直接引语变间接引语讲解课件概要1

1、直接引语变间接引语Direct speech and Indirect speechI am the king of the whole world.What does the lion say? Direct Speech and Reported Speech引语的概念直接引述别人的原话，叫 _;直接引语 用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _。间接引语直接引语通常都用_括起来， 引号“ 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _。宾语从句Direct Speech Reported SpeechShe said, “I like singing. She said, “I am waiting f

2、or a bus.She said, “I visited Europe last year.She said, “I have never met an American.She said, “I will see you next week. She said she liked singing.She said she was waiting for a bus. She said she had visited Europe the year before.She said she had never met an American. She said she would see me

3、 the next week. SUMMARY 直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等相应变化.一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid,Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.“二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰

4、。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow? HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 “第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr.Smithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.She asked me“Do you know my name?She asked meI knew her name.Whether

5、/ if是否She asked me“Do you like English?She asked meI liked English.Whether / if直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句 , 间接引语应改为由 whether或if引导的宾语从句. Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?“ HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim。 “Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.She asked me“What are you doing?She asked meI was doi

6、ng.whatShe asked me“How does she go to school?She asked meShe went to school.how 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句宾语从句必须用陈述句语序。 Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner. Sheaskedme,Whatwas Jack doing when I come in?Sheaskedme what Jack was doing when she came in. 1.

7、“Where is she from? He asked where she was from. 2. “How old are they? He asked how old they were. 3. “Whats the weather like today? He asked what the weather was like that day. 4. “How do you go to school?. He asked how you went to school. 5. “Who is singing? He asked who was singing. 6. “When do y

8、ou get up? He wanted to know when I got up.SUMMARY 直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时，要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。 直接引语是一般疑问句反意疑问句，选择疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词 if 或 whether 连接。 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。4. 直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为 “tell (ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.句型。 She said, “ Dont talk.She asked the children She said, “Be qui

9、et.She asked me She said, “Put up you hands if you have anyquestions.She told us to put up our hands if we had any questions.to be quiet.not to talk.Direct SpeechReported Speech“Never do that again, the teacher saidThe policeman ordered us to be quiet.The policeman ordered:“Be quiet.The teacher told

10、 the boy to open the window The teacher said to the boy ,Open the window .The teacher told me not /never to do that again“Wait a moment she said to them.She asked them to wait a moment . 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动词的宾语。注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加not或never.SUMMARYExercises :

11、1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book. 2).My teacher said , “she is a good student.Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.Exercises : 1). Betty says to Harry, I want to borrow your book. 2).My teacher said , “she is a good s

12、tudent.Betty says to Harry (that) she wants to borrow his Book. My teacher said that she was a good student.3) She asked me, Do you agree with me?4) Anne asked her mother, “Is there any delicious food to eat?She asked me if I agreed with her.Anne asked her mother if there was anydelicious food to ea

13、t.5) “ What are you going to do? he asked. 6“How do you go to school every day? asked Mr. Zhang.He asked me what I was going to do.Mr. Zhang asked how I went to school everyday.7). Mom said,“ Dont chat with strangers8). “ Go shopping with me, please? said Mr. Wang .Mom told me not to chat with stran

14、gers.Mr. Wang asked me to go shopping with him.She said to me “ Why are you interested in science? She asked me _ _ _interested in science.2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat? He asked him _ _ _ buy the red coat.3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born? Shirley asked me _ _ _ born.4. “ W

15、hats wrong with you? Lily asked me. Lily asked me _ _ _ with _.5. The girl asked me “What happened? The girl asked me _ _.Exercises:why I was when he wouldwhere I waswhat was wrong me what happened本卷须知1) 人称2) 时态 3) 相应的时间地点状语4) 标点符号5 大小写6 问号改为句号7 语序-疑问改陈述8 宾语从句由什么引出9) 祈使句要使用动词不定式来引述直接引语变间接引语所在的句子类型1.

16、陈述句2.一般疑问句(反意疑问句，选择疑问句3.特殊疑问句4.祈使句一、如何变人称： 口诀：一随主。二随宾，第三不变。“一随主是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid,Mybrotherwantstogo shoppingwithme.Shesaidherbrother wantedtogo shoppingwithher.“二随宾是指直接引语变间接引语时，假设从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： Hesa

17、idtoKate.Howisyoursisternow? HeaskedKatehowhersisterwasthen。 “第三人称不更新是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr.Smithsaid, “Jackisagoodboy.Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodboy.直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时一般过去时 过去完成时现在完成时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时The teacher said,“The sun is bigger than the earth.The

18、 teacher said that the sun is bigger than the earth.注: 直引假设是客观真理,变为间引时,时态不变.时态变化二二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。1) 一般现在时一般过去时态； She said: “ I am a student. She said (that) she was a student.2)一般将来时过去将来时 Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。Tom said, “ I am going to play ba

19、sketball tomorrow. Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.3) 现在进行时过去进行时； She said ,“I am reading a book.She said she was reading a book. 注意：以下几种情况时态 不变直接引语是客观真理。 Theteacher said Theearthmovesaroundthesun.Theteachersaidmetheearthmovesaround thesunearth.直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语， 变为间接引语时，时态不变。

20、如： Jacksaid.IwasbornonApril2l,1980.直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。 Jacksaid.“I was doing chores when Tom came to see meJacksaid he was doing chores when Tom came to see him.Jack saidhewasbornonApril21,1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。(时刻表如： Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning。如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式不再变例：could

21、,should,would,might The doctor said, “You should stay in bed for 2 days. The doctor said I should stay in bed for 2 days. 和已经是过去时的形式时， 例： oughtto，hadbetter,usedto Petersaid.Youhadbettercomeheretoday.Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.now-thenyesterday-the day beforetod

22、ay-that daytomorrow-the next daylast week/year-the week/year beforethis week/ year-that week/yearnext week/year-the next week/ yeara week/ year ago-a week/ year before直接引语中的时间状语转换规那么：三、1.ago-before2、直接引语中的指示代词转换规那么： 3、直接引语中动词come在间接引语中用go:4、直接引语中副词here在间接引语中用there：5、如果是在当天或在原地转达，那么上述时间状语 或地点状语一律不变：注

23、意！thisthatthesethose三、如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在改为“原来例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore today变为 that day He said, I want to go swimming now. He said he wanted to go swimming then.地点状语，尤其表示方向性的， here 变 there The teacher said ,“ You should come here at 7:00. The teacher said I should go ther

24、e at 7:00.指示代词修饰的状语，由“此改为“彼 例：this改为that Hesaid,Thisbookismine.“Hesaidthatbook washis. 谓语动词的变化:直接引语:Must ;Come ;bring间接引语:had to; go ;takeShe said, I will come here this evening.She said that she would go there that evening1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today. Jack told me that _ worried _. A

25、. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayExercise I2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now. We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have wa

26、lked a long way this week. Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow. The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he sh

27、ouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ? They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago? Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hear

28、da week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ? She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 8. Jack s

29、aid to her, “Where do you spend your holidays? Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet? Black asked me why _ yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. haven

30、t I left here 10. The teacher asked her, “Does the sun rise in the east ? The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did riseExercise1. “I never eat meat. he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet. he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me. she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her.4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.The teacher said that the sun _ in the eas