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1、Unit 2 How do you study for a test?GrammarGrammar 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。We are good friends. (现在的情况)I knew him in 1997.(过去的动作) We have known each other since 1997.(现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在) She has been to Beijing. (现在已不在北京,从结果上和现在联系起来) She has been in Beijing for t

2、wo years. (现在仍在北京,从时间上和现在联系起来)现在完成时的三种基本用法:1、未完成用法。表示动作或状态开始于过去,一直延续到现在,可能继续发展,也可能刚刚结束。He has been in the army for ten years.I have studied English since 1980.He has lived here all his life.a. be, live, study 都是延续性动词。 b.常用的时间状语: since, for, in the past few years, so far, all his life.2、反复性用法,表示过去到现在

3、这段时间内反复发生的动作。 I have been to the city twice this week. I have often wondered where she gets her money all these days. 这种用法从时间上与现在发生了联系。3、完成性用法,表示动作或状态到说话时已经完成,通常所产生的结果把过去的动作和状态和现在联系起来。 He has gone to Shanghai. 他已经去了上海。 (结果:他已不在这儿)Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A. where Alice had putB. where had A

4、lice putC. where Alice has putD. where has Alice put 使用现在完成时表示过去发生的“放”的动作对现在的影响,究竟金戒指现在“在哪里”。-Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had beenC. was D. will be “(for) only a few minutes”说明几分钟前来了这里,一直到现在。-_ the sports meet might be put off.-Yes, it al

5、l depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive toldC. Im told D.I told“被告知”是过去的事,对现在的影响是“我已知道”。All the preparations for the task_, and were ready to start.A. completed B. completeC. had been completedD. have been completed 过去的动作“完成了准备工作”,对现在的影响是“现在已准备出发了”。( )1. I havent seen Jane for a long time.

6、Where is she? She _ to New York. A. went B. goes C. has gone 选择最佳选项。CPractice( )2. Who _ the dictionary? I want to use it. Zhang Ming. He _ it for a week. A. borrowed; borrowed B. borrowed; has kept C. borrows; borrowedB按要求完成下列各句, 每空一词(含缩写)。3. He has already finished his homework. (改为否定句) He _ finished his homework _.4. They have found the lost books already. (改为一般疑问句) _ they _ the lost books _? yethasntHavefo

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