发电站专用英语词汇

1、flue:烟道boiler:锅炉ESP:electrostaticprecipitator静电除尘器electrostaticdustcatcherfield:磁场ductwork:风管管网bellow:风箱duct:烟道GCV（kcal/kg）:总热值BFG:blastfurnacegas高炉煤气FC（fixedcarbon）:固碳Ash：灰分Volatilematter:挥发分Coalanalysis:碳质分析Designcoal:设计煤种Proximateanalysis:近似分析Ultimateanalysis:兀素分析circulatingfluidizedbed:循环式流体化床me

2、mbranewall:膜式水冷壁furnace:熔炉drum：汽包，锅筒ignitionsystem:点火系统combustionchamber:燃烧室airfeed:送气，供气calorificvalue:热值economizer:省煤器布置在锅炉尾部烟道内加热给水的部件super-heater:过热器wasteheatboiler:废热锅炉（根据场合不同，可以分为电站废热锅炉和化工废热锅炉）pulverizedcoalfiredboiler:煤粉燃烧锅炉MSWincinerationboiler城市固体废物燃烧锅炉Coal-mudboiler:煤泥锅炉Head:封头Header:联箱wat

3、er-coolingvibratingstoker:水冷振动炉排bio-massfiredboiler:生物燃烧锅炉grate炉排steamdrum:汽包锅炉汽包有什么作用？答:（1汽）包与下降管、上升管连接组成自然循环回路，同时汽包又接受省煤器来的给水，还向过热器输送饱和蒸汽，所以汽包是锅炉内加热、蒸发、过热这三个过程的连接枢纽。汽包中存有一定的水量，因而有一定的储热能力，这些可以提高运行的安全性。（3汽）包中装有汽水分离装置，蒸汽冲洗装置，连续排污装置，炉内加药装置等以改善水汽品质。Evaporators:蒸发器Attemperator:减温器Drainvent：排孑LSootblower

4、:吹灰器Blowdownsystem:排污系统（IBDIntermittentblowdown定期排CBD-continuousblowdown连续排）Desuperheatersystem:减温器系统Flownozzle:喷嘴Transmitter:传感器W:working使用中S:spare备用pneumaticoperatedcontrolvalve:气动控制阀motorizedupstreamisolationandmanualdownstreamisolationvalve：电动上流隔离阀和手动下流隔离阀combustor:燃烧室/炉膛forceddraft（FD）fan：送风机in

5、duceddraft（ID）fan:引风机Primaryair（PA）fan：次风机Commonbaseplate:通用基础板Soleplate:独立板Structuralsteel：钢架结构Fanimpeller:风机叶轮PRDSvalve:减温减压阀fittingsandmountings:零配件foundationboltsandanchorchannels:基础螺栓和锚钉槽钢dosingsystem:加药系统multilouvereddampercontrol：多叶节气闸控制isokineticmeasurement:等动力测量alkaliboilout:锅炉煮炉Deaerator:除

6、氧器（属于汽轮机部分）condensatestoragetank:凝结水箱cyclone：旋风分离器NPSH（NetPositiveSuctionHead）:汽蚀余量（单位M）OD:outsidediameterCreeplife：蠕变时间Coupling:联轴器Couplingguard:联轴器罩Effectiveheatingsurface：有效受热面Banktube:管束Downcomerpipe:下降管Bleedoffline:排气管QCNRV：速关逆止阀quickcutoffnon-returnvalveEmergencyoverspeedtripgovernor:危急遮断器Trip

7、:跳闸Thrustbearing:推力轴承Waterwall：水冷壁CACW:密闭空气断路器水冷closedaircircuitwatercooledAVR:automaticvoltageregulator自动电压调节器Ammeters:电流表KVA:千伏安Trivectormeter:三向流量计Synchronoscope：同步示波器Synchronizer:同步装置Annunciator:信号器Commissioning:试运转，试车Turbinegovernor:轮机控制器generatorexciter:发电机励磁机励磁机作用：简单讲是建立磁场。永磁极随转子旋转，产生交流电，交流电一

8、部分作为AER的电源，一部分通过逆变器整流成直流为转子建立磁场。通过调节导通角可以改变发电机的端电压（空载时）进而实现并网，在并网时调节向电网的无功输出。CaptivePowerPlant:自备电厂DirectReducedIron（DRI）plant.:直接还原铁厂HMBD:HeatmassbalancedrawingBTG:BoilerTurbineGeneratorVFDapplication:variationfrequencydevice火力发电站原理:锅炉产生蒸汽，蒸汽推动汽轮机转动，带动发电机切割磁力线发电。火力发电系统：燃料系统：完成燃料输送、储存、制备的系统。燃煤电厂具有卸煤

9、设施coalunloadingfacilities、煤场coalyard、上煤设施、煤仓bunker、给煤机coalfeeder、磨煤机coalmill等设备；燃油电厂oilfiredpowerplant备有油罐spareoiltank、加热器heater、油泵oilpump、输油管道oiltransferpipeline等设备。燃烧系统:完成燃料燃烧过程，使燃料化学能转化为蒸汽热能的系统。主要有燃烧器、炉膛、送风机、引风机、除尘器precipitator、除灰设备ashhandlingequipment等。汽水系统:完成蒸汽热能转化为机械能的系统。主要有锅炉的汽水部分、汽轮机及其辅助设备，如

10、凝汽器、除氧器deaerator、回水加热器returnwaterheater、给水泵watersupplypump、循环水泵、冷却设备等。电气系统:完成机械能转化为电能的系统。主要有发电机generator、主变压器maintransformer】、断路器circuitbreaker、隔离开关segregatedswitch、母线busbar等。控制系统:完成生产过程中的参数测量及自动化监控操作的系统。火力发电厂的几大厂区：汽机房steamturbinehouse、锅炉房boilerhouse、电除尘electricprecipitator、引风机室induceddraftfan、烟囱chi

11、mney、冷却塔coolingtower（海水冷却的厂子大部分是没有的，直接空冷机组是空冷岛aircoolingisland）、脱硫区域desulphurizationarea（吸收塔absorbingcolumn、氧化风机oxidizedfan、浆液循环泵groutcyclingpump、石膏仓gypsumbin等）、化学水车间chemicalwaterworkshop油库oiltank、制氢站hydrogengenerationstation煤仓coalbunker、输煤栈桥及转运站coalbeltconveyorgalleryandtransferstation、灰库ashbunker、

12、机组排水槽unitdrainagechannel、除盐水箱demineralizedwatertank、循环水泵房circulatingwaterpump、净水站waterpurificationstation主变maintransformer厂高变UAT、起备变startingsparetransformer、GIS室gasisolationswitchgear（气体隔离开关站），还有最主要的集控楼centralcontrolbuilding0海边厂还有输煤码头coaltransportationwharf、综合码头comprehensivewharf，内陆厂有卸车站。Civilworks:

13、土建NRV:nonreturnvalve逆止阀Backfi11：回填Repetitive:重复性TDS:tota1disso1vedso1ids总溶解固体量LDO:1ightdiese1oi1轻质柴油HFO:heavyfurnaceoi1锅炉重油Enthalpy：焓值Concrete:混凝土Setout;layout;loft:放样Steelbar/reinforcementbar:钢筋Template:模板Foundationbolt:地脚螺栓nut：螺母Groundelevation/surfaceelevation:地面高程Reinforcementconcrete（RC）:钢筋混凝土S

14、caffold/erectingframe:脚手架Checktest:校核试验Calibration/check:校验Proofreader:校对员Staggeredjoint/alternatejoint:错缝Foundationpit:基坑Compact/tamp:夯实Heatcapacity:热容J/K（焦耳每开尔文）Thermalconductivity:热导率，导热系数W/（m；k）瓦特每米开尔文Electriccharge:电荷Electricpotential:电位，电势Netcalorificvalue:净发热量Grosscalorificvalue:毛发热量Concentra

15、tion：浓度Inductance:电感单位:亨利（H）E.C:溶液电导率单位:毫姆欧/厘米mho/cmPyrites:石子煤（硫化物）大型燃煤电厂在煤粉制备过程中产生的废弃物，主要是从发电厂磨煤机中排出。每个燃煤电厂每年都要排出大量的石子煤。Coalmill/coalpulverizer:磨煤机封闭式石子煤机械清运系统包括：全封闭双闸板门full-encloseddoubleflashboarddoor，石子煤斗pyriteshopper，负压除尘装置vacuumdusthandlingsystem，斗式提升机（可选）bucketelevator，刮板石子煤机scraperpyritesbu

16、nker，喷雾降尘冷却装置spraydust-fallingcoolingsystem，钢制石子煤仓（可选）steelinesspyritesbunker，全自动控制系统fullautomaticcontrolsystem,附属控制气源，水源，电气等管路阀门auxiliarycontrolforvalvesandpipesofair,waterandelectricworks等。工艺流程Technicalprocess:中速磨煤机mediumspeedcoalmill-全封闭双闸板门full-encloseddoubleflashboarddoor（排除阀）-石子煤斗pyriteshopper

17、-负压除尘装置vacuumdusthandlingsystem-全封闭双闸板门（出料阀）full-encloseddoubleflashboarddoor-斗式提升机（可选）bucketelevator-刮板石子煤机scraperpyritesbunker-喷雾降尘冷却装置spraydust-fallingcoolingsystem-钢制石子煤仓（可选）steelinesspyritesbunker-装车运输vehicletransportation按照工作原理分：Impulsesteamturbine:冲动式汽轮机Reactionsteamturbine:反动式汽轮机velocity-sta

18、geimpulseturbine：速度级汽轮机按照热力特性分：凝汽式汽轮机condensingsteamturbine、背压式汽轮机backpressuresteamturbine、扌由汽式汽轮机extractionsteamturbine、供热式汽轮机steamturbineforcogeneration、饱和蒸汽汽轮机saturatedvaporsteamturbine、抽汽背压式汽轮机extractionbackpressuresteamturbine、多压式汽轮机multistagebackpressuresteamturbine、乏汽汽轮机exhauststeamturbine等。按

19、汽流方向可分为轴流式汽轮机axialflowtype、辐流式汽轮机radialflowtype、周流（回流）式汽轮机re-entryturbine。按用途可分为电站汽轮机、工业汽轮机、船用汽轮机等。按汽缸数目可分为单缸汽轮机、双缸汽轮机和多缸汽轮机。另外还可按照蒸汽初压（低压、中压、高压、超高压、亚临界、超临界）、排列方式（单轴、双轴）等进行分类。Erectionandfabrication：架设和建造Civilwork:土建Commissioning:试运转/试车Coking:结焦Instantaneous:瞬时的Heatdissipation：热消散Thermalinsulation:热绝

20、缘Pilotvalve:导向阀Pressuretransducer:压力传感器MHC:mechanicalhydrauliccontrol机械液压控制Flyweight:飞锤Latchhook:挂钩Plategirder:板梁Secondarygirder:次梁Generalgirder:普通梁Continuousblowndownflashtank:连续排污扩容器Desuperheater:减温器Spraynozzle:喷雾嘴Bottomashhandlingsystem:炉底灰处理系统Fluid-guidedcycloneseparator:流体引导旋风分离器Waveshapegrate:

21、波型箱DCS:distributedcontrolsystem分散控制系统UAT:UnitAuxiliaryTransformer厂用变压器E.O.T.crane:（ElectricOverheadTravelcrane）电子桥式起重机，桥吊UPS:uninterruptiblepowersystem不间断电源BMCR:Boilermaximumcontinuousrating锅炉最大连续出力PFD:processflowdiagram工艺流程图MSV(mainsteamvalve):主气门Dataacquisitionsystem(DAS:数据采集系统Modulatingcontrolsys

22、tem(MCS):模拟量控制系统FurnaceSafetySupervisionSystem(FSSS):锅炉炉膛安全监视系统SequenceControlSystem(SCS):顺序控制系统TurbineSupervisionInstrument(TSI)：汽机监视系统EmergentTripSystem(ETS):危急遮断系统数字电液控制系统电动机控制中心Nominal：额定的Screenplate：过滤板Radialseal：径向密封Axialseal：轴向密封wearplateset:耐磨护板组件liner:套管Pillarshaftofsteamturbineroom:汽机房柱轴Su

23、bcritical：亚临界Doublecasingwithdoubleexhaust:双缸双排气Valvewidelyopen(VWO):阀门全开Ambientconditions：环境条件Seismicintensity：grade7地震级别Electricgatevalve：电动闸门Thermodynamic:热力系统Desuperheater：过热器Recyclemedium:回收工质Foundation：基础Constantpressureandslidingpressure:定压和滑压Calciumsulfurratio:钙硫比Roofsingletrackhoist:炉顶单轨吊Lo

24、adinggirder:承重梁Boilerhydrotest:锅炉水压测试Synchronizationofunit:各机组同步/联网Commencementofsteamblowoutandsafetyvalvesetting：开始锅炉吹管及安全阀设置Boilerhydrotest:锅炉水压测试Instrumentationandcontrol:仪表和控制Vacuumpumpset:抽真空泵装置Condensateextractionpump:冷凝泵/凝结水泵Regenerativefeedwaterpipeworkwithhangers&supports:可再生给水管线及支吊架Millre

25、jectsystem:石子煤系统Elevator:电梯Generatorcircuitbreakerwithassociatedisophasebusduct:发电机断路器及相关的离相封闭母线Stackmonitoringinstruments:烟囱监测仪表Civil&Structuralworks：土建及结构工作Thermostatunit:调温器Deaeratingtank:除氧水箱Slagremovalequipment:除渣设备Desulfation:除硫Waterjetpond:喷水池Nominalpressure:公称压力Adjacentfurnace:临近炉Riser:上升管Sh

26、akestoppingdevice:止晃装置Inspectionhole:观察孑LFin：鳍片Rib肋片Electricgatevalve:电动闸阀Tangential:切向Overflowgutter:溢水槽Trapezoidalwaveplateseparator:梯形波形板分离器Crudeseparation：粗分离Condensatepump:凝结水泵Relay:继电器Terminalrow:端子排Fusiblecut-out:熔断器Cathoderappingmotor:阴极振打电机出线Analog:模拟量Porcelainenamel:瓷扌由Ashbunker:灰斗Labelbox

27、:标签框Turbidimeter:浊度仪Currenttransformer:电流互感器Nameplate:铭牌genset:发电机组锅炉本体BoilerProper:Drum汽包,watercooledsystem水冷系统,superheater过热器,economizer省煤器,airpreheater空气预热器,combustionsystem燃烧系统,steelstructure钢结构,platform平台,stairandhandrail楼梯和扶手,boilersetting锅炉装置,pipingwithinboilerproper锅炉本体中的管道,boilersealinganda

28、nti-wearmeasures锅炉密封和耐磨措施。锅炉的辅助设备主要包括通风设备，给水设备，燃料运输设备，制粉设备，除尘设备，除灰设备，锅炉辅机等锅炉辅机主要包括：给水泵feedwaterpump,送风机forceddraftfan,引风机induceddraftfan,磨煤机coalpulverizer,除尘器dustcatcher,烟囱chimney,灰渣泵ashpump,安全阀safetyvalve,水位计waterlevelgaugeTangentiallylocatedDCburner:切向直流燃烧器OPC:overspeedprotectcontrol过速保护控制Gasified

29、:气化的Tripper:尾车Spraydustproofsystem:喷水防尘系统Cantileversafetydevice:悬臂保安装置Balancer:配重Powercabledrum：动力电缆卷筒Groundcableguidingdevice:地面电缆导向装置Hydrauliccouplerfusionresistance(Cantilever):液力偶合器溶阻器(悬臂)Clubtypeelasticpin:梅花型弹性销Buffercarrierroller:缓冲托辊Arrestergatepad:制动器闸瓦Platensuperheater:屏式过热器Pyritehopper石子煤

30、斗Grating:格栅网Scraperpyritehopper:刮板石子煤机Bituminouscoal:生煤Anthracite:无烟煤lignite:褐煤backfeeder:回料器waterscreen:水冷屏tailsilo:尾部竖井airdistributionarea/zone:布风区wholesteelledgesuspendedconstruction：全钢架悬吊结构limestone:石灰石boilerwithdry-ashfurnace：固态排渣锅炉turnkey:交钥匙drainflashtank:疏水膨胀箱;疏水扩容器coupling:联轴器condenser:凝汽器a

31、irextractor:抽气器glandheater:汽封加热器surgetank:均压箱solenoidvalve:电磁阀thermocoupleassembly:热电偶组件RTDresistancetemperaturedetector:电阻温度探测器Float&chordtypelevelindicator:浮子/弦式液位计Oilsystem:油系统Governingandsafetysystem:调节保安系统Cogenerationpowerplant:热电联产电站Support:支架Hanger:吊架IPBD:isolatedphasebusduct隔相母线HVswitchgearc

32、abinet:高压开关柜Lighteningarrester:避雷器Monsoon:季风Demineralizedwaterstoragetank:除盐水箱Partition:隔板Tierod:连接杆；拉杆Stud:螺柱Shim：薄垫片Sprayer:喷头，喷枪Tray:托盘，底板Vent：排气TD:turbinedriven汽机驱动MDmotordriven电机驱动Valvespindle：阀总轴Valvecone：阀锥Valvebushing:阀门衬套CWcoolingwater:冷却水Centrifuge：离心机LCP:Turninggear:盘车装置Lagging:保护层/外套ESV:

33、emergencystopvalve紧急切断阀Condensateextractionpump:凝结水泵CRH:coldreheat冷再热GT:groundingtransformerLT:lowtension低电压HT:hightension高电压Differentialpressureindicator：压差扌旨示器QCNRV:速关逆止阀Probe：探针式Ultrasonic:超声波HIP:highintermediatepressure高中压LP:低压Reaming:铰刀Wrench:扳手Thyristor:半导体闸流管Quickactingfuse:紧急保险丝Triggerpulsep

34、late:Suspensorypipe:悬吊管Steamguidepipe:导汽管Gas/airflowduct:风烟管Solderwire:焊丝Weldingstick:焊条HMI:humanmachineinterface人际界面Stakeout:打桩Landscaping:绿化Captivepowerplant:CPP自备电站Projectsynopsis:项目大纲Biddocument:投标文件Varietydeduction:种类成本降低法PID:Piping&InstrumentDiagram管路和仪表流程图MBD:materialbalancediagram物料流程图Tubebu

35、ndle:管束Thermohydraulicdesign:热力水工学设计Journalbearing:径向轴承Thrustbearing:推力轴承Cartridge:滤芯Dialtype:刻度盘式Faultinitiation:故障触发器Barringgear:盘车装置ACCaircooledcondenser:空冷冷凝器Nomenclature:系统命名法，术语Feedwaterpumpturbine:小汽轮机diaphragmgland:隔板汽封shrunk-ontype:套装式singlereductiongearbox:单级减速变速箱hydraulicaccumulator:液压蓄压器

36、sacrificialanode:防蚀阳极rupturedisc:保险片/安全膜interandaftercondenser:中间和后冷凝器spoolpiece：排气套管effluentstandard:排放标准GCV:GrossCalorificValue毛热值NCV:NetCalorificValue净热值Mediafilter:介质过滤器Mixedbedpolisher:混合床打磨器RO:Tentative:暂定Bearingpad：轴瓦Atomizer:喷雾器Handrail：扶手，栏杆Surfacepreparation:表面处理RCC:reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土

37、Irrevocable:不可撤销DC:documentDustremoval:除尘装置Rotarydumperroom:翻车机室Expansionjoint:伸缩缝Vibrationscreen:振动筛Cardonshaft:万向轴Rectifier:整流器Plummerblocksealing:轴承座密封BucketWheelStackerReclaimer:斗轮堆取料机Bulkmaterialhandlingmachinery:散料装卸机械Carpusher:推车机Cardumper:翻车机Indexer:拨车机Traverser:迁车台General-purposeopentyperai

38、lwaywagon:铁路通用敞车Polishing:凝结水精处理MarineACcentrifugalventilator:船用交流离心式通风机Travelswitch:行程开关Approachswitch:接近开关Electro-hydraulicvalve:电液阀Asynchronousmotor:异步电动机Variablereluctancespeedsensor:磁阻式转速传感器Electromagneticdirectionalvalve:电磁换向阀Immerseddirecttubelevelindicator:浸入直管式液位指示器Eddy-currentsensor:电涡流传感器

39、GT(generatortransformer):发电机变压器UAT(unitauxiliarytransformer):机组辅变CetharVesselLimited(CVL):印度的锅炉厂Liquidateddamage:违约金LOI:letterofintent合同草约/意向书Shortfall：不符合标准WBS(workbreakdownstructure)Boosterpump:前置泵Controlvalve:控制阀Governorpump:调速泵Throttlevalve:节流阀RSV:reheatstopvalve中压主汽门或再热汽门generatorterminationroo

40、m：发电机出线小室IDT:initialdeformationtemperature初级变形温度Insertplate:预埋件MOU:备忘录memorandumofunderstandingDGhouse：dieselgeneratorhouse柴油发电机室HighPressurebleedheater:高压加热器Wagontippler:翻车机Trackhooper:卸煤斗Resin:树脂Ion：离子Rinse:冲洗，漂洗drawoffsystem:排放系统tools&tackles:工具和用具statutoryclearance/approvals/permits/licenses:法律许

41、可directorate:主管/董事会exemption：豁免/免税amendment:修正案addendum:附录NoticeInvitingBids(NIB):招标通知InstructionstoBidders(ITB)：投标方的指导SpecialConditionsofContract(SCC):合同特别条款Imperative:必要的；紧急的Incometax：所得税Stringent:严格的Purge:清洗Accessgallery:通道走廊Wallcladding:墙面覆盖层Envisage:设想Convection：对流Steamtracing:蒸汽伴热Atomization:雾

42、化Drainable:可疏出的Radiant:辐射的In-linearrangement:直列式布置Verticalspindle:竖轴式Gravimetrictype:重力式Prooflight:防灯Clamshellbucket蛤壳式抓斗Chute:斜溜槽；落料管Coalchute:落煤槽管Coalstation:煤场Dustcollectionsystem:集尘系统Dustcontrolsystem:防尘系统FCA(freezecontrolagent)防冻剂Fabricfilter:布袋式除尘器Fullpoweroperation：满负荷运行Railroadcar:火车车皮Self-u

43、nloading:自卸式的Stoker:自动加煤机；煤排；煤篦子Suspensionfiring:悬浮式燃烧Utility:公用事业；中心电厂Wetsuppression:喷湿压制Transferpoint:转运点；转运站Baffleplate:挡板，导流板Corrugatedsteamscrubber:波纹状蒸汽洗涤器Perforatedplate:多孔板Radiantpanelsuperheater:辐射屏式过热器RAPH:RegenerativeAirPre-Heater再生式空气预热器Thermocouple:热电偶Airsealpiping：汽封管路Deluge：暴雨；洪水Axial

44、sealstraightedge:轴向密封直尺Pinrack:系索栓架Pyramidal：锥形的Ashhooper:灰斗Slidingbearingsupport:滑动轴承支撑Collectingelectrode:集尘电极Boughtoutitem:外购件Ashhopper:灰斗Flueduct：烟道Aerodynamic:空气动力学的reentrainmentofdust：二次扬尘uniformdistributionofrappingforce:扌白打力的均匀分布emittingelectrode:发射电极spiralelectrode:螺旋电极taut:拉紧的besusceptible

45、to:能经受的behousedin：封装于rigidframework:刚性架shaftinsulator:振打绝缘轴gasdistributionscreen:气体分配屏even/uniform:均匀的tumblinghammersbringdown：减少；降低fastramp:快速延迟compressionload:压缩荷载insulatorheatercapacitance:电容persistlouvertype:百叶窗式guillotine:闸式resinbonded:树脂胶合的wirenetting:金属网self-tappingscrew:自攻螺丝soilborings:土壤碎屑b

46、alanceddraft：平衡通风combustible:可燃物coalfineness:煤细度turndownratio:最大喷油量和最小喷油量的调节比Ignitor(HighEnergySparkIgnitor):高能火花燃烧器Coalbunker:煤仓/储煤槽Pressurizingpump:增压泵Decantingpump:减压泵UOM:unitofmeasurement度量单位Bladepitch：叶距Handcrank:手摇曲柄Duty：工况；工作状态Shellandhead:外壳和封头Diffuser:导叶Tapping:分接Penthouse：闭室Aerofoil：风板Venturi:文丘里管Purgemeter:微量量计Throughput:生产能力ms:millisecond毫秒SER:sequenceofeventsrecordingBinary:双重的SWAS:Steam&wateranalysiss