2022高考英语试题分项版解析专题14新闻报道、广告类含解析

1、2021高考英语试题分项版解析专题14新闻报道、广告类（含解析）PAGE PAGE 207专题14 新闻报道、广告类2018年高考试题A【2018全国I】 Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide

2、will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossomsdisappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Wash

3、ington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C.Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfec

4、t tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling be

5、tween the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall

6、. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Was

7、hington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories.23. Whic

8、h of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps. B. Cameras.C. Meals D. Safety lights【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D【解析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到Washington, D.C.旅游的四中路线的相关行程及注意事项。23. 细节理解题。根据文章Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour中的All riders are equipped with reflective vests and

9、safety lights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。点睛：本篇文章最容易出错的题是21题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇reserve的词义：预约。in advance意为：提前。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。 A【2018全国II】Summer ActivitiesStudents should read the list with their parents/careers, and sel

10、ect two activities they would like to do. Forms will be available in school and online for them to indicate their choices and return to school. Before choices are finalised, parents/careers will be asked to sign to confirm their childs choices.ActivityDescriptionMember of staffCostOutdoor Adventure

11、(OUT)Take yourself out of your comfort zone for a week, discover new personal qualities, and learn new skills. You will be able to take part in a number of activities from canoeing to wild camping on Dartmoor. Learn rock climbing and work as a team, and enjoy the great outdoor environment.Mr. Clemen

12、s140 WWI Battlefields and Paris(WBP)On Monday we travel to London. After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields. On Day 3 we cross into Belgium. Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris par

13、k, staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks. Our final day, Friday, sees us visit central Paris and tour the main sights. Mrs. Milson425CraftyFoxes(CRF)Four days of product design centred around textiles. Making lovely objects using recycled and made materials. Bags, cushions and decor

14、ations.Learn skills and leave with modern and unusual textiles.Mrs. Goode30Potty about Potter(POT)Visit Warner Bros Studio, shop stop to buy picnic, stay overnight in an approved Youth Hostel in Streatley-on -Thames, guided tour of Oxford to see the film locations, picnic lunch outside Oxfords Chris

15、tchurch, boating on the River Cherwell through the University Parks, before heading back to Exeter.Miss Drake15021. Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping?A. OUT. B. WBP. C. CRF. D. POT.22. WhatwillthestudentsdoonTuesdaywithMrs.Wilson?A. TraveltoLondon.B. Seeaparadeandfireworks.C.

16、TourcentralParis.D. VisittheWWIbattlefields.23. HowlongdoesPottyaboutPotterlast?A. Twodays. B. Fourdays.C. Fivedays. D. Oneweek.【答案】21. A 22. D 23. A【解析】本文是一篇广告布告类说明文。文中讲述了家长和孩子一起挑选可以参加的活动。文中分别对这些活动的名称，活动内容，活动特色和活动组织工作人员还有活动的价格进行了详细的描述。21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的go camping，我们可以迅速浏览到第一个活动当中的wild camping (野外露营)这

17、个关键信息。故选A。23. 细节理解题。根据题干中的信息Potty about Potter last我们从最后一种活动来寻找答案。关键信息overnight意为“一夜的逗留”。故这个活动是持续两天。故选A。点睛：做广告布告类说明文题型时一定要先看题干，再从文中找答案。我们可以清楚的看到：这三道题是互相之间没有联系的并且都是根据题干中的关键信息就可以锁定某一段落直接找答案的。A【2018全国III】Welcome to Holker Hall & GardensVisitor InformationHow to Get to HolkerBy Car： Follow brown signs a

18、n A590 from JB6, M6.Approximale travel times: Windermere-20 minutes, Kendal-25 minutes, Lancaster-45 minutes, Manchester-I hour 30 minutes.By Rail: The nearest station is Cark-in-Cartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster Preston for connections to major cities & airports.Opening TimesSunday-Friday

19、 (closed on Saturday)11:00 am-4:00pm,30 March-2nd November.Admission ChargesHall & Gardens GardensAdults: 12.00 8.00Groups 9 5.5Producers: Market 13th AprilJoin us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.Holker Garden Festival 30th Ma

20、yThe event celebrate its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.National Garden Day 28th AugustHolker once again opens is gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garde

21、n guide.Winter Market 8th NovemberThis is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifs while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.21. How long does it probably take a tourist to drive to Holker from Manchester?A. 20minutes. B. 25 minutes.C. 45 minutes

22、. D. 90 minutes.22. How much should a member of a tour group pay to visit to Hall & Cardens?A. l2.00. B. 9.00.C. 8.0 D. 5.5023. Which event will you go to if you want to see a live music show?A. Producers Market. B. Holker Garden Festival.C. National Garden Day. D. Winter Market.【答案】21. D 22. B 23.

23、D【解析】文章为旅游指南。文章主要介绍了去Holker Hall& Garden 旅游的相关信息，如：出行方式，开放时间，旅行费用以及主要活动等。21. 细节理解题。根据第一段How to Get to Holker中By car里Approximate travel times后面内容可知，从Manchester到Holker要用1 hour and 30 minutes，即90分钟，故选D。22. 细节理解题。根据Admission Charges可知，团体中的一员去Hall & Gardens 需要支付9英镑。23. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Winter Market中最后一句Wan

24、der among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.可知，如果想去看现场表演需要去Winter Market。故选D。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3

25、）语意理解型。（4）是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。此题中的三题全为细节理解题。细节理解题首先要根据题干准确定位信息句，其次要对信息句进行准确的理解和判断，如第一题为转述型，1 hour and30 minutes，即90分钟。第二题和第三题则为简单的一一对应型，只要找到信息句即可得出答案。 A【2018天津卷】Fire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildi

26、ngs and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire Alarm

27、sThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these s

28、ystems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency

29、 exit do not use a lift.Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a da

30、ngerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operati

31、on of your smoke detector:If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, in

32、form your hall staff.36. What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?A. To provide part-time jobs for students.B. To lead the students to the nearest exits.C. To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.D. To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.37. What do the autom

33、atic fire alarm systems include?A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations38. In a fire drill, the students should _.A. rush quickly to a liftB. gather at the nearest exit.C. shut the door and leave

34、at onceD. wait for instructions in the hall39. What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.40. To en

35、sure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_.A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is working【答案】36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。36. 细节理解题

36、。根据文章第一段They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器).可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护所有的校园建筑物防火装备。故选C。38. 细节理解题。根据文章Fire Drills中的句子Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.和Exit immediately from the nearest

37、 emergency exit do not use a lift.可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开。故选C。39. 细节理解题。根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。40. 细节理解题。根据文章Smoke Detector中的句子If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not

38、blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否安全运行，看红灯是否闪动。故选D。点睛：文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题3中C选择项中leave at once与文中的Exit immediately表达的同一个意思；小题4中考生要理解文中fines（罚款）是A选择项中punishment（惩罚）的一种，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微

39、区别。B【2018北京卷】Find Your Adventure at the Space and Aviation(航空) CenterIf youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be. The Center offers programs designed to challenge and inspire with hands-on tasks and lots of fun.More than 750,000 have graduated from

40、 SAC, with many seeking employment in engineering, aviation, education, medicine and a wide variety of other professions. They come to camp, wanting to know what it is like to be an astronaut or a pilot, and they leave with real-world applications for what theyre studying in the classroom.For the tr

41、ainees, the programs also offer a great way to earn merit badges(荣誉徽章). At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as they build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated(模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world. The Aviation Challenge pro

42、gram gives trainees the chance to earn their Aviation badge. They learn the principles of flight and test their operating skills in the cockpit(驾驶舱) of a variety of flight simulators. Trainees also get a good start on their Wilderness Survival badge as they learn about water- and land-survival throu

43、gh designed tasks and their search and rescue of downed pilot.With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.All this fun is available for ages 9 to 18. Families can enjoy the experience together, too, with Family Camp programs f

44、or families with children as young as 7.Stay an hour or stay a week there is something here for everyone!For more details, please visit us online at .40. Why do people come to SAC?A. To experience adventures.B. To look for jobs in aviation.C. To get a degree in engineering.D. To learn more about med

45、icine.41. To earn a Space Exploration badge, a trainee needs to .A. fly to spaceB. get an Aviation badge firstC. study the principles of flightD. build and fire model rockets42. What is the most important for trainees?A. Leadership.B. Team spirit.C. Task planning.D. Survival skills.C42018北京卷 B【要点综述】

46、 本文是一篇广告应用文。文章主要从辉煌历史、学习内容和招收成员的要求三个方面介绍了SAC（宇航中心）的培训项目，并呼吁大家多多支持SAC。40. A细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“If youre looking for a unique adventure, the Space and Aviation Center (SAC) is the place to be.”可知，SAC可以提供独一无二的冒险经历。故选A。41. D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“At Space Camp, trainees can earn their Space Exploration badge as th

47、ey build and fire model rockets, learn about space tasks and try simulated (模拟) flying to space with the crew from all over the world.”可知，要想得到徽章，需要制作火箭模型并点火。故选D。42. B细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段“With all the programs, teamwork is key as trainees learn the importance of leadership and being part of a bigger task.

48、”可知，团队合作是被训练者最重要的素质。故选B。D【2018江苏】Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.It found many youngsters(少年）now measure their status by how much public approval theyget online, often through “like”. Some change their behavior in re

49、al life to improve their image on the web.The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Childrens Commissioner (专员）Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks,with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with th

50、e tremendous pressurethey faced online.Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13.The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friendsand friends of friends to demand “likes” for their

51、 online posts.The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respondto social media posts quickly, and around the clock.Children aged 8 to 10 were starting to feel happy when others liked their posts. However,those in the 10 to 12 age group were concerned wi

52、th how many people like their posts, suggesting a “need” for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up worried about theirappearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, a

53、ndincreasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media.She said: Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games whenthey are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure inreal social media interacti

54、on at secondary school.As their world expanded. she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves.Miss Longfield added: Then there is this p

55、ush to connectif you go offline, will you misssomething, will you miss out, will you show that you dont care about those people you arefollowing, all of those come together in a huge way at once.For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally. The Childrens Commissioner for Englands

56、 studylife in Likesfound that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.However, the researchinvolving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.By the time they started secondary

57、schoolat age 11children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense ofincompetence they might feel if they compared themselves t

58、o celebrities(名人）or more brilliantfriends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of thedayespecially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.The Childrens Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare childrenfor t

59、he emotional minefield(雷区）they faced online. And she said social media companies mustalso take more responsibility. They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.Javed Khan, of childrens

60、charity Bamardos, said: Its vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to dealwith the growing demands of social media.“Its also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using.”65.Why did some secon