21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课后练习答案(1-3单元)

1、 21 世纪大学英语读写教程第二册课后练习答案（1-3 单元）It was a military campaign in which manysoldiers died. The effects on Churchill were () he lost his political position and he was overwhelmed with grief.He felt so inspired to paint that he wasdistracted from his personal problems.His sister-in- laws painting inspired

2、him to try his hand at it; his wife rushed out to buy all the materials he would need; and the wife of Sir John Laveryhelped him overcome his fear of the blank canvas.The blank whiteness of the canvas made him feel he didnt know where to begin. This nervousness was not typical of Churchill, who was

3、known publicly as a brave and strong-willed person. Churchill was comparing the canvas to anopponent in a fight, and he could now see that he need not fear his “adversary”.He meant that Churchill would have beena great painter, just as he was a great politician.It was his great comfort when the deat

4、hof his mother was followed quickly by the death of his daughter.Because the judges suspected that it wasnot painted by an amateur; they were later surprised anddelighted because Churchill was not just a famous political figure but also a talented untrained artist.No, she considers that decade an ar

5、tistically fruitful one.10.He meant that painting was like a friend who never betrayed or abandoned him. This seems to suggest thathe often felt lonely, misunderstood and/or disappointed inhis relationship with other people. III.1.artistic 2.overcome 3.infinite 4.plunged 5.mission 6.camgpain 7.reviv

6、ed 8.distract 9.accustomed 10.retreat 11.precaution 12. disastrousIV.1. delighted with 2. bore fruit 3. kept Clementine company 4. rely on5. take refuge 6. awaken people to 7. pay the price 8. chanced upon; dated from9. tried his hand at 10. fell upon; came to her rescue1. broadens the mind 2. weake

7、ned 3. sweeten Diet Coke 4.hardens 5. strengthen6. deepen your understanding of the course materiall 7.sharpen the kitchen knives 8. reddened 9. brighten; quickens 10. lightenedVI.lucky 2. wealthy 3. tasty 4. icy 5.wavy 6. smelly 7. sleepy 8. noisy (smelly is also plausible) 9. healthy 10. sunnyStru

8、ctureVII.Amazed at the great changes that are taking place in shanghai, many foreign visitors leave China with a completely new view of our country.Unpleasantly startled by the appearanceof a mouse, we promptly decided to clean our apartment.Tired of their own cooking, theyve decided to go to a rest

9、aurant for a change.Frightened by the horror film, the little girl was alert to every sound in the house that night. Deeply disappointed with the actresss performance, tom soon switched to another channel.6.Embarrassed about still being in bed at10 a.m., when my friends came I pretended to be sick w

10、itha terrible headache.1. So I did 2. So did my brother 3. So she was 4. So they do; so do his classmates 5. So am Ilonely; overcame; refuge; finally; however; where; delighted; contemplated; entry; campaign; distract; plunged into; Within a month; rescue; when; overwhelming“在画画呢!她大声说道。多么有趣。可你还在等什么呢

11、?把画笔给我-大的那支。她猛地用笔蘸起颜料，还没等我缓过神 来，她已经挥笔泼墨在惊恐不已的画布上画下了有力的几道蓝色。谁都看得出画布无法回击。我不再迟疑。我抓起那支最大的画笔，迅猛异常地向我可怜的牺牲品扑了过去。自那以后，我再也不曾害怕过画布。”When his wife died of a stroke in her sixties, the 72-year-old retired professor was overwhelmed by grief. Life would be too difficult for him without anybody to rely on.Last mo

12、nth two amateur painters held anexhibition of their pictures in London. Many people went to see it, including a few celebrated professors.When seven astronauts died in the Challenger disaster in the mid-1980s, it plunged the whole worldinto shock and grief.After completing her second prime ministry,

13、 she remained actively involved in political affairs. S he came to the rescue several times when the government was in difficulty.5.After his failure in the election campaign, Dr. Smith retired to a small village, where he tried his hand at farming.As long as you keep working hard all your life, you

14、 will recall your past with a glow of satisfaction.We must awaken people to the importanceof environmental protection now, or it will soon be too late.That official was removed from office for being involved in a political scandal. Had he known thiswould happen, he might have acted differently. (1)C

15、hurchill bought a new house. (2) Another child wasborn to Churchill.My sister Stephanie began her love affair with television in the second grade amid highly emotional circumstances.She had had a quarrel with her best friend, and found herself alone and lonely every day after school with nothingto d

16、o. Thats when the miracle of television came toTextF 1.I1.label4.motivat5.transplanted 6.horrified 7.bond 8.constitut9.surged 10.prejudice 11.resents 12. recommendationsIV.NB. these are not the only possible synoms/definitions/translations.3. springs from; arises from, comes from4. get ahead; make p

17、rogress in life, achieve more, etc.5. showed up; appeared, arrived 8. cope with; find a way of dealing with, manage9. divided the cake into; 把蛋糕分成10. excluded from; 被剥夺了11. committed to; devoted to, dedicated to12. make it to; arrive at or on after much effortV.1. sense of guilt3. imbued her withng2

18、. finally4.offspri5. horrified, motivated me 6. recommendations, To startwith 7. nave 8. by contrastVI.misplaced2. mismatche4. misleadd 7. misspStructureVII.after the earthquake the government spent millions of dollars to help the victims rebuild their houses.will you reconsider your decision? No on

19、e wants you to leave.Some of Lu Xuns writings were lost fordecades, but they were rediscovered in the mid-80s.I see no need to restate the policy on late homework.The librarys been rearranged, and I cant find any of the books I need.I hope this dictionary will be reprinted soon Id like to buy one. 1

20、3. Stevie Wonders earliest albums hav e been unavailable for several years, but theyre being re-released next month.14. I didnt care much for the book the first time,but I enjoyed it when I reread it.15. John Harding is best known for reinterpreting Shakespeares plays.16. Youve misunderstood melet m

21、e rephrase what Isaid.A. gardener calculator receiver container commander remainder hike inspector steamerprocessor supervise builder contributor consumer paint teenagerB. 1.superviser 2. inspector 3. remainder 4. processor 5. gardener 6. calculator 7. commander 8. container 9. hikinIt was for the b

22、enefit of the old peoplein the neighborhood that we organized this volunteer group.It is only when we look back that we realize how far we have come.It is his secretary who does all the work.It is through the act of giving that weexperience our fullest strength and power.It was gold that led them to

23、 undertake the long and risky journey to California.As I recall, it was you who suggested this idea in the first place. 7.8.It wasnt until last week that they finished their report on the project.Its her beautiful eyes that I cant forget.1. The elephant weighs about 3,600 kg, whereas the bluewhale w

24、eighs up to 130, 000 kg.2.The word youngster has a cheerful connotation, whereas offspring sounds rather clinical.3. Confucianism emphasizes family ties, whereas Protestantism teaches individual responsibility.4.The earliest mammals appeared on the earth hundred millions years ago, whereas the first

25、 evidence of humans dates from only about one million year ago.5. The aim of the natural science is to predict and control natural process, whereas the aim of the social science is to understand human behavior. 6. He must be about sixty, whereas his wife looks aboutthirty.儒教也为亚洲人的成功提供了另一个要素。在孔夫子的哲学中

26、，家庭起着最重要的作用-这种定向引导人们为家庭的荣誉而学习工作，而不仅仅是为了他们自己。一个人永远无法报答他的父母，而且在亚洲人中间还有一种责任感、乃至负罪感，这是一种如同新教哲学在西方一样的强大力量。XII.Female students constitute the majority of our class. By contrast, their class is made up of males only.10.American children can usually watch TV three hours a day, whereas their Chinese counterp

27、arts have to workon their homework during most their after-school time. 11.His development of a series of new research methods led to his huge success. He said he owed all this tohis parents encouragement.12.He resented being excluded from discussions that directly concerned his future.13.The fact t

28、hat these problems are continually showing up suggests that this new device has to be readjusted.14.As one of the many Asian students who have surged into the best American universities in recent years, Zhang Hua says that many of his ideas are based on traditional Chinese philosophy.15.To start wit

29、h, it is not merely money that makes Mr. Young work so hard. He is committed to educating theyoung and tires to motivate them to get ahead in life.16.As time was running out, we drove even faster in the hope that we could make it to the airport in time. 1. immigrant 2. than 3. obligation 4. motivate

30、d 5.widespread6. however 7. although 8. discrimination 9. but/although 10. One day11. guilty 12. horrified 13. repay 14. oweReading AnalysisXII.To start with, we need higher standards for our kidssecond, American parents need to become more committed totheir childrens education. And third, our schoo

31、l could bereorganized in simple but effective ways.Students at our university admire their English teachers for three main reasons. To start with, the teachers hard work and dedication are highly inspiring to us. Second,the wonderfully creative lessons they prepare strongly m otivate us to study as

32、hard as we should. And third, our teachers warmly human characters create bonds of friendship that will last forever.The author is talking about cultural differences: different ways of doing things in different cultures; different attitudes, traditions, beliefs, etc. she or he says neither side can

33、understand because people are not usually conscious of their deepest cultural attitudes.The American company George worked for started a joint venture with a Japanese firm, and they needed someone to train the Japanese engineers. George was themost highly qualified employee for the position, and he

34、accepted a two-year contract for temporary transfer to Japan. The Japanese liked Georges nonassertivenature, his expertise and his willingness to help; its also implied that they liked his efforts to learn Japanese,and that the secretaries liked the fact that he was single. These qualities contribut

35、ed to his becoming a culturaltranslator by making the Japanese trust him, feel comfortable with him, and grow accustomed to asking him for all kinds of advice.He had to reinvent himself because his expertise as an engineer was no longer needed, but he didnt want to leave Japan. The company accepted

36、his reinvention because they had heard lots of horror stories about cultural conflicts and recognized the value of having someone like George around.The author means that the misunderstandings were not always merely linguistic.The examples imply that there is a strong group orientation in Japanese b

37、usiness, that sentiment can be as important as profit and efficiency, and that employees may be valued for something other than their material contribution to the company. the fact that these example s mystified the US side implies that in American businessrelations, profit and efficiency are consid

38、ered more important than sentiment, and that Americans expect logical explanations for decisions, expenditures, etc.Because the words and actions of the American visitors could be misinterpreted by the Japanese: things that could seem crazy or rude to the Japanese are normal to Americans.Because the

39、 author believes that language problems are not a serious barrier, compared with cultural differences.surpassed 2. approved 3. ensure 4.thriving 5.escalated6. qualified 7. represent 8. apparent 9. justify 10.conflictsIV. 1. go along with 2. from the farmers viewpoint 3.multitudes of4. run into6. pic

40、ked u8. gotten into the habit ofth over9. smoo1. due to 2. thanks to 3. due to 4. Thanks to 5.due to 6. Thanks toVI.Interchangeable: that can be used in place of each otherInterface: a place or area where different things meetand have an effect on each other Intersection: a joint where two roads or

41、lines crossInterdisciplinary: involving two or more disciplinesInterview: an occasion when a person is asked questionsby one or more other peopleintercontinental 2. interface 3. intersection4. interchangeable 5. interview 6. interdisciplinaryVII.Almost everyone would like to have moremoney for nones

42、sential goods and services just because they make life a little more pleasant.Mr. Peterson is the chairman of nonprofit charity organization.Hostility towards outsiders is characteristic of both humans and non-humans.Although Im a nonsmoker, I dont support discrimination against smokers. 5.6.It woul

43、d be nonsense to say that all Asian societies are the same.Theres a difference between using wordsin a nonstandard way and using them incorrectly.1. among 2. conflicts 3. made 4. understanding8. run into 9.13. Thatsis 14. escalating 15. parties从一开始，乔治就被所有的日本雇员欣然接受。日方经理通常不信任任何被派去代表美方业主的人，但乔治生性随和，没有人把

44、他看作是对自己职业的一种威胁。所以他们喜欢就广泛的各类问题征求他的意见，包括大洋彼岸他们的合作伙伴的古怪行为。公司上下的工程师们都珍视乔治的专业知识和他友好而技能熟练的帮助，他们已养成了一有问题-任何问题，就找他帮忙的习惯。办公室里的秘书们都热衷于帮助这个讨人喜欢的单身汉学习日语。 1. When this temporary job came to an end, George was offered a permanent job, which he accepted at once.2. To ensure that their ventures in Japan are profita

45、ble, the American companies need cultural translators even more than language translators.3. As a cultural translator, George was eager to help the Japanese employees who came to ask his advice on a great many matters, both within and outside of his field of expertise.4. Somehow or other, George persuaded the American manager to go along with the Ja