浙江省嵊州市2017届高三英语复习summary writing课件（沈扬） （共27张）

1、Summary WritingWhat is “summary?A summary is a brief restatement of the essential thought of a longer composition. 概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的准确再现。How to get a high mark? ?考试说明?中评分标准规定概要写 作阅卷时按5个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档21-25points：理解准确，涵盖全部要点；能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇；完全使用自己的

2、语言；有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧凑。contents (内容)language skills (语言)structure (结构)a good summaryall the key pointsgrammar, vocabularytight and coherentyour own wordsabout 60 wordsright spelling, proper punctuationHow to writing a good summary? 定位 find out the essential information改写 rewrite the information

3、 in your own words核查 check the sentences and add some conjunctionsA.定位 通过阅读定位语篇的核心信息，包括核心单词，核心短语和核心句子。 句子为主，以单词和短语为辅 typeskey information记叙文narration人物+时间+地点+事件（起因+发展+结果）说明文exposition描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”；针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”；介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”议论文argumentation论点+论据(+结论)1. 确定文体 the typ

4、es of the passage2. 消减事例 In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the Frenc

5、h king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of English in 1546.3. 省略细节尽量减少实事，大胆省略实事essential informationB. 改写 在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模的改变。 改写过程中，原那么上字数不超过原句，不改变原文的逻辑结构，充分考虑语句压缩。1. 使用近义词或反义词Zhou Yang will remember his first task as a reporter.To research whether s

6、uch a “sixth sense really exists, Robert Baker performed two experiments.Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment as a journalist.study ifcarried out/ did/madeShe brought home a lot of books and magazines.2.把短语变为单词Cleaning away dirt is good to health.Cleaning away dirt benefits health.3.使用广义

7、词(general words)代替具体词(specific words)She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek, and some textbooks.He didnt like the city. He hated it.4.消除重复5. 把直接引语的主要信息变为间接引语The boss said to him, “ Till youre more experienced you can cover a story.He disliked the city.

8、The boss said that with more experience he could cover news.6. 主动句和被动句互换Robert Baker, a psychologist at the University of Kentucky, performed two experiments.Two experiments were carried out by a psychologist.7.基本句型间灵活转换 Dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.S+V+PS+V+ODirt on the skin co

9、uld protect people from getting ill.You will obtain all the information if various questions are asked.8. 特殊句式强调句，倒装句，there be和正常语序句式的转化Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information.To research whether such a “sixth sense really exists, Robert Baker, there is really a

10、 sixth sense9. 把从句变为短语(介词短语，非谓语动词短语)If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight.With the interviewees agreement, a recorder could be used._The skin is a necessary organ, which can serve as a barrier against outside dangers. Baker concludes that people do not have the

11、ability to sense when theyre being stared at.10.各种从句的灵活转化His conclusion is that people are not equipped with the ability to feel others observation.C.核查核查连贯性优先考虑使用最短连接词but、then、later、finally、besides、 thus、therefore、yet、however核查字数60-70words核查标点和语法+Steps of writing summarystepscontentsThe 1st step定位核

12、心信息The 2nd step在核心信息基础上，进行语言表达形式改写（改词，换句型）The 3rd step核查连接词，语法和标点2016年?考试说明?概要写作样题段落核心信息功能1 there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.论点+论据2 In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease. France/England In Europe3 since the 18th century cleanin

13、g away dirt is good to health.4nowadays an American immunologist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.have, exist, different，flexibleopinions，viewpointsPeople have different opinions toward dirt.Different viewpoin

14、ts toward dirt exist.Peoples viewpoints towards dirt are flexible.S+V+PIn the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.France / EnglandIn EuropeIt was thought that/People believed thatprotectfrom;preventfrom;keepfree fromS+V+Pillness, getting illIn th

15、e early 16th century, it was thought that dirt on the skin could protect people from getting ill in some European countries.In the early 16th century, people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill. S+V+Osome European countriesjti since the 18th centurycleanin

16、g away dirt is good to health.Doing A is good to BIt is good for B to do APeople have realized that it was good for health to remove dirt since the 18th century.remove, washoffbenefit your health, keephealthySince the 18th century, people have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us hea

17、lthy. Nowadaysan American immunologist, encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.now /at presentsome scientistsadvise, suggest, hold the viewpowerfulexpose toNow, some scientists hold the view that children should be exposed to the dirt to have a powerful immune system.Some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system. People have different opinions toward dirt. In the early 16th century, it was thought that dirt on the skin could protect people from getting ill in some European countries. People have realized that it was g