habit are pa

8、rt of what makes us human. Manyearly habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken whenweare very young. Weare either told to stop doing it by our parents, or weconsciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or

9、unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of out life, and becomes “ programmed” into our brain. A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change o

10、ut habits, it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to assoc

11、iate with them. They then showedthe volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them, A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures, and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It cam

12、eas no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later, 第 4 页,共 17 页they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set. The study confirms that the

13、responses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time. We may try to change out ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any o

14、ther way. The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also becomeautomatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even whenwe try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned

15、habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory. 16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. Bad habits may return when we are u

16、nder pressure. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 20. The volunteers found the test more difficult whenthey did it the second time. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第 5 页,共 1

17、7 页21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 22. If we develop bad habits early in life , they are harder to get rid of. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子 第 2330 题,每题 1 分,共 8 分 下面的短文后有 2 项测试任务： 1 第 2326 题要求从所给

18、的 6 个选项中为 指定段落每段选择 1 个小标题 ;2 第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句 子确定一个正确选项； Traffic Jams No End in Sight 1 Traffic congestion 拥堵affects people throughout the world.Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U.S., commuters 通勤人员 spend an average of a full

19、 working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy. 2 The most promising technique for reducing cit

20、y traffic is called congestion pricing ,whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.In theory, if the toll is high enough , somedrivers will cancelheir trips or go by bus or in practice it seems to work ：Singapore ,London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and

21、 pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing. 3 Another way to reduce rush hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime ,which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour.Those who have to travel 第 6 页,共 17 页during busy times can do their

22、 part by sharing cars.Employers can also allow more staff to telecommutework from homeso as to keep more cars off the road altogether. 4 Someurban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads ,especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded

23、 city such techniques do not really keep cars off the road;they only accommodate more of them. 5 Other, more forward thinking , planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day,and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is SO

24、 much better both for people and the this reason, the American government has decided to spend some$7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies.But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the$50 bi

25、llion being spent on roads and bridges. 1 2 3 4 23-26: A E C D A.Not doing enough B.A global problem C.Changing work practice D.A solution which is no solution E.Paying to get in F.Closing city centres to traffic 27. Most American drivers think it convenient to 第 7 页,共 17 页28. If charged high enough

26、, some drivers may to enter certain parts of town. 29. Building more roads is not an effective way to 30. The U. S. government has planned to updating public-transport systems. 27 30: C A E D A.go by bus B.encourage more private cars around D.spend more money E.reduce traffic jams regularly 第 4 部分：阅

27、读懂得 第 3145 题,每题 3 分,共 45 分 下面有 3 篇短文,每篇短文后有 5 道题；请依据短文内容,为每题确定 1个正确选项； 第一篇 On the Trial of the Honey Badger Ona recent field trip to the Kalahari Desert, a team of researchers learn a lot more about honey badgers. The team employed a local wildlife expert Kitso Khama to help them locate and follow t

28、he badgers across the desert. Their main aim was to study the badgers movements and behavior as discreetly 谨慎地 as possible without frightening them away or causing them to change their natural behavior. They also planned to trap a few and study them close up before releasing them in view of the anim

29、al s reputation; this was something that even Khama was reluctant to do. “ Theproblem with honey badgers is they are naturally curious animals, especially whenthey see something new,” he says. “ That, combined with 第 8 页,共 17 页their unpredictable nature, can be a dangerous mixture. If they sense you

30、 have food, for example, they won t be shy about coming right up to you for something to eat. They re actually quite sociable creatures around humans, but as soon as they feel they might be in danger, they can become extremely vicious 凶狠的 . Fortunately this is rare, but it does happen. ” The researc

31、h confirmed many things that were already known. As expected, honey badgers ate any creatures they could catch and kill. Even poisonous snakes, feared and avoided by most other animals, were not safe from them. The researchers were surprised, however, by the animal s fondness for local melons, proba

32、bly because of their high water content. Preciously researchers thought that the animal got all of its liquid requirements from its prey 猎物 . The team also learnt that, contrary to previous research findings, the badgers occasionally formed loose family groups. They were also able to confirm certain

33、 results from previous research, including the fact that female badgers never socialized with each other. Following some of the male badgers was a challenge, since they can cover large distances in a short space of time. Somehunting territories cover more than 500 square kilometers. Although they se

34、emhappy to share these territories with other males, they are occasional fights over an important food source, and male badgers can be as aggressive towards each other as they are towards other species. As the badgers became accustomed to the presence of people, it gave the team the to get up close

35、to them without being the subject of the animal s curiosity or sudden aggression. The badgers eating patterns which had been disrupted to normal. It also allowed the team to observe more closely some of the other creatures that form working associations 第 9 页,共 17 页with the honey badger, as these se

36、emedto badgers relaxed attitude when near humans. 31. Why did the wild life experts visit the Kalahari Desert. A. To find where honey badgers live. B. To catch some honey badgers for food. C. To observe how honey badgers behave. D. To find out why honey badgers have a bad reputation. 32. What does K

37、itso Khama say about honey badgers. A. They are always looking for food. B. They do not enjoy human company. C. They show interest in things they are not familiar with. D. It is common for them to attack people. 33. What did the team find out about honey badgers. A. There were some creatures they di

38、d not eat. B. They were afraid of poisonous creatures. C. Female badgers did not mix with male badgers. D. They may get some of the water they needed from fruit. 34. Which of the following is a typical feature of male badgers. A. They don t run very quickly. B. They defend their territory from other

39、 badgers. C. They hunt over a very large area. D. They are more aggressive than females. 35. What happened whenhoney badgers got used to humansaround them. A. They became less aggressive towards other creatures. B. They lost interest in people. C. They started eating more. D. Other animals started w

40、orking with them. 第 10 页,共 17 页其次篇 Lucky Lord Lucan Alive or Dead On 8th November1974 Lord Lucan, a British aristocrat, vanished. The day before, his childrens nanny had been brutally murdered and his wife had been attacked too. To this day the British public are still interested in the murder case

41、because Lucan has never been found. Now, over 30 years later, the police have reopened the case, hoping that new DNAtechniques will help solve this murder mystery. People suspected that Lucky, as he was called by friends, wanted to kill his wife he no longer lived with. They say that Lucan entered h

42、is old house and in the dark, killed the nanny by mistake. His estranged wife heard noises, camedownstairs and wasalso attacked, but managedto escape. Seven months after the murder, a jury concluded that Lucan had killed the nanny. What happened next is unclear, but there are several theories which

43、fall into one of three categories ： he may have killed himself, he could have escaped or he might have been killed. It appears that the night after the murder, Lucky borrowed a car and drove it. Lucans friend Aspinall said in an interview that he thought Lucan had committed suicide by sinking his bo

44、at in the English Channel. Another version of events says that Lucky left the blood-soaked car on the coast and took a ferry to France. He was met there by someone who drove him to safety in another country. However, after a time, his rescuers became worried that they would become involved in the mu

45、rder too and so Lucan was killed. A further fascinating theory was madein the book Dead Lucky by Duncan MacLaughlin, a former detective. Hebelieves that Lucan travelled to Goa, 第 11 页,共 17 页India, where he assumed the identity of a Mr. Barry Haplin. Lucan then lived in Goa till his death in 1996. In

46、 the end the claim turned out to be a case of mistaken identity. The manwhodied in 1996 was really Haplin, an ex-schoolteacher turned hippy. So what is the truth about Lucky. DNA testing has solved many murder cases, but who knows if it can close the book on this one. 36. The public are still intere

47、sted in the investigation because . A. of the terrible murder B. of the use of new DNA techniques C. Lord Lucan has never been foundthe murderer has not been caught D. Lord Lucan was famous 37. It is thought that Lucan killed the nanny because . A. she was looking after the children B. she was a fri

48、end of Lucans C. it was dark and he thought she was Lady Lucanshe was mistaken for his wife D. Lord Lucan thought the nanny stole his car 38. Aspinall thought Lucan killed himself by . A. jumping into water B. jumping out of his house C. sailing his boat D. sinking his boat 39. Lucan could have been

49、 killed because people . A. didnt want the police to catch him B. thought he might talk to the police about them if he was caughthas escaped but was killed later C. were unhappy with him 第 12 页,共 17 页D. thought he was rich 40. The word “ assumed” in Paragraph 5 means -took on 教材题目 EX-detective MacLa

50、ughlin claimed that Mr. Barry Haplin . A. was an old schoolteacher B. died in Goa, India C. was really Lord Lucan in disguise D. was a merchant 第三篇 Operation Migration 41. Whooping cranes migrate in winter to A. find warmth and food B. raise baby whooping cranes C. get human help D. lay eggs 42. Who

51、oping cranes are native to A. North America B. Mexico C. South America D. the Persian Gulf 43. Operation Migration aims to A. teach adult cranes how to fly B. breed cranes in special parks C. lead young cranes on their first trip south D. transport cranes to the North 第 13 页,共 17 页44. The distance c

52、overed by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is miles miles miles miles 45. If operation Migration is successful, whooping cranes will A. learn to migrate on their own B. follow airplanes south every year C. live in Canada all year round D. be unable to fly back 第 5 部分：补全短文 第 4650 题,每题 2

53、分,共 10 分 下面的短文有 5 处空白, 短文后有 6 个句子, 其中 5 个取自短文, 请依据短 文内容讲其分别放回原有位置,以复原文章面貌； The Tough Grass That Sweetens Our Lives Sugar cane was once a wild grass that grew in NewGuinea and was used by local people for roofing their houses and fencing their gardens. Gradually a different variety evolved which cont

54、ained sucrose 蔗糖 and was chewed on for its sweet taste. Over time, sugar cane became a highly valuable commercial plant, grown throughout the world. 46 Sugar became a vital ingredient in all kinds of things, from confectionery 糖果点心 to medicine, and, as the demand for sugar grew, the industry became

55、larger de more profitable. 47 Many crops withered 枯萎 and died, despite growers attempts to save them and there were fears that the health of the plant would continues to deteriorate. In the 1960s, scientists working in Barbados looked for ways to make the commercial species stronger and more able to

56、 resist disease. They 第 14 页,共 17 页experimented with breeding programs, mixing genes from the wild species of sugar cane, which tends to be tougher, with genes from the more delicate, commercial type. 48 This sugar cane is not yet ready to be sold commercially, but when this happens, it is expected

57、to be incredibly profitable for the industry. 49 Brazil, which produces one quarter of the world s sugar, has coordinated an international project under Professor Paulo Arrudo of the Universidade Estaudual de Campinasin Sao Paulo. Teamsof experts have worked with him to discover more about which par

58、ts of the genetic structure of the plant are important for the production of sugar and its overall health. Despite all the research, however, we still do not fully understand howthe genes in sugar cane. 50 This gene is particularly exciting because it makes the plant resistant to rust, a disease whi

59、ch probably originated in India, but is now capable of infecting sugar cane across the world. Scientist believe they will eventually be able to grow a plant which cannot be destroyed by rust. 46 50: A B C D E A. The majority of the world s sugar nowcomes from this particular commercial species. B. Unfortunately, however, the plant started to becomeweaker and more prone to disease. C. Eventually, a commercial plant was dev