高中英语 现在分词与过去分词区别课件 牛津选修9

1、2021/8/11 星期三1高考语法复习非谓语动词2021/8/11 星期三2非谓语不定式 (to) do 分词动名词（-ing)过去分词(-ed)现在分词(-ing)非谓语动词分类动词-ing形式2021/8/11 星期三3不定式主语宾语表语宾补定语状语动名词主语宾语表语定语分词表语宾补定语状语2021/8/11 星期三4现在分词与过去分词 的区别非谓语动词复习2021/8/11 星期三51、作定语时单个的分词作定语时一般前置（位于被修饰的词之前），分词短语作定语时后置。Do you know the crying boy?Do you know the boy crying under t

2、he tree?We are trying our best to catch up with the developed country.The students are discussing a book written by LuXun.2021/8/11 星期三61、作定语时The meeting held last week is very important.2.Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise.3. They lived in a room facing the south.4. I hate to

3、 see letters written in pencil.被动关系被动关系主动关系主动关系2021/8/11 星期三7Whats the difference between -ing and ed form used as an attributive? Reflection 12021/8/11 星期三8现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生或与谓语动作同时（或基本同时）发生，与所修饰的词是主动关系或主谓关系及物动词的过去分词作定语表完成或被动的动作，与所修饰的词是被动关系或动宾关系；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成不表被动的动作。Tipsa retired worker 退休工人2021/

4、8/11 星期三9练习1. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps _ from the library.（10 全国1）to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing2. There is a great deal of evidence _ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.（09浙江）A. indicateB. indicating C. to indicateD. to be indicating3.

5、 With the governments aid, those _ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. （09上海）A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. were affected 2021/8/11 星期三104. (2008上海卷) Throughout history, the language _ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to b

6、e spoken5(2011 江苏）Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared2021/8/11 星期三112、作表语时（跟在系动词后）现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人的”，过去分词表示“感到”.常见的分词有：amazed / amazing, excited /

7、 exciting, bored / boring, annoyed / annoying, interested / interesting, pleased / pleasing, tired / tiring, surprised / surprising, worried/ worrying , satisfied / satisfying, amused / amusing2021/8/11 星期三12例如：The news was exciting. He appeared satisfied with my answer.练习It is believed that if a bo

8、ok is_ ,it will surely _the reader.(03上海) A.interested ; interest B. interesting ; be interested C. interested ; be interesting D. interesting ; interest 2021/8/11 星期三133、作宾语补足语时取决于分词与宾语的关系：主动关系，用doing被动关系，用done。 例如1.I found them painting the windows. 2. I found the windows painted. 主动关系被动关系（现在分词表主动

9、、进行）（过去分词表被动、完成）2021/8/11 星期三14练习：1. They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly. （09全国2）being run B. run C. to run D. running 3. (2007 上海卷)After a knock at the door, the child heard his mothers voice _ him. A. calling B. called C. being called D. to call2021/8/11 星期三154.(2005天津卷)You should unde

10、rstand the traffic rule by now. Youve had it _ often enough. A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D.explained 5. (2007 福建卷) Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _in a short period. A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve 6（2011江苏） You look upset. Wha

11、ts the matter？ I had my proposal _ again.Aturned over Bturned on Cturned off Dturned down2021/8/11 星期三164、作状语时Seen from the moon, the earth looks like a blue ball.Seeing nobody at home , he left.被动关系主动关系分词的选取：取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主动关系，用 doing 被动关系，用 done2021/8/11 星期三17练习：1. It rained heavily in the south,_

12、serious flooding in several provinces.（10天津）caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 2 _the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.（10上海）Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached3. _at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.（10

13、北京）A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked2021/8/11 星期三181 . _ in the queue for half an hour , Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home (04 北京) A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited 注意2021/8/11 星期三192).现在分词的一般式与完成式：一般式：doing 表示非谓语动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生。完成式：having done 表示非谓

14、语动作与谓语动作有着先后顺序 。分析：句意：这位生意人因遭受了重大损失，便失去了把生意进展下去的勇气。分词的动作先于谓语的动作，所以使用了完成式练习1.(2005全国卷I) The storm left ,_a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused例如： Having suffered such heavy loss, the businessman didnt have the courage to go on .2021/8/11 星期三203._ the p

15、rogramme, they have to stay there for another two weeks .(04 广东)ANot completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed 2021/8/11 星期三21练习1.Watching television ,_ .(05 全国) A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings2

16、. Faced with a bill for $ 10,000, .（06陕西） AJohn has taken an extra job Bthe boss has given John an extra job Can extra job has been taken Dan extra job has been given to John2021/8/11 星期三223).分词作状语的基本原则：分词作状语时， 分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。当非谓语动作的主语不是句子的主语时，必须加上其自己的逻辑主语，这种结构成为独立主格结构。如： Spring coming, the fie

17、lds are full of life.再如：The boss being ill, the meeting was put off.Weather permitting ,we will go out for a spring outing.因为coming的逻辑主语，并不是the fields ，应补上它的逻辑主语spring， 2021/8/11 星期三23练习：1. Many students _ around, I explained the story into details.（07 重庆） A. stood B. standing C. to stand D. were st

18、anding2.There _ nothing to talk about , every one in the room remained silent . A. was B. had C. being D. having3. Everything _ into consideration , they believed themselves more and returned to their position. A. to taken B. taken C. to be taken D. taking 2021/8/11 星期三245）独立成分作状语有些分词作状语时，起形式的选用不收上下

19、文的影响，称作独立成分或插入语。常见的有：generally / frankly/ strictly speaking 一般而言/坦率地说/ 严格地说judging from /by 根据来判断considering / taking into consideration考虑到；鉴于supposing / providing /provided that 如果compared with/to 与相比 例如 Judging from his accent ,he is from the south . Considering your health , you d better have a r

20、est .2021/8/11 星期三25非谓语动词解题四大步骤2021/8/11 星期三26（一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”（如果是非谓语，判断所充当的成分）_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was toldC_A注意连词2021/8/11 星期三273.It _ a hot day, wed

21、better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意标点符号2021/8/11 星期三28 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。（二）找逻辑主语1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the wa

22、y.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语； 作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语； 作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。2021/8/11 星期三29 A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD BEverythingthey1._ everything into consideration, they