商务英语综合教程第一册ppt课件(完整版)

1、Unit 1International Economic and Trade OrganizationsContentWarm-up ActivitiesBackground InformationText AnalysisExtended ActivitiesWritingWarm-up activitiesI. The following is a list of abbreviations for some important international or regional organizations. Write down the full names and their equi

2、valents in Chinese.1. ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟（东盟）2. IMF International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织3. IOC International Olympic committee 国际奥委会4. NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 北大西洋公约组织5. WHO World Health Organization 世界卫生组织6. OPEC Organization of the Petroleum Exporti

3、ng Countries 石油输出国组织7. ICC The International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会8. WB World Bank 世界银行9. ISO International Standardization Organization 国际标准化组织10. BFA Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛Background InformationThe three major international economic organizations are the World Bank, the International Moneta

4、ry Fund (IMF), and the World Trade Organization (WTO). The WTO emerged out of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1995; it is an arrangement across countries that serves as a forum for negotiations on trading rules as well as a mechanism for dispute settlements in trade issues. By c

5、ontrast, the World Bank and IMF deal with their member countries one at a time. They have little influence with industrial countries but can affect developing countries during times of economic crisis and when those countries seek additional foreign exchange resources. The origins and evolution of t

6、he three organizations are of considerable interest. Perhaps even more important in light of the recent financial crises in Mexico, East Asia, and a few other countries, are the questions that arise about the current and future roles of the IMF and the World Bank.International Monetary Fund (IMF)Tim

7、e: Dec. 27,1945Headquarters: WashingtonStatus: IMF & world bank are two major financial institutions in the worldDuty: supervise the monetary exchange rate & provide the skill/fundIMFThree major objectives:Promote global monetary and exchange stabilityFacilitate the expansion and balanced growth of

8、international trade Assist in the establishment of a multilateral system of payments for current transactions Combat economic instability through:Surveillance: Monitoring of economic and financial developments, and the provision of policy advice, aimed especially at crisis-preventionLending: Provide

9、s temporary financing and support policies aimed at correcting the underlying problems in countries with balance of payments difficultiesTechnical Support: Provides countries with technical assistance and training in its areas of expertise7WTOThe World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global int

10、ernational organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations.At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the worlds trading nations and ratified in their parliaments.The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their b

11、usiness.The WTO was born out of negotiations; everything the WTO does is the result of negotiations. The WTO has 153 members WTO founder members (1 January 1995) WTO subsequent members 9WTO FunctionsThe WTOs main objective is to help trade flow smoothly, freely, fairly and predictably. It does this

12、by:Administering trade agreementsActing as a forum for trade negotiationsSettling trade disputesReviewing national trade policiesAssisting developing countries in trade policy issues, through technical assistance and training programsCooperating with other international organizationsText Analysis1.

13、The bulk of the WTOs current work comes from the 1986-94 negotiations called the Uruguay Round and earlier negotiations under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).WTO现行的一些工作都是源自于1986-1994年间乌拉圭回合谈判，以及早期在关贸总协定（GATT）下的一些谈判。bulk 1. N-SING You can refer to somethings bulk when you want to em

14、phasize that it is very large. 大块书面例： The truck pulled out of the lot, its bulk unnerving against the dawn. 拂晓时分，卡车驶出了停车场，庞大的车身看起来有点儿可怕。2. N-SING You can refer to a large persons body or to their weight or size as their bulk. 庞大肥硕的身躯例： Bannol lowered his bulk carefully into the chair. 班诺尔那肥硕的身躯小心地坐落

15、到了椅子上。Text Analysis3. QUANT The bulk of something is most of it. 大部分QUANT of def-n例：The bulk of the text is essentially a review of these original documents. 正文的大部分基本上是对这些原始文献的回顾。4. PHRASE If you buy or sell something in bulk, you buy or sell it in large quantities. 大批地 (买卖)例： Buying in bulk is more

16、 economical than shopping for small quantities. 大批采购比少量购买更经济实惠。the bulk of 大多数，大部 in bulk 整批，散装；大批，大量 bulk production 批量生产 bulk order 大宗订单 bulk purchase 大量采购，成批采购 bulk up 胀大；形成大数目 Text Analysiscome fromto be or have been a resident or native (of) 来自例：Most people who come from other countries seem to

17、 fit in with the way of life here. 大多数从外国来的人似乎适应这里的生活方式。come out from trouble从烦恼中走出来come back from work下班回来come back from leave休假归来Come back from hell从地狱回来吧Come out from shell走出阴影come back from回来Text Analysis2. The systems overriding purpose is to help trade flow as freely as possible so long as the

18、re are no undesirable side-effects because this is important for economic development and well-being. That partly means removing obstacles.这个体系的重要目标是，只要没有不良的负面效应情况下，尽可能的帮助贸易自由流动，因为这对经济发展和社会福祉是很重要的。这部分的意味着要去除障碍。overriding1. ADJ In a particular situation, the overriding factor is the one that is the m

19、ost important. 最重要的例：My overriding concern is to raise the standards of state education. 我最关心的是提高国民教育水平。Text Analysisflow /fl/ (flowing, flowed, flows) 1. V-I If a liquid, gas, or electrical current flows somewhere, it moves there steadily and continuously. 流动例：A stream flowed gently down into the v

20、alley. 一条小溪缓缓地流进山谷。2. V-I If a number of people or things flow from one place to another, they move there steadily in large groups, usually without stopping. (大量人或物) 流动例：Large numbers of refugees continue to flow from the troubled region into the no-mans land. 大批的难民持续从骚乱地区涌进无人区。Text Analysis3. V-I I

21、f information or money flows somewhere, it moves freely between people or organizations. (信息) 传播; (资金) 流通例：A lot of this information flowed through other police departments. 该信息大批地传到了其他警务部门。Phraseflow in 流入 flow field 流场，痢 flow rate 流量；流速 process flow 工序流程 cash flow 资金流动 Text Analysisundesirable 1.

22、ADJ If you describe something or someone as undesirable, you think they will have harmful effects. 不受欢迎的; 不利的例： Inflation is considered to be undesirable because of its adverse effects on income distribution. 通货膨胀因其对收入分配的反作用而被认为是不利的。remove (removing, removed, removes) 1. V-T If you remove something

23、from a place, you take it away. 移开书面例： As soon as the cake is done, remove it from the oven. 蛋糕一烤好，就把它从烤箱里移出来。2. V-T If you remove clothing, you take it off. 脱下; 摘下书面例： He removed his jacket. 他脱掉了夹克。Text Analysis3. V-T If you remove a stain from something, you make the stain disappear by treating it

24、 with a chemical or by washing it. 去除 (痕迹); 洗掉 (污渍)例： This treatment removes the most stubborn stains. 这个处理方法能洗掉最顽固的污渍。4. V-T If people remove someone from power or from something such as a committee, they stop them from being in power or being a member of the committee. 把免职例： The student senate vot

25、ed to remove Fuller from office. 大学评议会投票将富勒免职了。remove oneself 戏谑语挪动挪动;走开,离开： remove all 删除所有；全部移除 remove from 除掉；移动 at one remove 隔一代(之嫡亲) Text Analysisobstacle 1. N-COUNT An obstacle is an object that makes it difficult for you to go where you want to go, because it is in your way. 障碍物例： Most compe

26、tition cars will only roll over if they hit an obstacle. 多数赛车在撞到障碍物时都会翻车。2. N-COUNT You can refer to anything that makes it difficult for you to do something as an obstacle. 障碍例： Overcrowding remains a large obstacle to improving conditions. 过度拥挤仍然是改善条件的一大障碍。Text Analysis3. Trade relations often inv

27、olve conflicting interests.involve (involving, involved, involves) 1. V-T If a situation or activity involves someone, they are taking part in it. 涉及例： If there was a cover-up, it involved people at the very highest levels of government. 如果有掩盖真相的行为，它就牵扯到了处于政府最高层的那些人。2. V-T If you involve someone in

28、something, you get them to take part in it. 使参与Phrase involve in 参与；涉及；卷入，陷入 Exercise:I. Answer the following questions according to the text:1. Can you use one sentence to describe the WTO?2. How many ways are there to look at the WTO?3. Why do we consider the WTO as a negotiating forum?1. Simply p

29、ut: the World Trade Organization (WTO) deals with the rules of trade between nations at a global or near-global level.2. There are a number of ways of looking at the WTO. Its an organization for liberalizing trade. Its a forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements. Its a place for them to se

30、ttle trade disputes. It operates a system of trade rules.3. Essentially, the WTO is a place where member governments go, to try to sort out the trade problems they face with each other. The first step is to talk. The WTO was born out of negotiations, and everything the WTO does is the result of nego

31、tiations.4. Besides liberalizing trade, what other function does the WTO have?5. What is the role of the WTO agreements?6. What is the WTO systems overriding purpose?7. How will disputes be settled within the WTO?4. the WTO is not just about liberalizing trade, and in some circumstances its rules su

32、pport maintaining trade barriers for example to protect consumers or prevent the spread of disease.5. These documents provide the legal ground-rules for international commerce. They are essentially contracts, binding governments to keep their trade policies within agreed limits.6. The systems overri

33、ding purpose is to help trade flow as freely as possible so long as there are no undesirable side-effects because this is important for economic development and well-being.7. The most harmonious way to settle these differences is through some neutral procedure based on an agreed legal foundation. Th

34、at is the purpose behind the dispute settlement process written into the WTO agreements.8. When did the WTO be established? 9. How do you understand the WTO was “born in 1995, but not so young”?10. Are there any difference between the WTO and its predecessor, GATT?8. The WTO began life on 1 January

35、1995. 9. Although the WTO was established in 1995, but its trading system is half a century older. Since 1948, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) had provided the rules for the system. It did not take long for the General Agreement to give birth to an unofficial, de facto internationa

36、l organization, also known informally as GATT. Over the years GATT evolved through several rounds of negotiations.10. Whereas GATT had mainly dealt with trade in goods, the WTO and its agreements now cover trade in services, and in traded inventions, creations and designs (intellectual property).Wor

37、d PracticeFill in the blanks with appropriate words from the text. Theinitial letter of each word has been supplied for you.1. The chairmans veto was o by the committee.2, Factory workers in southern China clashed with police this week in a d about severance pay, Xinhua reported yesterday.3. Scienti

38、sts still cannot p exactly where in the state such a quake will occur or when. 4. While investors did not appreciate the direction of the market, at all times the markets were accessible, liquid and t .5. Scientists think that birds probably e from reptiles.1. overridden 2. dispute 3. predict 4. tra

39、nsparent 5. evolved6. He considers there to be plenty of room in the world for the two to grow their economies amicably, without c .7. Mr. Zhous comments on the currency Saturday were the most direct suggestion to date by a Chinese official that the yuans current d peg to the dollar wont be maintain

40、ed indefinitely.8. If you i a novel, dream result, etc., you give an explanation of what it means.9. For years the UN has clung to its reputation as a n arbiter, and managed to avoid becoming a militant target.10. Dear athletes, remember that you are role models for the youth of the world. Reject do

41、ping and cheating. Make us proud of your achievements and your c .6. conflict 7. de facto 8. interpret 9. neutral 10. conductWord PracticeFill in the blanks with the appropriate words or phrases given in thebox. Change the forms where necessary. lead to so long as in other words sort out be born out

42、 of give birth to look at as as possible base on face with1. For now, I suggest you readers responses to your problem and take heart at the number of others who are also depressed - and have found ways of coping.2. America, in short, will come to a country that might become its greatest rival in the

43、 21st century.3. Everyone lives their life by sort of internalized list of values or moral code, but many people dont take the time to what they really believe in.1. look at 2. face with 3. sort out 4. Method, wisdom and miracle diligence.5. The only way to improve your reading ability is to read !6

44、. China is not satisfied within its own borders, how can it be satisfied in the world?7. She is always depending on others, , she never does things by herself . 4. are born out of 5. as much as possible6. So long as 7. in other words 8. The film begins by telling us it is actual recollections of the

45、 people involved.9. Love is a desire that comes straight from the heart with a wealth of exceeding pleasure. Our eyes first love, and our hearts give it sustenance.10. Art a more profound thought of life, since art itself is the deeper represent of emotion.8. based on 9. give birth to 10. lead toIV.

46、 TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English: 1. 人民期待政府解决这些问题，我们会全力以赴。2. 有时一个人的建树是在逆境中产生的。 3. 中国最近面临着严重的产品安全问题。 4. 只要不吃得太多，你可以吃任何东西。5. 那位科学家的实验产生了一种新药。1. People expect us to sort out these issues, we will do so. 2. There are times in everyones life when something constructive is born o

47、ut of adversity . 3. China has recently been faced with serious issues of product safety. 4. You may eat anything, so long as you dont eat too much.5. The scientists experiments gave birth to a new drug.V. Reading comprehensionRead the text carefully, and choose the best answer.Packaging is a very i

48、mportant form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate people to buy products. For example, a little child might ask for a breakfast food contained in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or

49、 cut out, games printed on a package, or a small gift inside a box also motivate many children to buy products - or to ask their parents to buy for them.Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing. Food products sold in reusable containers are examples of this. Although a simil

50、ar product in plain container might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.The size of a package also motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has “E

51、conomy Size” or “Family Size” printed on it. This suggests that the larger size has the most product for the least money. But that is not always true. To find it out, a buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.The information on the package should provide some answer

52、s. But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement. The words and pictures do not tell the whole story. Only the product inside can do that.1.“A buyer will get something for nothing” in paragraph 2 may probably mean _.A) a buyer will not get what he pays

53、 forB)a buyer will get more than what he pays forC) a buyer will get something useful free of chargeD) a buyer will get more but pay less2. From the passage we know the buyer pays more attention to _.A) the size of a containerB) a container with attractive pictureC) a well-designed containerD) a pla

54、in container with low cost3. What suggestion does the writer give in the passage?A) Its not good to buy the product which is sold in a glass or dish.B) The quality of a container has nothing to do with the quality of the product.C) The best choice for a buyer is to buy a product in a plain package.D

55、) A buyer should buy what he needs most rather than a well-designed package.1.A2.C3.D 4. Which of the following sentences is NOT true according to the passage?A) In fact glasses or dishes used for packaging do not cost money at all.B)“Family Size” printed on the package means that it is rather econo

56、mic.C) To a child, even to an adult, the form is far more important than the content.D) Words and pictures written on the package are thought to be an advertisement.5. What do you think is the best title for the passage?A) How to Package a Product.B) How to Make an Advertisement.C) How to Sell Produ

57、ct.D) How to Attract More Buyers.4.A 5.AWriting: Welcome SpeechI. What is a welcome speech?It is a short and brief speech that is used during various events and functions, of both business and personal nature to either introduce the event or in some situations to introduce a person and welcome him o

58、r her. If the welcome speech serves to introduce an event or an occasion, then it needs to be a pleasant mix of formal and informal, so that it sets the right mood. In case the welcome speech serves to introduce a person, then you will need to add personal information to the speech and ensure that y

59、ou refer to how the persons experience in his various capacities is relevant, to the event he is presiding over. An important thing to be kept in mind about a welcome speech is that it should be informative, complementary and positive. Welcome speech samples and tips on how to write welcome speeches

60、 will help you understand this better.II. How to Write Welcome SpeechesIt is important to know the most important points to be kept in mind while writing a welcome speech. Given below are some tips that will help you draft welcome speeches and come up with some welcome speech ideas. While writing we