主谓一致 课件-初高中英语衔接课程

1、HelloAGREEMENT主谓一致 主语的人称和单复数形式决定着谓语动词对应的形式。主谓一致主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：1. 由and连接(1) He and she _both students of this school. 一、语法一致原则are(2) 双重身份，谓语用单。 The singer and dancer_ going to give us a performance. The singer and the dancer_ going to give us a performance. isare2. 主语是to do,doing 或主语从句时,谓语用单。When he i

2、s coming _ very important.（seem） Collecting stamps _ his hobby. To love her _ not to break her wings. seemsisis3. 定语从句中,与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 1.Those who_ singing may join us.（enjoy） 2.Tom, who _ your friend, should help you. enjoyiseither . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or连接并列主语时，或在there

3、 be句型中, 就近一致。二、就近原则Neither you nor I _ wrong. There _ a cup of tea and some apples on the table.amis1.The teacher, together with his students, _ planting trees in the street. 2.Nobody but Jim and Mike _on the playground. is2. 由 with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, without, except, b

4、ut, rather than, including 连接并列主语，就前/远一致。 例如：is三、意义一致原则 指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的语法形式, 而是其实际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples _rotten. All of the apple _rotten. are isNone of the money_ left. None of the students _ there. i

5、s is/areNone 和 neither 有时当作单数看待，有时当作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。做主语时，谓动可用单数，也可用复数。但在代表不可数名词时常看作单数，因而谓动须用单数。1.Half of the students _finished theircomposition. (have) 2.Half of the apple _bad. 3.About 60 percent of the students in our school _boys. haveisare2. the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent

6、 of; one third of在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。3. 集合名词作主语, 动词可用单数, 也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group。As far as I know, his family _not big but the family _all music lovers. is are 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle, poultry(家禽)

7、等,形式上是单数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。people指“民族”时是例外。 1.The police _ searching for a thief. 2.The cattle _ eating grass on the hill. 3.The Chinese people _ brave and hard-working. 4.The Chinese _ a brave and hard-working people.areareareis5. 复合不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody, anyone,

8、 anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing。Someone_ asking for you. Nothing _ found in the room. isis6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, pants, shoes, glasses,scissors（剪刀）等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。如: The shoes _ worn out. The pair of shoes _ worn out. areisPhysics is

9、a very interesting subject.The news is so surprising.Do you know when the United States was set up?以s结尾的词，但表示学科, 国家，机构，书籍，报刊等名词作主语，如maths, politics, physics, news, economics 等，谓语动词应用单数。8. every. and every .; each . and each .; no . and no . 在以上短语中and连接的单数名词, 整个短语在句中作主语时, 谓语动词常使用单数。 Each man and each

10、 woman_ asked to attend. is10. 有些名词的单复同形, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 1. This works_ set up in 1989. 2. These works_ set up in 1989. 3. His works_ to be published.waswereare11. many a, more than one, one and a half与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。 Many a boy _

11、seen it. (have) One and a half bananas _ left on the table. 12. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。 Thirty years _ not a long time. Roots _ a famous American novel.hasisisis1. this kind of book = a book of this kind (这种书) , 其谓语用单数; 短语this kind of men = men of this kind(这一类人), 但this kind of men 的谓语

12、用单数, men of this kind 的谓语用复数, all kinds of 后跟复数名词, 谓语用复数形式。（type,sort 有相同用法）例如：应该注意的几个问题: This kind of men _ dangerous. Men of this kind _dangerous.2. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如: Here _ a bus and five cars.(come) Between the two windows _ a picture.(hang)isarehangscomes3. “分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语以及由“ a lo

13、t of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致。例如:Lots of damage_ caused by fire.About three-fourths of the earths surface _ covered with water.Three-fifths of the workers here _women.和这种情况类似的还有“a number of + 名词复数”。但是,“the number of + 名词复数”的中心词却是number

14、。试比较： wasisare1.A number of students _ gone to the countryside to help with the autumn harvest.（have）2.The number of pages in this book _ two hundred.haveis注意:4.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数。A large quantity of people _ needed here.quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。例如:Qu

15、antities of food (nuts) _ on the table.isare1. A large amount of (A great deal of) damage _ done in a very short time.2. Large amounts of money _ spent on the bridge.waswere a great deal of, a large amount of, 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数; large amounts of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数。例如:6. 如果主语由“the

16、+ 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the injured, the wounded, the unemployed 等; 但也有少数的过去分词与定冠词连用时指个别,则用单数。例如：The blind _ in special school.(study)The departed(死者)_ a well-known engineer.这类形容词或分词如果要表示个体时

17、,就要与名词man, person 或表示人的单数连用。例如: an old man, a rich person, the (a) wounded soldier.studywas改错：1. The singer and dancer are to attend our evening party.2. They each has an apple.3. He joins the football team who is all famous footballers.4. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, are going t

18、o visit Beijing this summer.5. As a result, of the serious flood, two- thirds of the buildings in the area needs repairing.6. Those who likes to sing can join us.7. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow are often acceptable.8. He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.9. Hard wor

19、k have made him very ill.10. Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught.ishaveareisneedlikeiswerehaswasI. 只用单数的：主语抽象表单一，集体名词整体看；and连接两名词，或人或物不可分；Every，each以及no，并用and连名词；三“e” neither不定代，所构合成正式单;News，means，works，貌似复数实则单；还有ics结尾学科词，国，书，剧名兼格言;时重长度与价值，主单不受随行控；many，more than连单数，名词数量一个半，谓语单数不多看。主谓一致口诀：II. 就近一致的1.以or, eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also等连接的名词（代词）作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应根据就近一致的原则。Neither you nor anybody else _ (know) an