定语从句讲义 高考英语一轮复习专题八

1、 专题八 定语从句定语是什么？在下面的结构中找出定语China is a developing country. I have nothing to eat.Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.看两个句子：The woman is my aunt. She is hard-working.把这两个句子合成一个句子：_The man is dressed in white. He is a professor.把这两个

2、句子合成一个句子：_（一）一、定语从句的概念1、定语: 是修饰_的词、短语或句子。单个词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_。2、定语从句: 在主从复合句中，修饰某一_词或_词甚至_的从句；定语从句在句中相当于一个_词；被定从修饰的词称为 _。引导定语从句的引导词叫_（绝对没有what）, 具有的三种功能：(1) _一个定语从句(在定语从句开头);(2) _“先行词”(省去从句中对应的he / she / it / them /house );(3) 在定语从句中充当 _ (作主语/宾语/定语/表语/状语)。请在下列句子中找出定语从句。I know y

3、oure dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.3. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom

4、will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. 4. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys.4、引导定语从句的关系词有：_, _, _, _, _, _关系代词：_, _, _5、定语从句的种类：_ 定语从句 _ 定语从句 (不能用_引导)PracticeThe pen _ my uncle gave me is missing.Do not get clos

5、e to the house _ is under repair.He is the man _ wants to see you.4. He is the man _I saw yesterday.5. He is the man _ name is Yao Ming.6. He is the man the name of _ is Yao Ming.7. Id like a room _ window looks out over the sea.8. Id like a room the window of _ looks out over the sea.Summary1. 先行词是

6、人时，用关系代词_ , 在句中作 _, _只做宾语；2. 先行词是物时，用关系代词 _, 在从句中作 _；3.关系代词that, who, whom, which 在定语从句中作_时可以省略 ； 4. whose 在从句中作_，既可指人，也可指物, 表示“某(些)人/物的”。_ +n.=the+n.+of _/_二、注意：在下面几种情况下必须用“that”引导定语从句：1. 先行词是不定代词(all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等)或被不定代词修饰时。All that we have to do is to practice

7、every day. I have read all the book (that) you gave me.2. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。This is the first/best film (that) I have seen since I came here.3. 先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。 This is the only dress that she has. This is the very book that Im looking for.4. 先行词既有人又有物时。如：We were deeply impresse

8、d by the teachers and schools (that) we had visited.Practice 链接高考1. (2020年全国卷) In ancient China lived an artist _ paintings were almost lifelike.2. (2019年全国卷) They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.3. (2018年全国卷) Two of the authors of the review a

9、lso made a study published in 2014 _ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 4. (2019年全国卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.5. (2020全国卷) Understanding her

10、good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.（二）观察以下句子并找出规则：1. The reason for which he could not go there was that his grades was too low.2. The film star about whom we talked a lot yesterday will give us a speech tomorrow.3. The subject at which Xiao Wang is good is

11、 physics.Think about:1.以上句子含有哪种定从？2. 介词从何而来？Summary: 介词 + 关系代词引导的定语从句，关系代词指人常用_; 指物时常用_，而且不能_。Practice 链接高考1. (2016 浙江) Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved.2. (2013重庆) John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family mem

12、bers.3. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, and most of _ are family members.小结：表示部分的词语(代/数)介词关系代词 some/many/both/none/most. + _（三） 1. I know the reason _ he came late. 2. This is the place _ we lived for 5 years. 3. I will never forget the day _ I met Mr. Li. 关系副词的用法关系副词词形先行词在从句中的成分正确选择关系代

13、词/副词 方法：1、找准主句、_ 和 _；2、分析先行词在从句中所做 _;3、选择恰当的 _ 或 _. (先行词在从句中做主、宾、表、定语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, as, whose)；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词( where，when，why) ) 例如：1. This is the mountain village _ I lived last year. This is the mountain village _ I visited last year.I cant forget the days _ I spent in the

14、army.I cant forget the days _ I stayed with the soldiers.The reason _ he gave to me is only an excuse.The reason _ he was absent from the meeting is that his mother was badly ill.Practice 链接高考(2020年全国卷63) Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. 2. (2