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1、动词过去分词作定语和表语第1页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一Task oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle (“-ed”)第2页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一StoryA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night. It was a horror film, but he was interested in it. Sometimes he felt excited, sometimes he fe

2、lt frightened. After the film, the tired boy came back home. Once home, the exhausted boy第3页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一Key points“-ed” can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies. eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Tom“ed” can also be put after the link-verbs (be

3、, feel, become, get, seem) and used as _ . eg. be interested in feel excited/frightenedattributepredicative第4页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一Task twoCan you find out the position of “ed” used as attribute from these examples?injured fingers 一个受伤的手指 a finger injured in the accidentspoken English 英语口语 a

4、language spoken by many peoplewritten exercises 书面练习 a book written by Lu Xun第5页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一Key pointsSingle “-ed” word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。“-ed” phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。afterbefore第6页,共36页,2022年,5月20

5、日,21点26分,星期一Task three Please find more examples in the reading passage of each usage.第7页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一AttributeSo many thousands of terrified people died soon the affected person died. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street that polluted water carried the virus.help

6、 ordinary people exposed to cholera.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 第8页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一PredicativeBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.He became interested in two theories that possibly explaine

7、d how cholera killed people.He was determined to find out why.第9页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一过去分词作定语和表语总结第10页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一一、过去分词作定语1.单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义,常作前置定语( preposed attribute )。 eg. terrified people 受到惊吓的人们 polluted water 被污染的水 a closed door 关闭的门注意: -ed作前置定语时,有时只有被动意义。 eg. sp

8、oken English 英语口语 written exercises 书面练习第11页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一一、过去分词作定语少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义 fallen leaves 落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家 a returned student 一名留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师第12页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一一、过去分词作定语2.过去分词作后置定语,表示被动和完成意义。 eg.

9、 The books written by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。 Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。 He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water. 他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。第13页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一一、过去分词作定语3. 过去分词可作非限制性定语,相当于省略式的定语从句。 e.g The books, (which wer

10、e) written by Lu Xun, were very popular. The bridge, (which was) built in 1999, is very beautiful.第14页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示进行,过去分词表示状态或完成。 boiling water 正在烧(煮沸)的水 boiled water 已煮沸的水 developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 falling leaves 落叶(正在

11、进行) fallen leaves 落叶(已经完成)第15页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别The boy killing the dog is her brother. The boy killed by the man is her brother.第16页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first p

12、layed C. first playing D. to be first playing解析:A first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生,与修饰词是主谓关系。不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。第17页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had be

13、en invited 解析:A 考查过去分词作后置定语,与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。第18页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known解析:D第19页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看4. I dont know the girl _ in the sno

14、w storm. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 解析:B 小女孩被困在暴风雪中,所以应用过去分词作后置定语。 第20页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一二、过去分词作表语1.过去分词作表语,表示主语的感受或所处的状态。 No wonder he was so excited.可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有: delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, interested, puzzled, exhausted,

15、satisfied, inspired, surprised, pleased第21页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一二、过去分词作表语2.许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如:broken, disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。 第22页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别-ed作表语主要表示动作的完成和状态,相当于一个形容词;被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者,后面常跟by短语。 The glass

16、 is broken. The glass was broken by Tom.第23页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别-ing表主动与进行,常用于表示事物的性质,汉语常翻译为“(某事/物)使人,令人” ;-ed 含有被动的意思,经常用于说明人的感觉,汉语常译为“(某人)感到”。eg. What he said was encouraging. We were encouraged at what he said.第24页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一-ed作表语与-ing作表语的区别此类词常见的有:surp

17、rising, surprised; exciting, excited; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; satisfying, satisfied; inspiring, inspired; pleasing, pleased; tiring, tired; boring, bored.第25页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ spee

18、ch, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 解析: A。第一空应填tired,来源于系表结构be tired of;第二空表令人感到枯燥的,应填现在分词boring。 第26页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看2. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 解析:C 该题考查分词

19、作表语的用法。“to pay sb by the hour” 计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有:get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.第27页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看3. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost D. got lost 解析: D get lost 迷路了4. What surprised me most was that the leader of that country g

20、ot _ . A. kill B. killing C. killed D. to be killed 解析:C 过去分词表被动第28页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一考题练练看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 解析: C。remain seated 为系表结构,不具有被动色彩。 第29页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点

21、26分,星期一考题练练看 6. - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 解析: D。pleased,满意的; pleasant,令人愉快的。 第30页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一Task fourComplete the table with p

22、hrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1. terrified people1. people terrified of2. reserved seats2. 3. polluted water3. 4. a crowded room4. 5. a pleased winner5. seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased with第31页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点

23、26分,星期一Task four6. astonished children 7. a broken vase8. a closed door9. the tired audience10. a trapped animal第32页,共36页,2022年,5月20日,21点26分,星期一Task five Complete the sentences using the past participle given to you as the predicative.1. He got _ about losing the money.2. The painter looked so _ after w

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