16-20经济法英语突破班讲义

1、Lecture Six: Negotiable Instruments Law&Contract第六讲 票据法与合同法LawContract Law/合同法.Basic words &phrases（基础词汇与短语） obligee 债权人obligor人offer 要约acceptance 承诺an inviion to offer 要约邀请withdraw 撤回revoke 撤销es effective 生效standard terms 格式条款rson with limited civil capacity 限制民事行为能力人a sutory represenive 法定人A bona

2、fide countart 善意相对人rson having no right to dis properties 无权处分al of property dises ofothersonsthe principle of good faith 诚实信用原则subject matter 标的ty 数量quality 质量price or remuneration 价款或者time, place and method of performance 履行期限、地点和方式subrogation 代位权 modify 合同变更 assign 合同转让 terminate 合同终止performance

3、of obligations 履行合同rescind 合同解除offset against each other 抵销deit the object 提存exempt 免除liability for breach of contract 违约责任paying rights/de.a deit 定金it to the other party as the guaranty forthecreditorsof Contract 订立合同1.establishment of the contract/合同成立(the offeree accept the offer)（1）offer 要约An of

4、fer效。(Art. 16）es effective when it reaches the offeree.要约到达受要约人时生An offer may be withdrawn. The notice of withdrawal shall reach the offereebefore or at the same time as the offer. 要约可以撤回。撤回要约到达受要约人之前或者与要约同时到达受要约人。(Art. 17）应当在要约An offer may be revoked. The notice of revocation shall reach the offere

5、e beforeis dispatched a notice of acceptance. 要约可以撤销。撤销要约应当在受要约人发出承诺通知之前到达受要约人。(Art. 18）An offer may not be revoked: (1) if it expressly indicates, whether by s ing a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise, t it is irrevocable;(2)if the offeree has reason to regard the offer as irrevocable, and has

6、undertaken preparation for performance. 有下列情形之一的，要约不得撤销：（一）要约人确定了承诺期限或者以其他形式明示要约不可撤销；（二）受要约人有理由认为要约是不可撤销的，并已经为履行合同作了准备工作。(Art. 19）（2）acceptance 承诺An acceptancees effective when its notice reaches the offeror.承诺通知到达要约人时生效。(Art. 26）The contents of an acceptanhall comply with those of the offer. If the

7、offeree substantially modifies the contents of the offer, it shall constitute a newoffer. The modification relating to the subject matter, quality,ty, priceor remuneration, time or place or method of performance, liabilities for breach of contract and method of dispute resolution, etc. shall constit

8、ute the substantial modification of an offer.承诺的内容应当与要约的内容一致。受要约人对要约的内容作出实质性变更的，为新要约。有关合同标的、数量、质量、价款或者、履行期限、履行地点和方式、违约责任和解决争议方法等的变更，是对要约内容的实质性变更。(Art.30）Where a contract is to be concluded in written form as required by relevant laws and administrative regulations or as agreed by the parties, and th

9、e parties failed to conclude the contract in written form, but one party has performed theprincipal obligation and the otharty has accepted it, the contract is established.法律、行政规定或者当事人约定采面形式订立合同，当事人未采面形式但一方已经履行主要义务，对方接受的，该合同成立。(Art. 36）（3）culpa in contrahendo 缔约过失责任The party shall be liable for dama

10、ges if it is under one of the followingcircumstanin concluding a contract and thus causing losses to the otharty:当事人在订立合同过程中有下列情形之一，给对方造成损失的，应当承担损害赔偿责任：disguising and pretending to conclude a contract, and negotiating in bad faith;假借订立合同，进行磋商；concealing deliberay the important facts relating to theo

11、f thecontract or providing delibera要事实或者提供虚假情况；y false information;故意隐瞒与订立合同有关的重performing other acts which violate the principle of good faith.有其他违背诚实信用原则的行为。(Art. 42）2.Validity of Contracts 合同的效力(1)valid contracts 有效合同The contract established according to lawes effective upon itsestablishment.依法成立

12、的合同，自成立时生效。With regard to contractst are subject to approval or registration asstipulated by relevant laws or administrative regulations, the provis thereofshall be followed.法律、行政规定应当办理批准、登记等手续生效的，依照其规定。(Art. 44）(2)null and void contracts 无效合同A contract shall be null and void under any of the follow

13、ing circumstan:有下列情形之一的，合同无效：A contract is concluded through the use of fraud or coercion by one party todamage theerests of the Se;一方以、胁迫段订立合同，损害国家利益；Malicious colluis conducted to damage theerests of the Se, acollective or a third party;An illegitimate pur以合法形式掩盖目的；Damaging the public串通，损害国家、集体或者第

14、三人利益；is concealed under the guise of legitimate acts;eerests;损害社会公共利益； Violating the compulsory provis of the laws and administrativeregulations.法律、行政的强制性规定。(Art. 52)The following immunity clauses in a contract shall be null and void:合同中的下列免责条款无效：thosethoset causeal injury to the otharty;造成对方人身的；t c

15、ause property damages to the otharty as a result of deliberate损失的。(Art. 53）entross fault.因故意或者过失造成对方(3)revocable contracts 可撤销合同A party shall have the right to request the peoples court or an arbitration institution to modify or revoke the following contracts:下列合同，当事人一请求或者仲裁机构变更或者撤销：those concluded

16、as a result of serious misunderstanding;因误解订立的；thoset are obviously unfair at the time when concluding the contract.在订立合同时显失公平的。If a contract is concluded by one party against the othartys trueentionsthrough the use of fraud, coercion or exploiion of the othartys unfavorableition, the injured party

17、shall have the right to request the peoples court oran arbitration institution to modify or revoke it.一方以、胁迫段或者乘人之危，使对方在违背真实意思的情况下订立的合同，或者仲裁机构变更或者撤销。受损害请求Where a party requests for modification, the peoples court or the arbitrationinstitution may not revoke the contract.当事人请求变更的，得撤销。(4)standard term

18、s 格式条款或者仲裁机构不Where standard terms are adopted in concluding a contract, the party supplyingthe standard terms shall define the rights and obligations betn the partiesabiding by the principle oirness, and shall inform the otharty to note theexcluor restriction of its liabilities in a reasonable way,

19、and shall explainthe standard terms upon request by the otharty.采用格式条款订立合同的，提供格式条款的一方应当遵循公平原则确定当事人之间的权利和义务，并采取合理的方式提请对方注意免除或者限制其责任的条款，按照对方的要求，对该条款予以说明。(Art. 36）When standard terms are under the circumstanstipulated in Articles 52 and53 of this Law,or the party whichs the standard terms exempts itsel

20、f fromits liabilities, increases the liabilities of the otharty, and deprives thematerial rights of the otharty, the terms shall be invalid.格式条款具有本法第五十二条和第五十三条规定情形的，或者提供格式条款一方免除其责任、加重对方责任、排除对方主利的，该条款无效。(Art. 40）If a dispute over the understanding of the standard terms occurs, it shall bereted in acc

21、ordance with common understanding. Where there are two or morekinds ofreion, anreion unfavorable to the party supplying the Where the standard terms are inconsistent withshall prevail.对格式条款的理解发生争议的，应当按standard terms shall prevail.non-standard terms, the latter照通常理解予以解释。对格式条款有两种以上解释的，应当作出不利于提供格式条款一方的

22、解释。格式条款和非格式条款不一致的，应当采用非格式条款。(Art. 41）.Performance of Contracts 合同的履行Each party shall fully perform its own obligations as agreed upon.当事人应当按照约定全面履行自己的义务。(Art. 60）Right to defense 抗辩权If both parties have obligations towards each other and there is no order of priority in respect of the performance of

23、 obligations, the parties shall performthe obligations simultaneously. One party has the right to reject the othrequest for performance before the othartys performance.artysOne party has the right to reject the othartys corresponding request forperformance if the othartys performance does not meet t

24、he terms of the contract.当事人互负，没有先后履行顺序的，应当同时履行。一方在对方履行之前其履行要求。一方在对方履行不符合约定时，其相应的履行要求。(Art. 66）Where both parties have obligations towards each other and there has been anorder of priority in respect of the performance, and the party which shall renderits performanceits performance lahas not rendere

25、d the performance, the party whiay rendery has the right to reject the other partys request forperformance. Where the party which shall render its performanceterms of a contract while fulfilling the obligations, the party whiviolates theay renderits performance lay has the right to reject the othart

26、ys correspondingrequest for performance.当事人互负，有先后履行顺序，先履行一方未履行的，后履行一其履行要求。先履行一方履行不符合约定的，后履行一其相应的履行要求。(Art. 67）One party, which shall render its performance, may suspend its performance,if is conclusive evidencet the otharty is under any of the followingcircumstan:应当先履行止履行：的当事人，有确切证明对方有下列情形之一的，可以中(1) Its business conditions are seriously deteriorating;经营状况严重；(2) It moves away its property and takes out its capital secretly to evade debt