2021四川美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试模拟卷

1、第 页2021四川美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试模拟卷本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.Which of the following nursing measures would be most important to decrease the risk of a surgical wound infection in a client with an internal fixation and hip pinningAInserting an indwelling ur

2、inary catheter to prevent possible soiling of the dressing.BAccurately measuring drainage from the surgical drainage tube.CChanging the surgical dressings using strict sterile technique.DMonitoring the incision for signs of redness, swelling, and warmth. 2.A client with myocardial infarction and car

3、diogenic shock is placed in an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP). If the device is functioning properly, the balloon inflates when theAtriseupid valve is closed.Bpulmonic valve is open.Caortic valve is closed.Dmitral valve is closed. 3.Which of the following concepts would the nurse incorporate into

4、the plan of care for a 4-year-old child to psychologically prepare the child for cardiac catheterizationAAnxiety decreases when a preschooler is protected from learning about unpleasant events.BPreschoolers are unable to understand the procedure.CLittle psychological preparation can be given to pres

5、choolers.DPreparation is a joint responsibility of the physician, parents, and nurse. 4.Which pregnancy-related physiologic change would place the client with a history of cardiac disease at the greatest risk for developing severe cardiac problemsADecreased heart rate.BDecreased cardiac output.CIncr

6、eased plasma volume.DIncreased blood pressure. 5.A primigravida at 34 weeks gestation is diagnosed with hydramnios. After delivery of the neonate, a priority for the nurse is to assess the neonate for which problemAKidney disorders.BCardiac defects.CDiabetes mellitus.DEsophageal atresia. 6.While ins

7、pecting the clients chest, the nurse notes that the chest wall contracts on inspiration and bulges on expiration. The nurse suspects which of the following problem from this assessmentAHemothorax.BFlail chest.CPneumothorax.DTension pneumothorax. 7.The nurse is teaching a parent how to administer ant

8、ibiotics at home to a child with acute otitis media. Which statement by the parent indicates that teaching has been successfulAIll give the antibiotics for the full 10-day course of treatment. BIll give the antibiotics until my childs ear pain is gone. CWhenever my child is cranky or pulls on an ear

9、, Ill give a dose of antibiotics. DIf the ear pain is gone, theres no need to see the physician for another ear examination. 8.A client has been placed on levodopa to treat his Parkinsons disease. Which of the following is a common side effect of levodopa that the nurse should include in the clients

10、 teaching planAPancytopenia.BPeptic ulcer.COrthostatic hypotension.DWeight loss. 9.The client asks when he can stop taking the eye medication for his chronic open-angle glaucoma. Which would be the nurses best responseAYou can stop using the eye drops when your vision improves. BYou Need to use the

11、eye drops only when you has symptoms. CYou can discontinue the eye drops after 2 months of normal eye examinations. DYou must use the eye medication for the rest of his life. 10.A client is at risk for developing a pressure ulcer. The first warning of an impending pressure ulcer is when pressure app

12、lied to skin it turnsAwhitish.Byellowish.Cbluish.Dreddish. 11.The nurse should encourage a client with a wound to consume foods high in vitamin C because this vitaminArestores the inflammatory response.Benhances oxygen transport to tissues.Creduces edema.Denhances protein synthesis. 12.A client is r

13、eceiving an IV infusion of dextrose 5% in water and lactated Ringers solution at 125 mL/hr to treat a fluid volume deficit. Which of these signs indicates a need for additional IV fluidsASerum sodium level of 125 mEq/L.BTemperature of 99.6 F(37.6).CNeck vein distention.DDark amber urine. 13.A 22-yea

14、r-old client is diagnosed with dependent personality disorder. Which behavior is most likely to indicate her ineffective copingAInability to make choices and decisions without advice.BShowing interest only in solitary activities.CAvoiding developing relationships.DRecurrent self-destructive behavior

15、 with history of depression. 14.An otherwise healthy adolescent has meningitis and is receiving IV and oral fluids. The nurse should monitor this clients fluid intake because fluid overload may causeAcerebral edema.Bdehydration.Cheart failure.Dhypovolemic shock. 15.If none of the following bed posit

16、ions is contraindicated, which position would be preferred for the client with hypovolemic shockASupine.BSemi-Fowlers.CTrendelenburgs.DSupine with the legs elevated 15 degrees. 16.Which of the following laboratory tests should be monitored closely by the nurse while the client is receiving heparin t

17、herapyAInternational normalized ratio (INR).BActivated partial thromboplastin time (APTT).CProthrombin time (PT).DThrombin time. 17.The mother of a 4-year-old asks about dental care for her child. I help brush her teeth every day and her teeth look healthy. When should I take her to see a dentist Wh

18、ich of the following responses would be most appropriateABecause you help brush her teeth, theres no need to see a dentist right now. BIdeally she should have seen a dentist already, but its still not too late. CYour child doesnt need to see the dentist until she starts school. DA dental checkup is

19、a good idea even if no problems are noticeable. 18.When caring for a client during the second stage of labor, which action would be least appropriateAAssisting the client with pushing.BEnsuring the clients legs are positioned appropriately.CAllowing the client clear liquids.DMonitoring the fetal hea

20、rt rate. 19.When caring for a client during the second stage of labor, which action would be least appropriateAAssisting the client with pushing.BEnsuring the clients legs are positioned appropriately.CAllowing the client clear liquids.DMonitoring the fetal heart rate. 20.Which of the following woul

21、d the nurse expect to find in a client diagnosed with hyperparathyroidismAHypocalcemia.BHypercalcemia.CHyperphosphatemia.DHypophosphaturia. 21.After a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) a client develops aphasia. Which assessment finding is most typical in aphasiaAArm and leg weakness.BAbsence of the ga

22、g reflex.CDifficulty swallowing.DInability to speak clearly. 22.During a shock state, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system exerts which effect on renal functionADecreased urine output, increased reabsorption of sodium and water.BDecreased urine output, decreased reabsorption of sodium and water.

23、CIncreased urine output, increased reabsorption of sodium and water.DIncreased urine output, decreased reabsorption of sodium and water. 23.A client reports substernal chest pain. Test results show electrocardiograph changes and an elevated cardiac troponin level. Which of the following should be th

24、e focus of nursing careAImproving myocardial oxygenation and reducing cardiac workload.BConfirming a suspected diagnosis and preventing complications.CReducing anxiety and relieving pain.DEliminating stressors and providing a nondemanding environment. 24.Sedative-hypnotic drugs are used to treat whi

25、ch of the following problemsAHallucinations and delusions.BAnxiety and insomnia.CObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).DAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 25.Which of the following is NOT a contributory factor to thermoregulation in the preterm neonateAImmature central nervous system (CN

26、S).BLarge skin surface area.CLack of subcutaneous (SC) and brown fat.DTendency toward capillary fragility. 26.To prevent external rotation of the clients hips while he is lying on his back, it would be best for the nurse to placeAfirm pillows under the length of his legs.Bsandbags alongside his legs

27、 from knees to ankles.Ctroehanter rolls alongside his legs from ilium to midthigh.Da footboard that supports his feet in the normal anatomic position. 27.The client with a total laryngectomy receives tube feedings to meet his fluid and nutrition needs. The nurse explains to the client that the purpo

28、se of the tube feedings is toAprevent pain from swallowing.Bprevent fistula development.Censure adequate intake.Dallow for adequate suture line healing. 28.For a client with suspected increased intracranial pressure (ICP), a most appropriate respiratory goal is toAprevent respiratory alkalosis.Blowe

29、r arterial pH.Cpromote carbon dioxide elimination.Dmaintain partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) above 80 mmHg. 29.A client who has been admitted to the emergency room is restless and agitated, has dry mucous membranes, and is complaining of intense thirst. The nurse suspects which of the foll

30、owing electrolyte imbalancesAHypokalemia.BHypercalcemia.CHypomagnesemia.DHypernatremia. 30.A certified nursing assistant (CNA) is caring for a client with Clostridium difficile diarrhea and asks the charge nurse, How can I keep from catching this from the client The nurse reminds the CNA to wash her

31、 hands and to ensure the client is placedAon protective isolation.Bon neutropenic precautions.Cin a negative-pressure room.Don contact isolation. 31.A client is recovering from a gastric resection for peptic ulcer disease. Which of the following outcomes indicates that the goal of adequate nutrition

32、al intake is being achieved 3 weeks following surgeryAIncreases food intake and tolerance gradually.BExperiences occasional episodes of nausea and vomiting.CExperiences a rapid weight gain within 1 week.DDrinks 2000 mL/day of water. 32.A client with a long history of ulcerative colitis takes sulfasa

33、lazine (Azulfidine) to control the condition. The nurse would anticipate the client to have which nutritional deficit that can occur as a result of taking this drugAColbalamin.BFolic acid.CNiacin.DIron. 33.Which of the following should the nurse include in a postoperative teaching plan for a client

34、with a laryngectomyATelling the client to speak by covering the stoma with a sterile gauze pad.BReassuring the client that normal eating will be possible after healing has occurred.CInstructing the client to avoid coughing until the sutures are removed.DInstructing the client to control oral secreti

35、ons by swabbing them with tissues or by expectorating into an emesis basin. 34.Physical assessment findings in the eyes of elderly people may includeAdecreased lens thickness.Bdecreased visual acuity.Clightening of the skin around the orbits.Dunequal pupillary light reflex. 35.Which of the following

36、 is the nurses goal in crisis interventionATo provide medication to sedate the client.BTo provide nondirective techniques such as free association.CTo provide problem-solving techniques and structured activities.DTo provide an insight-oriented analytic approach. 36.The nurse is reviewing discharge i

37、nstructions with a client after an uncomplicated delivery. Which of the following symptoms is LEAST important in characterizing postpartum depressionACrying easily and feeling despondent.BLoss of appetite and anxiety.CAltered body image.DDifficulty sleeping and poor concentration. 37.The nurse asses

38、ses the clients burned right arm and notes increasing edema, absence of a radial pulse, and decreased sensation in the fingers. What should be the nurses priority responseADocument findings and recheck in 1 hour.BElevate extremity on one pillow.CImplement passive range-of-motion exercises.DNotify th

39、e physician immediately. 38.The nurse is caring for a 40-year-old client. Which behavior by the client indicates adult cognitive developmentAHas perceptions based on reality.BAssumes responsibility for actions.CGenerates new levels of awareness.DHas maximum ability to solve problems and learn new sk

40、ills. 39.Which of the following serum electrolyte levels would the nurse expect to find in an infant with persistent vomitingAK+, 3.2 mEq/L; Cl-, 92 mEq/L; Na+, 120 mEq/L.BK+, 3.4 mEq/L; Cl-, 120 mEq/L; Na+, 140 mEq/L.CK+, 3.5 mEq/L; Cl-, 90 mEq/L; Na+, 145 mEq/L.DK+, 5.5 mEq/L; Cl-, 110 mEq/L; Na+,

41、 130 mEq/L. 40.The nurse is caring a client in an acute care mental health program. The client refuses his morning dose of an oral antipsychotic medication and believes hes being poisoned. What should the nurse doACrushing the medication and putting it in his food.BConsulting with the physician abou

42、t a plan of care.CAdministering the medication by injection.DOmitting the dose and trying again the next day. 41.Which of the following would the nurse interpret as indicating that a child is receiving too much intravenous fluid too rapidlyAMarked increase in abdominal girth.BEvidence of protein in

43、the urine.CDark amber colored urine.DMoist crackles in the lung fields. 42.The nurse uses 30 mL of solution to irrigate a nasogastric tube and notes that 20 mL returns promptly into the drainage container. When the nurse records the results of the irrigation, how much solution should be recorded as

44、intakeA10mL.B20mL.C30mL.D50mL. 43.One nurse strongly believes that all psychiatric medication is a form of chemical mind control. When the clients wife asks about the efficacy of antidepressant medications, which of the following courses of action would be best for this nurse to takeAGive an honest

45、opinion of the treatment.BExplain that there are not enough current statistics about the efficacy of the treatment.CProvide a package insert for the wife to read.DRefer the clients wife to another knowledgeable person for information about the treatment. 44.Three weeks after the application of the s

46、pica cast following surgery for an infant, the mother told the nurse that the infants toes are swollen and cool to the touch. Which of the following would the nurses suspectACotton wadding lining of the cast has shrunk.BAn infection has developed under the cast.CChilds feet were in a dependent posit

47、ion.DChild has outgrown the spica cast. 45.The nurse is preparing an elderly client to get out of bed on the first postoperative day after a total hip replacement. Which of the following activities would be most helpful to the clientADemonstrate the use of a walker with partial weight bearing.BExpla

48、in to the client that she will be lifted out of bed to a chair.CReassure the client that she will be assisted to walk to the hall.DDemonstrate the swing-through crutch-walking gait with limited weight hearing. 46.The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following would be an