现在分词和过去分词讲解讲义-高三英语一轮复习

1、现在分词和过去分词详解一.分词的分类 现在分词doing过去分词done二.分词的时态主动被动现在分词doing being donehaving done having being done过去分词done否认式：分词前加not三.现在分词用法1.现在分词（短语）的用法：1）做表语Interesting, moving, touching, confusing, excitingThe book is interesting.2）做定语单个的现在分词前置做定语。It is a moving story.现在分词短语要后置做定语。也可改写成定语从句。Most people living her

2、e are teachers.Most people who are living here are teachers.3）做状语选择现在分词做状语，主句的主语一定是该分词的逻辑主语，即分词的动作也是主句主语发 出的动作。如果分词的主语和主句的主语不一致，即分词有自己的主语，那就要用独立主格 结构。表时间Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up.她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了 过来。Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。A

3、sked why he came late, he said that got up late.Walking in the street, i saw him. = when /while i was walking in the street, I saw him. 当主从句主 语一致时,可以省略掉 i was 即：when walking in the street, I saw him.当从句和主句主语不一致时，不可省略。When/ while he was talking in the street, i saw him.表原因Not knowing her address, I w

4、asnt able to contact her.Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover.Being ill, she stayed at home.= because she was ill, she stayed at home.Moved by their speech, I was at a loss what to say.被他们的发言感动，我不知说什么好。表条件Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective.及时吃，这药会很有效的。Sit down,

5、 Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on yourfeet.坐下吧，埃玛。你老站着，只会弄得你更累。Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generallysuppose .如从这个角度看,问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。表让步Although living miles away, he attended the course.虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。Defeated, he remained a popular boxer.虽然被

6、击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。表方式He earns a living driving a truck.他靠开卡车谋取生。Im returning you letter as requested.我按要求给你退信。表伴随I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry.He sat on chairs, singing songs.They came in, followed by their wives.他们走了进来，后面跟着他们的妻子。Trains in this country spend too much

7、time stopped, waiting for other trains.火车在这个国家里停留等待其他火车的时间太长了。表结果It rained heavily, causing severe flooding in that country.大雨滂沱,造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。She was so angry that she threw her new doll on the floor breaking it intopieces.她大怒，把她新买的娃娃扔在地上，摔得粉碎。做宾语补足语.在感官动词后做宾补。See, watch, feel,hearoI saw him swimming

8、.在使役动词后做宾补。Keep. Have, leave getHave sb do /have sb doingHave sth done.四.过去分词的用法：过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式。过去分词用法如下：.作定语 和现在分词作定语的用法相同。作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在名词的 前面;如果是过去分词短语，要放在名词的后面。The man-made plane is cool.The book bought yesterday by him is very interesting.,作表语They are interested in the movie.作宾语补足语I want to have my hair cut today.Do you need to get your bike repaired?.作状语时间； Faced with diverticulitis, we should not withdraw.原因: written in a hurry, the article is not so good.条