人教版初二(上)英语第18讲：unit9语法篇(学生版)-张晶

1、第 页/共18页Theyvechangedthetimetable,sowecangobybusinstead.第1页/共18页Unit9语法篇学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。情态动词用法归纳情态动词有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,shall(should,will(would),dare(dared),need(needed),oughtto等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语一、can,could表示能力(体力、知识、技能)。Canyouliftthisheavybox?(体力

2、)Marycanspeakthreelanguages.(知识)Canyouskate?(技能)此时可用beableto代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而beableto则有更多的时态。Illnotbeabletocomethisafternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用beableto,不能用Can。如：Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.表示请求和允许。CanIgonow?Yes,youcan./No,youcant.此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替

3、，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?Yes,youcan.(No,Imafraidnot.)表示客观可能性(客观原因形成的能力)。Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.4）表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Canthisbetrue?Thiscantbedonebyhim.Howcanthisbetrue?二、may，might1）表示请求和允许。might比may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用cant或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。Might/M

4、ayIsmokeinthisroom?No，youmustnt.May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?Yes，youcan.（No，youcant/mustnt.）用MayI.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用CanI.?在口语中更常见。2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。Mayyousucceed!3）表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.三、must,haveto1）表示必须、必要。Youmustcom

5、eintime.在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不准），而用neednt,donthaveto（不必）.Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?Yes,youmust.No,youdonthaveto/youneednt.must是说话人的主观看法，而haveto则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时，haveto有更多的时态形式。heplayisntinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)YoureTomsgoodfriend,s

6、oyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.四、dare,needdare作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中，过去式形式为dared。HowdareyousayImunfair?HedarentspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?Ifwedarednotgotherethatday,wecouldntgetthebeautifulflowers.need作情态动词用时，常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。Yo

7、uneedntcomesoearly.NeedIfinishtheworktoday?Yes,youmust./No,youneednt.dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。Idaretoswimacrossthisriver.Hedoesntdare(to)answer.Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.【2019年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】Look!Thetrafficlighthastur

8、nedred.Westopourcar.A.canB.cantC.mustD.mustnt【贵州省安顺市2019年中考英语试题】一Hebeintheclassroom,Ithink.No,hebeintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.A.can；maynotB.must；maynotC.may；mustntD.may；cant【山东省泰安市2019年中考英语试题】Nowadays.allpassengersgothroughsafetycheckbeforetakeatrain.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will【德州市二O五年初中学业水平考试

9、英语试题】一Mr.Wang,mustIcomeagaintocleantheclassroomonSunday?一No，you.IhaveaskedKatetodoit.A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt【2019浙江省杭州市中考英语试题】Harrysbeendrivingallday-hebetired.A.needB.canC.shallD.must基础演练中考训练【北京市2019年中考英语试题】-Jack，yourideabike?-Yes，Ican.A.canB.mayC.needD.must【海南省2019年中考英语试题】Mr.Zhoucantfindh

10、isIDcardanywhere.Itbelost.A.cantB.shouldC.must【河北省2019年中考英语试题】Theresanimportantfootballmatchtoday.Imissit.A.mayB.cantC.mustD.neednt【黑龙江省龙东地区2019年中考英语试题】一Whataboutgoingswimmingthisafternoon?一Youbejoking!DontyouknowImafraidofwater?A.mayB.canC.must【湖北省孝感市2019年中考英语试题】一Dick,Iuseyoure-dictionary?一Yes,sure

11、.yougiveittoDavidafteryouuseit?A.will;WouldB.may;MightC.can;CouldD.shall;Should【湖南省张家界市2019年中考英语试题】Youtellanybodyaboutthisitsasecret.A.canB.mustC.mustnt【江苏省常州市2019年中考英语试题】Whowillgiveusthespeechonpublicmanners?Mr.Brown，butImnotsure.A.canB.needC.mustD.might【江苏省盐城市2019年中考英语试题】-Doyouhaveanyplansforthiss

12、ummervacation?-Imnotsure.ItakeatriptoTaiwan.A.mustB.needC.mayD.should【山东省菏泽市2019年中考英语试题】一Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?Myschoolisfaraway.Itakethebustoschool.mustB.mightC.haveto【山东省青岛市2019年中考英语试题Youreturnthebooknow.Youcankeepituntilnextweekifyoulike.A.havetoB.cantC.mustntD.neednt【山东省烟台市2019年中考英语试题】一Icomp

13、letethecompositiontoday,sir?一No,youneednt.Youmaytomorrowmorning.A.Can,handitinB.May,handinitC.Must,handitinD.Need,handinit【上海市2019年中考英语试题】Martinwassobusyheoldthathegaveuphispart-timejob.A.helpingB.helpedC.tohelpD.help【上海市2019年中考英语试题】-Mum,IvisittheMovieMuseumtomorrow?-Imafraidyoucant.ItisclosedonMond

14、ay.A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.need巩固提高用can,may,must,need,haveto,hadbetter的适当形式填空：Youreturnthelibrarybookontime.I（not）findthewaytothehospital.youshowmetheway?Ifinishtheworkrightnow?No，you（not）.Youdoitlater.Hesaidhe（not）cometonight.Hermotherwasill.Shestayathomeandlookafterher.Ihavetostudyforatest.（变为否定句）Ist

15、udyforatest.Theycangototheconcert.（改为一般疑问句）theytotheconcert?CanMarygotoyourbirthdayparty?（作出否定回答）IoftenvisitmyauntonSundays.（用thedayaftertomorrow改写句子）Imyaunt.Joehastogotothedoctorbecausehehastheflu.（就划线部分提问）Joetogotothedoctor?一、单项选择（共15小题；共15.0分）Lilylikesplayingpiano,andshehaspianolessoneverySunday.

16、the；theB.the；aC./；theD./；aWhatareyoudoing?ImstudyingmymathtestTuesdaymorning.A.at；onB.for；onC.for；atD.on；forMysisterwenttoworkwithoutbreakfastthismorning.A.eatingB.toeatC.eatsD.ateIdontlikelivinginthiscity.Inautumnthereswindandtheweatherisalwayscoldinwinter.A.toomuch；muchtooB.toomuch；toomuchC.muchto

17、o；toomuchD.muchtoo；muchtooWouldyoucometomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?ImafraidI.Ihavetolookaftermygrandparents.A.wouldntB.cantC.wontD.mustntYoucantheswimmingclubfirst,andthenyoucantheswimminggame.A.join；takepartinB.takepartin；joinC.takepartin；takepartinD.join；join7.Ifinishmyhomeworknow?No,you.Yourw

18、orkisovertoday.A.Cant；mustB.Must；donthavetoC.May；couldntD.Couldnt；could8.?ItsMondaythe5th.A.HowareyoutodayB.WhattimeisitC.WhatsthedatetodayD.WhatstodayWouldyouliketoclimbmountainswithmethisSunday?Idloveto.ButIplaytabletennisagainstClassThree.A.amgoingB.amgoingtoC.amD.goingtoJenny,wouldyoupleasemydog

19、whenIamaway?Noproblem.A.lookupB.lookinC.lookatD.lookafterHowabouthavingapicnicthisweekend?Sorry,IamgoingtoAmericaforameeting.Letsmakeittime.A.othersB.theotherC.anotherD.otherThefansweretoknowthedeathoftheirfavoritesingingstarWhitneyHuston.A.gladB.angryC.excitedD.surprised13.IcantfindDavid.Whereishe?

20、Hefortomorrowscompetitionathome.A.preparesB.ispreparingC.haspreparedD.preparedWillyoupleaseinvitehimjoinsB.tojoiningIhadapleasantweekendonthefarm.Oh，thatsveryniceofyouC.Congratulationsinawritingcompetition?C.tojoinD.joiningItsapleasureD.Imgladtohearthat二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分）Imgoingtohaveapartyathometo

21、morrowevening.Itoldmymotherthatsheneedntdo16forme.ThistimeI17todoeverythingbymyself.Ihopeto18thepartyaniceone.I19invitationstoallmygoodfriendsthismorning.NowImthinkingabout20Ishoulddotomorrow.Ineedtocleanmyhouse21decorate（装饰）ittomorrowmorning.TomorrowafternoonIneedtodosomeshopping.Iplantosomesnacks（

22、小吃）,drinksandfruits.Therearetoomanythingstodo,soIthinkitbeaverybusydayformetomorrow.Thepartywillbegin246:30p.m.Iwillbe25toplaywithmyfriends.Oh，Icantwait!16.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing17.A.askB.takeC.decideD.get18.A.bringB.giveC.letD.make19.A.sendB.sentC.haveD.had20.A.whenB.whyC.whatD.

23、which21.A.butB.soC.orD.and22.A.buyB.sellC.takeD.eat23.A.canB.mustC.maynotD.cant24.A.onB.inC.atD.from25.A.surprisingB.surprisedC.excitingD.excited三、阅读理解（共9小题；共18.0分）AWhenyouhaveadinnerparty，whatshouldyoudo?Thefollowingwillhelpyou.Trytoopenthedoorforeachguest.Ifsomeoneelseanswersthedoor，gotowelcomeyou

24、rguestsassoonasyoucan.Alwaysoffertotaketheircoatsandask，Wouldyoulikemetotakeyourcoat?Peopleoftenbringgiftslikeflowersorchocolatestoadinnerparty.Bereadytoreceive接受）thegiftsiftheydo.Getavasesothatyoucanputtheflowersinwater.Neverleaveaguestunattended（没人照顾的），especiallywhenthereisonlyoneguest!Ifthereismo

25、rethanone，theycantalktoeachother.Ifthepartyisathome，agoodideaistohaveatoiletsignforpeoplewhodontknowyourhouse.Ifthepartyissomewhereelse，likearestaurant，trynottobetooloud，becausenoteveryoneintherestaurantisatyourparty.26.Ifothersanswerthedoor,youshould.gotoreceivetheirpresentsleavethemtalkfreelygotow

26、elcomeyourguestsassoonaspossibleD.closethedoorforthem27.Ifpeoplebringgiftstoyourdinnerparty,youshouldA.helpthemputthegiftsonthetableB.bereadytoreceivethemC.getavaseD.puttheflowersinwater28.Ifthereisonlyoneguest,youshould.A.makehim/hersitatatableB.makehim/herwaituntilyouarefreeC.neverleavehim/herunat

27、tendedD.nevertalktohim/her29.Ifyouhavethepartyathome,youshouldA.invitelotsofpeopleB.trytobeloudC.talkwitheachotherD.haveatoiletsignforpeoplewhodontknowyourhouseIfyouhavethepartyinarestaurant,youshould.A.trynottobetooloudB.haveatoiletsignforpeopleattendeveryoneD.talktoeveryoneIntheU.S.，themostpopular

28、waytowelcomethenewyeariswithabigparty.Somepartiesareatprivatehomes.Butinrecentyears，ithasbecomemoreandmorecommonforAmericanstogotoahoteloreating-placeonthenightofDecember31st.There，theycaneatabigdinner，drinkchampagne，anddancetoorchestramusic.MostNewYearspartiesareusuallynoisy.Peopleshoutandsing.Ando

29、ften，guestsblowonsmallnoisemakerswhenthenewyeararrivesatmidnight.Thistraditionofnoisemakingisbelievedtostartcenturiesago.Peoplethoughtthatloudsoundswoulddriveawaythebadspiritsoftheoldyear.Thebiggest，noisiestNewYearspartyintheU.S.takesplaceinTimesSquareinNewYork.Thousandsofpeoplegather（聚集）there.Someo

30、fthemringbellsandsetfireworks.Othersblowwhistlesofcarhorns（喇叭）.Andattwelveoclock,theybegintocheerasanelectricsignintheshapeofaredapplelightsupontopofatallbuilding.TheTimesSquarecelebrationincludesanotherwell-knownAmericantradition.Since1929，thebandofmusicianGuyLombardohasgivenaconcertonNewYearsEve.G

31、uyLombardodiedin1977.But，BillLombardo，haskeptthetraditionalivewithabandconcertataNewYorkcityhotel.WhenthecrowdsinTimesSquarestartcheeringthearrivalofthenewyear，televisioncamerasshowthebandplayingthesongAuldLangSyne.TOC o 1-5 h zThemostusualwaytowelcomethenewyearintheU.S.is.togoshoppingB.tomeetfriend

32、sC.totravelabroadD.toholdabigpartyThebiggestNewYearspartyintheU.S.is.A.inCentralParkB.inHollywoodC.inTimesSquareD.inDisneylandInthepast,someAmericanpeoplemadebignoisewhenthenewyeararrived.A.toexpresstheirfriendshiptodriveawaythebadspiritstomakeothersmoreexcitedtogivebestwishestoeachotherIn1929aconce

33、rtonNewYearsEvewasgivenby.thebandofGuyLombardothebandofBillLombardothebandofJohannStraussthebandofElvisAaronPresley四、阅读与表达（表格式）（共5小题；共10.0分）Hi，everyone!ImMary.Imhavingabusyweek!Mondayismydadsbirthday.Myfamilyishavingabigpartyforhimintheevening.IhavetosingChristmasCarolsonTuesday.Ithinkitwillbegreatf

34、un.OnWednesdayImgoingtotheRotaryMeeting，soIhavetowakeupat5:30a.m.AtnightImgoingtothepartyforGirlGuides.RickiscomingtomyhouseonThursdaymorning.Wearestudyingtogetherforatestintheafternoon.OnFridayIhavetogotoschoolandImgivingChristmaspresentstomyfriendsandteachers.Ihopetheylovethem!OnSaturdayImhavingtw

35、opartiesaKidsChristmasPartyinthemorningandaCityPartyatnight（MymomworksatCityHall）.IdonthaveanythingtodoonSundaymorning，soIplantogetuplatebecauseImsureIllbetiredafterSaturdaynight.Intheafternoon，Imgettingreadyforanewweek.根据短文内容，完成表格。每空不多于3个词。Monday35.birthdaypartyTuesdaysing36.WednesdayRotaryMeetinga

36、ndthepartyfor37.ThursdaystudyforthetestwithRickFridaygotoschoolandgive38.tofriendsandteachersSaturdayKidsChristmasPartyanda39.Sundaysleepandprepareforthenextweek五、单词拼写（单句首字母填空）（共5小题；共5.0分）Thestudentsarepreparingforthesciencee.MaryisgoingbacktoEngland.Letssaygtoher.Iwontgouyoucomeback.Ctheball,Jim.Ev

37、eryoneisverystohearthatsurprisingnews.六、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)(共5小题；共5.0分)The(prepare)forthepartytookhours.This(invite)tothemeetingisforGina.Canyoucometothe(open)ofLibrary,Mr.Wang?Mysisterlooksforwardto(fly)tothemoononeday.Dalerefused(tell)meaboutitandIdontknowwhattodo.七、按要求转换句型(共5小题；共10.0分)Mybrotherhastowa

38、lktoschooleveryday.(改为一般疑问句)yourbrotherwalktoschooleveryday?Canshegototheconcertthisevening?(作否定回答),she.Wecangotothemallonthe14th.（对划线部分提问）yougotothemall?ImplayingtenniswithJimonSaturday.（对划线部分提问）areyouonSaturday?Hehaslotsofhomeworktodothisevening.（改为同义句）Hehashomeworktodothisevening.八、对话7选5（共5小题；共10.0分）A:Hi，Ted.B:Hi，Lee.A:Ted,55B:Uh，when?A:Thisafternoon.B:Sorry,Icant.56A:Howabouttomorrow?B:Imreallysorry.TomorrowImplayingbasketballandIhaveaguitarlesson.A:57B:Ihavetohelpmymotherdosomecleaning.A:Oh,Isee.58B:Imsorry，Lee.Ihavenotimethisweek.A:Itdoesntmatter.59.A.Illa