直接引语变间接引语高中版整理

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业直接引语间接引语一、概念在日常交流中，有时我们需要引述别人的话。直接引用别人的原话（放在引号内）就是直接引语，用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。二、直接引语转换成间接引语时，间接引语多为带宾语从句的主从复合句，转移过程应注意下列变化：1）动词 间接引语主句动词主要有say, ask,tell 等。如： He said to mum, “I can do house work for you.”He told mum that he could do housework

2、for her.She said to me, “Do you like milk?”She asked me if I liked milk.2) 句式/连词直接引语间接引语陈述句say+that从句 tell+sb. +that从句疑问句一般疑问句ask/wonder+whether/ if+从句选择疑问句ask/wonder+whether+or/or not反意疑问句ask/wonder+whether/if +从句特殊疑问句ask+sb.+特殊疑问词+从句祈使句ask/tell/advice/+sb.+(not)to do sthsuggest that+从句感叹句What或that

3、引导例子：陈述句：She said to me I will came back an hour ago. She told me (she said to me)that she had come back an hour before.一般疑问句：She said ,Are you going interested in English.He ask (me) if /whether I was interested in English.选择疑问句： I asked him, “will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?I ask him

4、 whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night.反意疑问句：Youve already got well,havent you? she asked.She asked whether /if he (I ) had already got well.特殊疑问句： He ask me ,Whats your name?He asked me what my name was.如果在直接引语的特殊疑问句中，疑问句做主语或主语的修饰语，则语序不需要变化.who can answer my question? the teacher

5、 said to us.The teacher asked us who could answer the question.whose picture is the most beautiful in your class? asked the boys father.The boys father asked him whose picture was the most beautiful in his class.祈使句：He said to me shut the window,pleaseHe ask me to shut the window.He said,Dont make s

6、o much noiseHe told us not to make so much noise.Lets go to the cinema.Tom said.Tom suggested that they should go to the cinema.感叹句：She said,What a lovely day it is!She said what a lovely day it was.She said that it was a lovely day.He said,How interesting the story is!She said how interesting the s

7、tory was.He said that the story was interesting.三、直接引语转换成间接引语“闯五关”第一关：人称代词与指示代词直接引语变间接引语时，要注意人称代词和指示代词的变化。要根据说话的对象进行人称的变化，并使句子的意思前后一致。如：“You should be careful next time，”my father said to me.My father told me that I should be careful next time.Tom said to me, “ I can help you with your English.”Tom

8、told me that he could help me with my English.He said, “This book isnt mine.”He said that book wasnt his.代词人称人称的变化“一主、二宾、三不变”。 意为在改为间接引语时，直接引语里的第一人称照主句的主语变化。第二人称看主语的宾语而变化，第三人称无需变化。直接引语第一人称第二人称第三人称间接引语与主语一致与宾语一致不变试比较：Tom said to Kate , Are you going there with me?Tom ask kate if she was going with hi

9、m.第一人称me随主语Tom变化为him,，第二人称you随Kate变化为she。kate said to Tom , Are you going there with me?Kate ask Tom if he was going with her.第一人称me随主语Kate变化为her,第二人称you随宾语Tom变成he。I said to Tom , Are you going there with me?i ask Tom if he was going with me.第一人称me随主语I 变化，第二人称you随Tom变化为he.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、方向性动词的变化类别直接

10、引语间接引语指示代词thisthatthesethose时间状语nowthentodaythat daythis evening/ tonightthat evening/ that nightyesterdaythe day beforethree days agothree days beforenext weekthe next weektomorrowthe next day地点状语herethere方向性动词comegobringtake第二关：引导词 1. 如果直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要用连词that来引导。如：She said, “Im very glad to hav

11、e such a chance.”She said that she was very glad to have such a chance. 2. 如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用连词if或whether引导。如：He asked me, “Do you like the film?”He asked me if/whether I liked the film.3. 如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要用相应的疑问词引导。如：My sister asked me, “What are you doing?”My sister asked me what I was d

12、oing.第三关：时间状语和地点状语直接引语变间接引语时，时间状语和地点状语等要做相应的变化。如把now改为then, today改为that day, yesterday改为the day before, ago改为before, tomorrow改为the next day, here改为there等。如：He said, “Ill go there today.”He said that he would go there that day.注意：如果当地转述，here不必改为there,动词come 不用改成go,如果当天转述，yesterday，tomorrow也不用改变。Kate

13、said, I will come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.Kate said that she would go there the next day to help those student with their English.Kate said that shewill come here tomorrow to help these children with their English.（在当天当地转述）第四关：时态的变化直接引语变间接引语时，如果主句为现在（或将来）时态，间接引语的时态不变；

14、如果主句为过去时态，间接引语中的谓语动词也要相应地用过去时态。如：He says, “I am going to Beijing tomorrow.”He says that he is going to Beijing tomorrow.2. She said to me, “Li Ping will come tomorrow.”She told me that Li Ping would come the next day.温馨提示：如果转述的内容是客观真理时，自然现象或是谚语、格言时态不变。如：He said, “Water boils at 100.” He said that wa

15、ter boils at 100.主句（直接引语）是一般现在时，间接引语时态不变；主句是一般过去时，间接引语时态要改为相应的过去时。直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时第五关：句子结构的变化直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语要用陈述句的语序。引导词要放在间接引语的最前面，接下来按“主谓宾”顺序排列。即：直接引语转换成间接引语时用陈述语序He asked Mike, “Where did you go?”He asked Mike where he had gone.练习：I.请选出正确的答案：1. “Youve alr

16、eady got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _.A. if I have already got well, hadnt youB. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got well D. had I already got well.2. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”He asked me _.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I

17、a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _.A. how am I getting alongB. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along4. He asked m

18、e _ with me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. whats the matter D. what was the matter5. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again.A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont doC. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do6.Canyoumakesure_? A.thathewillcomeheretoday B.whenhewillcom

19、eheretoday C.willhecomeheretoday D.whetherwillhecomeheretoday7.Doyouhappentoknow_? A.whereisheraddress B.inwhichplaceisheraddress C.whatheraddressis D.theplaceheraddressis8.Excuseme,butcanyoutellme_? A.wherecanIgettothelibrary B.whereIcangettothelibrary C.howcanIgettothelibrary D.howIcangettothelibr

20、ary9.Johnaskedme_tovisithisunclesfarmwithhim. A.howwouldIlike B.ifornotwouldIlike C.whetherIwouldlike D.whichIwouldlike10.Idliketoknow_Chinese. A.whenhebegantolearn B.whendidhebegintolearn C.whendidhebeginlearning D.forhowlonghebegantolearn II.将下列句子变为间接引语：1.“Youshouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”hisfather

21、saidtohim.2.Mr. Wangsaid, “IwillleaveforShanghaionbusinessnextmonth,children”3.“Ihaventheardfrommyparentsthesedays,”saidMary.4.Thegeographyteachersaidtous,“Themoonmovesaroundtheearthandtheearthgoesroundthesun.”5.Shesaidtohim,“Itstimethatyoulefthere.”6.ZhangHongsaidtome,“DoctorWangpassedawayin1948.”7

22、.Johnsaidtohisparents,“Ihadlearned500Chinesewordsbytheendoflastterm.”8.Thehistoryteachersaidtothem,“TheChineseCommunistPartywasfoundedonJuly1st,1921.”9.Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”10.“HaveyouanythinginterestingIcanread,George?”shesaid.答案：I.15BCCDD610ACDCAII.1.Hisfathertoldhimthatheshouldbemorecarefulthe

23、nexttime.2.Mr.WangtoldthechildrenthathewouldleaveforShanghaionbusinessthenextmonth.3.Marysaidthatshehadntheardfromherparentsthosedays.4.Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearthandtheearthgoesroundthesun.5.Shetoldhimthatitwastimethatheleftthere.6.ZhangHongtoldmethatDoctorWangpassedaway

24、in1948.7.Johntoldhisparentsthathehadlearned500Chinesewordsbytheendoflastterm.8.ThehistoryteachertoldthemthattheChineseCommunistPartywasfoundedonJuly1st,1929.HeaskedwhetherIwasastudent.10.SheaskedGeorgeifhehadanythinginterestingshecouldread.一、将下列句子变为间接引语：1.“Shesheretoaskforhelp,isntshe?”heasked.2.“Whereareyougoing?”thefatheraskedhisson.3.“Areyousorryforwhatyouhavedone?” themo