阅读七选五说明文

1、第 页共9页第 页共9页第1页共9页专题限时集训（十二）阅读七选五说明文（I）（对应学生用书第113页）A（2017太原市模拟试题二）Developinggoodstudyhabitsisnteasy.1Inthisway,youllbecomemoreandmoresuccessfulasastudent.Startbyallowingnointerruptions.2Youhatetogive100percentofyourattentiontoyourwork.Dontallowyourselftobedistractedbyfriendsorfellowstudents.Keepyou

2、rgoalinmind;knowwhatyouhavetodoandwhenitneedstobedone.Dontletotherpeopleinflueneeyouintonotdoingyourwork.3Ifyoustudybestinthemorning，plantodoyourhardestsubjectsfirst.Remembernottoleavetodaysworktilltomorrow.Adelaylikethisiscalled“procrastination”.Ifyoudelayforanyreason,youllfinditmoreandmoredifficul

3、ttogetthingsdonewhenyouneedto.Youmayrushtomakeupthetimeyouwastedgettingstarted,resultingincarelessanderrorfilledwork.Anothergoodwaytostudyistotakepartinpartneredandgroup-studysessions.Theseallowstudentstoshareideasandhelpeachotherdealwithdifficultmaterial.4Forminggoodstudyhabitscanbedifficultatfirst

4、,andrequiresenergyandastrongwill.Butifyoucommityourselftoit,successwillbeyours.5Bydoingso,youwillknowthatyouhavetried.Ifyouaresatisfiedwithwhatyouvedoneandknowthatyouhavetriedyourbestyourgradeswillbetheicingonthecake.Figureoutwhenyouremostproductive.ItsimpossibletostudywhilechattingorwatchingTV.Alwa

5、ysgiveyourbestintheclassroomandinstudysessions.Puttingoffyourtaskforanyreasoncanmakeitdifficulttofinishontime.Youmaydowellenoughbutmaybeyoucanhardlyachieveyourgoaleasily.FButstartwithaplan，putinalotofhardwork，andstudyingwillbecomeeasier.GInaddition，learningamongstudentsisagoodwayofgettingafirmergras

6、pofthematerial.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了养成良好的学习习惯的方法和策略。F承接上文Developinggoodstudyhabitsisnteasy.”可推知，此处表示还是有比较容易的办法的，所以选F项。B承接上文“Startbyallowingnointerruptions.”并与下文“Dontallowyourselftobedistractedbyfriendsorfellowstudent呼应可推知,学习要专注,边学习边聊天或者看电视是不可能的，所以选B项。A承接下文“Ifyoustudybestinthemorning，plantodoyourharde

7、stsubjectsfirst”并根据本段的整体内容可推知,本段主要讲的是弄清楚学习的最佳时机，所以选A项。G承接上文“Theseallowstudentstoshareideasandhelpeachotherdealwithdifficultmaterial.”可知，集体学习有助于分享观点，帮助彼此解决困难的学习材料，从而更牢固地掌握学习内容，所以选G项。C承接下文“Bydoingso，youwillknowthatyouhavetried.Ifyouaresatisfiedwithwhatyouvedoneandknowthatyouhavetriedyourbest，yourgrade

8、swillbetheicingonthecake”.可推知，在学习过程中要竭尽全力才能够成功，所以选C项。B（2017郑州市第二次质量预测）Whatdoestravelconsistof?Answerscanbeasvariedasworryingaboutyourbudget，tryingnewdishesatmeals，climbingmountainsandridingcrowdedlocalbuses，etc.ButtoMishanaKhot，aUStravelfanatic（狂热者），travelis“morethanjustastampinyourpassportitsastamp

9、inyoursoul”.OnthetravelwebsiteVagabondish，Khotlistedsomewaysthatyouwillchangeaftertakingatrip.Now，pleasetakealook.Travelshowsthebigpicture.Khotbelieveswemayloseourselvesinourownlivesfromtimetotime.“Sometimeswecantseparateourdailyexisteneefromthebroaderperspective（角度）,”sheargues“6Itforcesyoutoseeyour

10、lifefromtheoutside.7Whenyouareonthewaychancesarethatyouwilldealwithflightdelays,slowbusesbadfood,horribleaccommodationandmuchmore.AsKhotpointedout,ifthereisoneconstantinatravelerslife,itisthattravelwillthrowupsituationsthatchallengeyou.Youmayhavemadethemostdetailedplan,butthenextminutesomethingjustg

11、oeswrong.8Travelmakesyoumoregrateful.Whetheryoutravelfromabigcitytothequietcountryside,orviceversa（反之亦然）,therewillcomeamomentwhenyouaregratefulforallyouhave.“Whenyoumeetsomeonewithonelegwhoishikingupahill,youwillcloseyoureyesforasecondandsaythankyou”shesaid.9Duringtravel,youllbeforcedtocommunicatewi

12、thmanymorepeoplethanyouusedto.10So,justthrowawayyourshyness.Thatwontguideyoutoyourdestination.Goandcommunicatewithpeople.Theyreanimportantpartoftheexperienee.Travelmakesyoumoreadaptable.Travelmakesyoumoresingleminded.Travelhelpsyouovercomeyourshyness.Youmaymeetsomethingpleasantwhenyoutravel.Travelpr

13、ovidesachaneetogetawayfromyourroutine.AndsometimesyouwontevenbeabletouseyourfirstIanguage.Youllgothroughangeranddisappointmenjtbuthopefully,youlllearntolaughatitandmoveon.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。爱好旅行的MishanaKhot为我们介绍了旅行的一些重要作用。E根据空后的ftforcesyoutoseeyourlifefromtheoutside可知，旅行使第3页共9页第 页共9页第 页共9页你从外部来看自己的人生；据此

14、可以判断，空处表示旅行让你摆脱常规，故E项符合语境。A根据该空位置可知，该句为第三段的主题句，概括第三段大意；通读该段可知，该段主要说明旅行过程中出现的各种情况会让你更加适应生活，故A项符合文意。G上文介绍了旅行过程中可能遇到的各种挑战，包括航班延误、公交车慢、食物差、住宿条件不好等，据此可以判断，空处顺承上文，说明遇到这些挑战时的心情以及应如何应对，故G项与此处匹配。C根据该空位置可知，该句为本段的主题句，概括本段大意；通读该段并结合该段第三句“So，justthrowawayyourshyness.”可知，该段主要说明旅行可以让人克服羞怯，故C项正确。F根据空前一句“Duringtrave

15、l，youllbeforcedtocommunicatewithmanymorepeoplethanyouusedto.可知，在旅行过程中，你将被迫和许多人交流；结合常识可以判断，在交流过程中你有时甚至不能使用母语，据此可知F项符合文意。C（2017重庆市西北狼教育联盟联考）Theartofconversationstakespracticebutisnotashardasyoumightthink.11Bearoundconfidentpeople.Beingaroundconfidentpeoplemakesyoufeelgood.Theotherpersonsenthusiasmmake

16、salltheconversationparticipantsfeelconfidentandcomfortable.12Ifitssomeonewhoyouworkwith，orgotoschoolwith，lookattheirdepartmentwebsite,orseeifthepersonisonanysocialnetworksbeforetalkingtohimforthefirsttime.Theinformationyougetcanbeagoodstartingpointforconversations.Askquestions.Whatdotheyliketodo?Wha

17、tsortofthingshavetheydoneintheirlives?Whatishappeningtothemnow?Whatdidtheydotodayorlastweekend?13_However，trytospaceoutyourquestionsortheyllfeellikeyouareinterrogating（审问）them，whichisverybadandclosesofffriendships.Listen.Payattentiontowhatisbeingsaid.Makemovementstoindicatethatyouarestilllistening.l

18、fyoulistenwell,theotherpersonsstatementswillsuggestquestionsforyoutoask.14Theywilloftennotrealizethatitwastheywhodidmostofthetalking,andyougetthecreditforbeingagoodconversationalist.Knowwhentheconversationisover.Eventhebestconversationswilleventuallyrunoutofsteamorbeendedbyaninterruption.Smileifyour

19、eleaving,tellthemitwasnicetotalktothem,andsaygoodbye.15Askasmanyquestionsasyoucanthinkqfincludingtheirage,incomeandmarriage.Endingonapositivenotewillleaveagoodimpression.Findoutaboutthepersonyouwillbetalkingtobeforeyouactuallytalktohim,ifyoucan.D.Takeaspecialcourseonmakingconversationssothatyoucanco

20、mmunicatewithothersbetter.Allowtheotherpersontodomostofthetalking.Identifythingsaboutthemthatyoumightbeinterestedinhearingaboutandpolitelyaskquestions.Withsomepatieneeandthesestepsyoucanleanntorelaxandenjoyagreatconversation.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了提高沟通交流能力的技巧，包括和自信的人交往、询问问题、耐心倾听等。G空处为第一段尾句，起承上启下的过渡作用，下

21、文是对如何提高沟通能力的介绍，据此可知，G项符合文意。C空处的位置说明空处为该段的主题句。根据空处下句“Ifitssomeonewhoyouworkwith，orgotoschoolwith，lookattheirdepartmentwebsiteorseeifthepersonisonanysocialnetworksbeforetalkingtohimforthefirsttime.”可知，该空主要阐述找到关于你将要交流的人的信息，故C项符合文意。F根据该段首句Askquestions”可知，该段主要阐述“询问问题”这一方法；由空后一句可知，应选F项“确认一下你感兴趣听到的事情，有礼貌地问

22、问题”。E根据空处下句“Theywilloftennotrealizethatitwastheywhodidmostofthetalking,andyougetthecreditforbeingagoodconversationalisf.并结合该段首句Listen”可知，这里作者建议“聆听别人讲话，让别人多说”，故E项与此匹配。B根据空处上句“Smileifyoureleaving，tellthemitwasnicetotalktothem,andsaygoodbye”并结合该段首句Knowwhentheconversationisover.”可知，以积极的气氛结束交流会给别人留下好的印象，

23、故选B项。D（2017汕头市教学质量监测）Heresasurprisingtruthoneofthemostpowerfulweaponstoenhanceyourlifeisyourowntongue!16Concentrateonthequalitiesofotherpeoplethatyoucanaffirminsteadofontheirfaults.Thisaloneshoulddowondersinrelievingstressinyourrelationships.Doctorsknowthatprolongedanxietyharmsyoubutencouragingwords

24、canremovestressandapeacefulmindleadstoimprovedphysicalhealthtoo.17Avoidfuelingverbalfire.Whensomeonestartstoblowupallatyou，becarefulaboutyourresponse.Whyburnyourrelationshiphousedownwithyourownmouth?Trysprayingwateronanargumentwithcalmwordsinsteadofusingaflamethrower.Howmanymarriageshavebeendestroye

25、dwheninafitofangerpeoplespewouthurtfulaccusationstooneanotherthatareneverforgotten18“Asoftanswerturnsawaywrath狂怒），butaharshwordstirsupanger.Stopcomplaining.Weallknowpeoplewhocomplainallthetime，especiallyaboutthefaultofothers.19Nothingisevergoingwellforthem，andprobablynothingeverwillaslongastheykeepc

26、omplainingandputtingtheirenergyonwhattheyreallydontwant.Dothinkbeforeyouspeak.20Itisuselessregretting.ltdoesntmatterhowunintentionaltheymaybe，wordscansometimescutalotdeeperthanasword.Veryoftenyoullhearpeoplesay“Ididntmeantohurtyourfeelings.”Well，ifyoudidntwanttohurtfeelingswhycouldntyoubethoughtfulb

27、eforeyoulettheunpleasantwordsescapeyourlooselips?Youshouldpracticewaitingawhilebeforeansweringsomeonewhenyou第 页共9页第 页共9页areangry.BPracticespeakingpositivewordsinsteadofnegativeones.CWestoreinourmindsinakindofmentalartgallerywhatothershavesaidtous.DOncethewordsleaveyourmouth，itisimpossibletotakethemb

28、ack.EThelongeryouthink，thebetteryoullspeak.FThemoretheydoso，themoretheyaredisliked.GThinktwicebeforespeaking.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。告诉我们应如何注意自己的说话方式以帮助我们减压并改善人际关系。B根据空后一句Concentrateonthequalitiesof.ontheirfaults”和下文的encouragingwordscanremovestresW知,应选B“练习说一些积极的话语而不是消极的话语”。C由空前一句中的“prolongedanxietyharmsyou，b

29、utencouragingwordscanremovestress”可知，我们会把别人对我们说的话储存在脑海里，如果这些话是消极的，则会伤害我们；若是鼓励性的话语，就会帮我们消除压力，故选C。A根据空前一句中的“wheninafitofangerpeoplespewouthurtfulaccusationstooneanotherthatareneverforgotte可知,人们一气之下就会说出让自己后悔的话，所以要练习在气头上控制自己的情绪，故选A“当你生气时，你应该练习在回答问题之前先等一会儿”。F由空前一句“Weallknowpeoplewhocomplainallthetime.ofo

30、thers.”和空后的Nothingisevergoingwellforthem”可知，那些喜欢抱怨的人抱怨得越多，他们就越不招人喜欢，F选项中的they指的就是那些爱抱怨的人。D最后一段的主题是“在说话之前要三思”。根据空前的“Dothinkbeforeyouspeak”和空后一句“Itisuselessregretting.（后悔是没有用的。）”可知，选D项。E（2017山东省六校联考）Agoodtrainingpartnercanbeagreatasset有用的人）toyourtrainingbutifyougetstuckwithabadone,itcouldleadyoudownth

31、eroadtofrustration.21Hereareafewthingstolookoutfor:Dependable.Choosesomeonewhoyouaresurewillshowupforeveryscheduledworkoutorwhowillcallyouiftheycantmakeit.Itisadrain（了肖耗）onyourvaluableenergyespeciallybeforetrainingtohavetoconstantlyremindyourpartner.Attitude.Getapartnerwithapositiveattitude.Thisisve

32、ryimportant.Iftheyconstantlysaythatsomethingisimpossibleorthattheycantoryoucantdosomething,youmayendupbelievingthem.22Openmind.Getapartnerwithanopenmind.Someonewhohastodothingsinhisorherwayallthetime,willnotlistentoyouandwillnotchangehisorhermindisntagoodpartner.23Theleadershouldtakeintoaccountthene

33、edsandfeelingsoftheotherpartnernottotallyignoringthem.Spotting.Getsomeoneyoufeelcomfortablewithspottingyou.Oneofthemainrolesofatrainingpartnerisspottingandifyoudonttrustthem,theresnotmuchpointinhavingthemaroundtohelp.24Ifyouareabeginner,trytofindsomeonewhoknowswhattheyaredoing.Youwillgetmoreoutofyourtrainingthanifyoutrainwithanotherbeginner.Whilethereareanumberofadvantagesofhavingatrainingpartner