概要写作集锦

1、概要写作集锦概要写作 1 EnvyIt as familiar but uncomfortable feeling. Your best friend will marry a handsome doctor, and the congratulatory hug you offer lacks genuine warmth. Yourfriend is made the team for Saturday s big game, andtake a certain pleasure i n telling him you can t be there towatch him play. Yo

2、u smile but a voice in your head asks, why them and not you?Envy is a shortcoming of character we like to keep in our heart secretly. How shameful is it not to be looking forward with delight to your day as your best friends bridesmaid! Who would hope your friend might suffer some injury, so you can

3、 take his place on the team?Envy is everywhere. It seems to be in our nature to hate others gifts and good fortune, especially if we see them as advantages they shouldnt have.Envy raises its ugly head when we focus on what we want but we don t possess now. Worsestill, we may even wish for and take p

4、leasure in someones losing what we have always desired. When you compare yourself and your life unfavorably with your friend or your colleague, you can only keep your darker emotions.So is there a solution? Is there anything you can do to get23Besides, accept your unique talents gladly. Finally, app

5、reciate others achievements sincerely.概要写作 2 Water shortageUsing too much water or throwing rubbish into our rivers are clear ways that humans can put our water supply in danger, but we also affect our water supply in less obvious ways. You may wonder how paving a road can lead to less useable fresh

6、 water. A major part of the water we use every day is groundwater. Groundwater does not come from lakes or rivers. It comes from underground. The more roads and parking lots we pave, the less water can flow into the ground to become groundwater.Human activity is not responsible for all water shortag

7、es.Drier climates are of course more likely to have droughtsthanareas withmore rainfall,butin any case, goodmanagement can help to make sure there is enough waterto meet our basic needs.Thinkingabout the way we use water every day canmake a big difference, too. In the United States, a family offour

8、can use 1.5 tons of water a day! This shows how muchwe depend on w ater to live, but there s a lot we can do4lower the number.You can take steps to save water in your home. To start with, use the same glass for your drinking water all day. Wash it only once a day. Run your dishwasher only when it is

9、 full. Help your parents fix any leaks in your home. You can even help to keep our water supply clean by recycling batteries instead of throwing them away.参考答案Human activities, such as wasting water, polluting rivers and constructing roads, can partly lead to water shortage. Meanwhile, drier climate

10、s are another cause of insufficient water supply. Hopefully, if you take action to use water smartly/wisely in your daily life, say, using the same glass of water, maximizing the efficiency of dishwashers, helping repair leaks and recycling batteries, you can still make a significant difference.概要写作

11、 3 SneezeManypeople are used to saying “ bless you ”or“ gesundheit ” when someone sneezes. No one says anything when someone coughs or blows their nose, so why do sneezes get special treatment?The phrase “God bless you” belongs to Pope Gregory5the Great, who voiced it in the sixth century during a b

12、ubonic plague epidemic ( 黑死病泛滥时期 ) (sneezing is an obvious symptom of one form of the plague). The term“gesundheit” comes fromGermany,and it literally means “ health ” . The idea is that a sneeze typically occurs before illness.Actually every country around the globe has its own way of wishing sneez

13、ers well. People in Arabic countriessay “ alhamdulillahwhich” means “ praise to be God” .Hin dus say “ Live!or” “ Live well!”Some countries havespecial sneezing responses to children.InRussia, theyarealso told “ rostibolshoi( “”growbig ” after) childrenaregiventhetraditionalresponse“ bud zdorov ” (

14、“ behealthy” ).Forthemost part,the varioussneeze responsesoriginated from ancient superstitions (迷信 ). Some peoplebelieved that a sneeze causes the soul to escape the body through the nose. Saying “bless you” would stop the devilfromtakingthe person ssoul. Othersbelievedtheopposite: evil spirits use

15、 thesneeze as an opportunitytoenteraperson s body.There wasalsothemisunderstanding that the heart temporarily stops duringa sneeze (itdoesn t),and saying “ blessyou ”is a wayof6welcoming the person back to life.We now know that sneezing is a reflex action and is most often the sign of something rela

16、tively benign ( 良性的 ), such as a cold or allergy ( 过敏 ). A sneeze also can be caused by being outside in the sunlight or from smelling a strong smell. Still, we keep the custom of saying “ blessyou”or“ gesundheit ” , mainly out of habit and common kindness.参考答案People usually say “ blessyou” after th

17、ey sneeze, as sneezing was considered one of the typical features of the plague. Many countries have their unique custom of wishing good health in response to sneezing. Most practices have their origin from ancient superstitions. Now sneezing is known as merely an indication of a minor sickness and

18、a response to outside stimulations, yet we keep the custom, mainly out of habit and politeness.概要写作 4 Taking a showerTAKING a shower is relaxing. You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you. But did you know that showering can also benefit your mind?Apieceo

19、fresearchbyScottBarryKaufman,a7psychologist from Yale Universityin the US interviewedover 3,000 people around the world.It turnedout thatnearlytwo-thirdsoftheintervieweessaidtheyhadexperienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work.So why does a simple s

20、hower have such magic power?Science can explain it.Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone closely related to our creativity. “People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity ofdopamine ” ,explainedAliceFlaherty,arenownedAmericanneuroscientist. “ Taki

21、ng a warmshower canmake us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopaminelevel rise and bring the“Aha! ” moment to us. ”Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you abreak from what you feel you have been stuck with. Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into t

22、he shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelingsand memories. In this way, accordingto Americanpsychologist Shelley H. Carson, author ofYour CreativeBrain, “a showering hour may turn into anincubation ( 孵化) period for your ideas ”.8Compared with sitting in f

23、ront of a computer, taking ashower is something we do less frequently in our daily lives.When showering, we get a freshexperience with thechange of location, temperature and humidity.“ Newandunexpected experiences can lead to positivechanges inthinking, “ explained Kaufman.“ Getting off the couch aj

24、umping in the shower may create a distance and force youto think from a new point of view”.Showering allows us to enjoy the creative juicesof ourminds, which makes the bathrooman alternativewhereyou get your inspiration. So next time you consider ways to free your mind, count it in.参考答案Showering can

25、 relax your body and free your mind as well. First, relaxation in the shower helps raise the level of dopamine and bring new ideas. Second, showering provides a new, unexpected and fresh experience that can result in positive changes, making it possible to stop thinking about what you are stuck with

26、. Besides, showering can make us think from a new point of view with the change of location, temperature and humidity.概要写作 5 Shopaholics9TV. The Internet. The mall. Everywhere we look, we see advertisements that urge us to buy. In today consumer society, we are under constant pressure to shop. Of co

27、urse, most people only buy what they need and what they can afford. However, there are some people, called shopaholics, who can control th eir desire to spend money and buythings. This kind of addictivebehavior can leadlargefinancial problems, family conflict, and deep unhappiness.Whatare the sympto

28、ms ofa shopaholic? People withthis problem often spend hours and hours shopping on theInternetor at the mall. Theirclosets are full of clothingand jewelry that they have never worn, with the price tagsstill on them. Theirhomes may be packed with shoppingbags and boxes thatthey bought but never used.

29、 Manyshopaholics are aware of theirownproblems, butwhenthey go to a store, they simply can t resist the urge toSome of them are ashamed of theirweakness and try tohide it by storing their purchases in places like the attic(阁楼), where others won tsee them.Psychologists suggest there are several reaso

30、ns for a shopping addiction. For some people, it is a way of relieving stress. For others, shopping is a way to fight loneliness or depression. For people with low self-esteem,10shopping can be a way that they prove their self-worth. Sometimes the problem develops out of boredom. It becomes a replac

31、ement for other hobbies and interests, and it helps pass the time. Although shopping can temporarily make people feel good, they often experience feelings of shame and guilt later.When shopping habits get out of control, people need professional help. They can either see a counselor( 顾问 ) or join an

32、 organization such as Shopaholics Anonymous. Groups like this try to help people understand the reasons for their addiction and learn how to control the urge to shop. Their goal is to help people find ways to fulfill themselves that do not lead to serious debt and troubled lives.参考答案Shopaholics refe

33、r to those who are addicted to shopping whether they need something or whether they can afford something. There are several symptoms of shopaholics. They spend too much time shopping and can resist the desire to buy things, many of which are even never used. Shopaholics do so for different reasons,

34、such as reducing stress, fighting loneliness or depression, proving self-worth, killing boredom or time and so on. Anyhow, professional11help is available if necessary.概要写作 6 Punishing childrenPunishing childrenis a controversialtopic. Everybodyhas different opinions about how to act to correct a ch

35、ild sbehavior. Parents, teachers, doctors, and specialists likepsychologists, have disagreements about whether it is goodfor a child s education to punish him.The word “ punish ”means differentthings to differentpeople. Punishment can be physical or emotional. Physicalpunishment is when the parent h

36、its, slaps or spanks thechild.On the other hand, emotional punishment is when theparent, in order to educate the child, doesn t let hTV, go to play with his friends, or do things like that. The parents doesn t teach him, but still he punishes the child.Although many surveys and studies have been mad

37、e about what the correct way is to raise a child, nobody has the answer or the truth. I think it will be very difficult to findthe answer or get people to agree.I think parents should love their child and give him the best education, but at the same time, they should punish the child if he deserves

38、it. I think if you love your child,12you should be rational when you apply the punishment. It should be reasonable but strict.The parent s goal is to have in the future a good man or woman in society, so sometimes you should do what is necessary to get your child to behave well.参考答案People have mixed

39、 opinions towards punishment to children. ( 要点 1) Punishment can be physical or emotional, but the way they are punished is the key problem. ( 要点 2) As a matter of fact, it is difficult to find the correct way to raise a child. ( 要 点 3) Proper punishment can be instructive and necessary to children

40、if it is reasonable and strict. But love and education are the most important for us to make our kids behave well. ( 要点 4)概要写作 7 Second childMany couples who already have one healthy, happy child, are facing a dilemma, that is, the issue of whether to have a second child or not. They have hard jobs

41、and limited time and money, but they want to make sure that their only child does not become a lonely child. So, what are the advantages and disadvantages of having a second child? That is what so many couples are very much13concerned about and eager to understand.One popular saying is that one chil

42、d means a lonelychild. That s why manyglesi-child parents plan to have asecond child. They feel guilty about their decision to haveonly one child, because there are no otherchildren in thefamily for their onlychild to play with, which maymakethe child feel lonely at times, especially during vacation

43、s. Another common argument against having just onechild is that an only child may be more spoiled than onewith brothers or sisters. If one couple had only one child,the child could not learn to share things with others andare less capable of getting along well with other childrenthan one who grows u

44、p with brothers or sisters.However, in many parts of the world, more and more parents are still choosing not to have a second child because they argue that there are advantages for the child as well as the parents. With just one child, they suggest, there is little chance of family arguments concern

45、ed with children. Besides, as an only child in the family, the child can receive more quality time and attention. This often leads to increased self-respect and independence, which can lead to the child being more confident.Unluckily,there is no simple answer to the question of14whether or not to ha

46、ve a second child. Every family is different, and what is proper for one family may not be for another. The important thing, in the end, is to make a decision that both you and your spouse ( 配 偶 ) feel confident about.参考答案Whether or not to have a second child has put many couples in a dilemma. Some

47、supporters think one child means a lonely and spoiled child. With siblings, children can learn to share and get on well with others. However, some opponents argue that an only child will get more quality time and attention while causing fewer arguments.Still, there is no easy answer to the issue. It

48、 ups to the couple to make a proper decision about it.概要写作 8 Public transportationThere are many benefits of public transportation. For example, public transportation makes it easier for people to get where they want and need to go. It also helps people save money, as the cost of maintaining a worki

49、ng vehicle is often much more than the cost associated with public transportation. The frequency of traffic jams and accidents may also be reduced when a person uses public15transportation.One of the main benefits of public transportation is the fact that it makes it easier for people to get around.

50、 Without public transportation, many people especially those without cars would be limited in where they could go and what they could do. With public transportation, however, people can get to school and work, get to the grocery store and to doctors offices, and visit relatives, even if they do not

51、own vehicles. Public transportation serves people of all ages and from all walks of life, ranging from families, including their children, to business people on their way to the office, to the elderly.Often, people complain about the cost of public transportation when the rates are raised. When comp

52、ared to the cost of buying a car, many people find that choosing to ride public transportation is a much cheaper option.When public transportation is available, many people choose to use it instead of driving to work and school. This is true even of many people who own cars, as they mayprefer to rid

53、e to work on a bus or train rather than deal with traffic jams and parking frustrations each day. When people make this choice, the result is less traffic on the roadways, which means fewer traffic jams and less16pollution. In fact, the choice many people make to ride public transportation may even

54、translate into fewer car accidents and vehicle-related deaths and injuries. Additionally, the use of public transportation also means less gas is consumed each year.参考答案People can benefit a lot from public transportation. (要点 1)First, it enables people to go wherever they want orneedtogo.( 要 点2)Seco

55、ndly,bytakingpublictransportation, people may save a large amount of money.(要点 3) Moreover, it may help reduce many trafficjamsand accidents. ( 要点 4) Finally, the use of transportation isalso an efficient way to decrease the consumption of gas.(要点 5)概要写作 9 Teenagers hearing loss problemOne billion t

56、eenagers and young adults around the world risk losing their hearing by listening to loud music. This is according to the World Health Organization. The U.N. agency is asking young people to turn down the volume to prevent irreversible damage to their hearing.Few things get the blood pumping like go

57、od music. Many people believe louder is better if you are listening to17rock and roll.But experiencing really loud music, even really good music, can have a serious effect on your hearing.Dr. Shelley Chadha is a specialist on hearing damage for the World Health Organization. Dr. Chadha says that the

58、 cells we use to hear, called sensory cells, can be permanently damaged by loud sounds that happen over a long period of time, or are prolonged, and happen regularly, or are habitual.When this exposure is particularly loud or prolonged or habitual, the sensory cells are damaged permanently leading t

59、o irreversible hearing loss.Studies in middle-and high-income countries show nearly 50 percent of teenagers and young adults aged 12 to 35 years listen to unsafe levels of sound. They are listening on their personal audio devices as well as at concerts, night clubs and other entertainment places.But

60、 what is an unsafe level of sound?The WHO says there can be many kinds of unsafe levels of sound. It depends on how loud the sound is and how long you listen to it. Unsafe can mean noise levels of 85 decibels for eight hours a day or 100 decibels for just 15 minutes.18Dr. Chadha told VOA when the in