伦敦塔桥中英文简介课件

1、Tower BridgeTower Bridge(built 18861894) is a combinedbasculeandsuspension bridgeinLondon, England which crosses theRiver Thames. It is close to theTower of London, from which it takes its name, and has become aniconic symbolof London.塔桥（内置18861894）是伦敦的一个组合式结构，悬索桥，英格兰横跨泰晤士河。它靠近伦敦塔而得名，并已成为伦敦的一个标志性的符号

2、。A Special Bridge or Subway Committee was formed in 1877, chaired by Sir Albert Joseph Altman, to find a solution to the river crossing problem. It opened the design of the crossing to public competition. Over 50 designs were submitted, including one from civil engineer Sir Joseph Bazalgette. The ev

3、aluation of the designs was surrounded by controversy, and it was not until 1884 that a design submitted by Sir Horace Jones, the City Architect (who was also one of the judges),3 was approved.Jones engineer, Sir John Wolfe Barry, devised the idea of a bascule bridge with two bridge towers built on

4、piers. The central span was split into two equal bascules or leaves, which could be raised to allow river traffic to pass. The two side-spans were suspension bridges, with the suspension rods anchored both at the abutments and through rods contained within the bridges upper walkways琼斯的设计是一座244米长的开启桥

5、，桥有两个桥塔，每个塔高65米。桥的中部长61米，分为上下2层。上层高而窄，可作为人行道。下层是主通道，分为两扇桥段，每扇可以竖起到83度来让河流交通通过。这两扇桥段各重上千吨，它们的轴位于它们的重心上来减小它们起升时所需要的力，它们可以在一分钟内升起。一开始这个升降装置是液压的，为此它有六个水库来产生高压水。蒸汽机把水从水库泵入液压装置。今天桥是用电动机来升降的，但过去的蒸汽机机构依然保留可供参观Construction started in 1887 and took eight years with five major contractors and employed 432 cons

6、truction workers. E W Crutwell was the resident engineer for the construction.Construction1886年伦敦塔桥开建，建造共历时8年，5个主要建筑公司和共432建筑工人参与工程Two massive piers, containing over 70,000 tons of concrete, were sunk into the riverbed to support the construction. Over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework for

7、 the towers and walkways. This was then clad in Cornish granite and Portland stone, both to protect the underlying steelwork and to give the bridge a pleasing appearance两座坚固的桥墩共使用了70,000吨水泥，桥塔和桥身共用了1.1万吨钢铁。桥塔和桥身的钢铁骨架外铺设花岗岩和波特兰石来保护骨架和增加美观 Now visitors can walk through in the tower bridge, not be charged.Visit the tower bridge from the north side of the bridge take the elevator up, watching the bridge for structural engineering, and then from the bridge at high channel across the Thames, river Thames and enj