初中常用的前缀后缀

1、初中常用的前缀后缀常见的否定前缀前 缀意 义例 词un-不，未(= not) unhappy, unnecessary, unexpected, unusual, , 相反动作uncover, untie, unlock, undressin- ，il-im-，ir-不， 非， 无 incomplete, impossible. impolite, irregular, inability, dis-表示否定表示相反dishonest, disappear, disagreedislike, disbelievemis-表示错、误mistake, misfortune,不幸 misunders

2、tanding误解前 缀意 义例 词a-1.在上/里2.去（to）asleep, along, aloud, alive, across, abroad在国外,aboard 在船/火车/飞机上com-,con-, cor-,col-共同，和comment, collect, co-联合、共同co-worker, coexistre-1.再一次，重新 2.回，返renew, reborn, rebuild, reappear, returnfore-时间或位置的“在前面”(= before)foresee, foreleg,foretell预言, foreknow预卜pre-在前、事先、预先(b

3、efore)prepay, prewar, preschool, prehistory前 缀意 义例 词post-时间和顺序的“在后边” (= after)post-war, postgraduateinter-互相(= between, among)interactinternationalmulti-多，多种multinational multi-culturalmid-中间(= middle)midday, midnighttele-远television, telegramde-1.否定;2.下;3.强调defeat, decode, decrease en-使enable, enco

4、uragesuper-超级、在之上superpower, superhero前 缀意 义例 词sub-下面的；次subway, subtitlesemi-半semi-final,semiconductor(半导体）vice-副vice-premier, vice-chairmanuni-单uniformbi-双bicyclemulti-多multinationalauto-自动，自主Automobile汽车,automation(自动化）anti-反、防anti-tank, anti-socialex-前ex-president, ex-wifetrans-跨越;移transport, tra

5、nslate写出下面单词的前缀important重要的_important不重要的 appear出现_appear消失 correct正确的_correct不正确的 lead带领_lead领错_ lone单独的_gas防毒气的_ chart自动图表_operate合作_ joy使高兴_net互联网_way地铁_phone _use再用找出课文中还有所学词缀的单词说出下列前缀的意思sub-com-pre-mis-im-un-tele-re-en-uni-trans-a-dis-inter-multi-fore-post-后缀意 义 例词 表示人 -er从事职业的人teacher, worker,

6、 learner-or 与-er同义visitor, educator, translator-eer从事于.的人engineer, volunteer, mountaineer-ess女.的actress, waitress, hostess-ian.(专)家/.工作者politician, musician-ist从事.职业/文艺/学术的人artist, socialist, physicist表示物-er从事某工作的物washer, cooker-or从事某工作的物conductor导体表示人和物的名词后缀前 缀意 义例 词-ing 状态feeling，reading-ion/ -tio

7、n/ -sion 动作；过程action, decision, pollution, pronunciation-ment 性质；状态development，government-ness 性质；状态happiness，sadness，illness-ure 状态failure，pleasure-th性质,状态growth, length, wealth, truth其他名词后缀后缀意 义例 词-(a)ble可/能的valuable, horrible, -al有. 性质的natural, technical, actual-ic, -ical.性质的，与.有关的musical, basic,

8、 scientific -ant, -ent.的important, pleasant, excellent -ish稍带.的/. 语的childish, English, Spanish-ive有.倾向的/性质的active, expensive-ful充满.的thankful, powerful, tearful-less表示否定homeless, harmless, wireless-ous充满.的，有.特征dangerous, famous, nervous-y有/多. 的，想.的cloudy, sunny, funny, sleepy-ed有.的， 有.特征的tired, inter

9、ested, learned博学 -en由.构(制)成的wooden, woolen-ern.方向的eastern, western, southern -ly有.性质的，.形状的yearly, daily, orderly, lively形容词后缀differ不同于differ_不同的write写write_作家Japan日本Japan_日本人 act表演act_女演员mouth口mouth_一口 music音乐music_音乐家entreseressfuliannature自然natur_自然的 reason道理reason_有道理的gold金子gold_金的 east东east_东方的c

10、hild孩子child_孩子气的 snow雪snow_雪的alableenernishy用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Mary was very _ at the news, so she looked _ at her husband, her eyes full of _ (sad).2. He _football very well and he was one of the best _ in yesterdays football match. (play)3. Look! How _ Kate is laughing! She seems to be the _ girl in

11、the world (happy).4. Edison was a great _. During his life he had many _. (invent)5. Lucy always cares about her personal _ . She has _ in over 60 movies. (appear)6. You are so _ to help me. Thank you for your _. (kindly)sadsadlysadnessplayedplayershappilyhappiestinventorinventionsappearedappearance

12、kindkindness说出下列后缀的意思-eer-ian-ess-ist-ish-tion-ness-ure-less-ful-ern-ous-able-en-ical后缀用法及意义例词-ly加在形容词之后表示某种状态cheerfully, simply, excitedly表示程度 completely表示时间recently表示次序firstly, secondly-ward-wards加在名词或副词后，表示“向.地”forward, backward, upward,downward, towards, northward副词后缀意 义例 词-ate使成为，成为.educate, tr

13、anslate, calculate-en变为，使有darken, weaken, deepen, sharpen, frighten-fy使成为，使.化beautify, satisfy-ize-ize变成，.化modernize, realize, 动词后缀意 义例 词-teen 十几 thirteen-ty 几十twenty-th构成序数词fifth数词后缀wide宽的wide_加宽 beauty美beaut_美化 real现实的real_意识到 organ机关, 器官organ_组织angry生气的angr_生气地 to到to_朝，向six six_十六 six_第十六 fourf_四

14、十 f_ 第四十nifyizeizeilywardsteenteenthortyortieth分类构成例词形容词后缀-able 有某种能力的comfortable，unforgettable-al 有某种特征的natural，traditional-an 某国或洲人的American，African-ed 有能力的talented，balanced-en 某种材料的golden，wooden-ese 某国人的Chinese，Japanese-ful 有某种特征的beautiful，hopeful，useful-less 表示否定careless，endless，useless-ous 有某种特

15、征的nervous，dangerous-y 表示天气或特征dirty，rainy-ly 有某种特征的friendly-ive 有某种特征的active，expensive-agemarriage, luggage, postage邮费 -urefailure, temperature, pressure, pleasure, -itymajority, opportunity, -mentargument, statement, achievement, amusement, equipment -ismcommunism, criticism, internationalism, socia

16、lism -anceappearance, entrance, -domkingdom, wisdom, freedom-ydifficulty, discovery, bravery, machinery-alarrival, refusal, disapproval, -nesskindness, illness, brightness, selflessness, correctness-shipcitizenship, friendship, professorship, hardship, comradeship-hoodchildhood, brotherhood,兄弟情谊，-th

17、strength, growth, length, wealth, truth-erybravery, slavery, chemistry, surgery, machinery抽象名词和集体名词的后缀1. 前缀加前缀一般不改变词类，而只是改变原词的词义。分类构成例词构成反义词的前缀dis-disagree，disappear，dislikeim-impolite，impossibleun-unable，uncertain，unhappy表示特定意思的前缀down- 往下downloadkilo- 千kilometreman- 人，由人man-mademis- 错误地mistake，misu

18、nderstandre- 重新，再次rebuild，retell可以改变词性的前缀a- 加在名词前构成形容词或副词asleep，aboard，asideen- 加在名词或形容词前构成动词encourage，enable，enrich2后缀加后缀一般只改变原词的词性。分类构成例词名词后缀-er 从事某工作的人dancer，driver-ing 状态feeling，reading-ion / -tion / -sion 动作；过程action，decision-ist 专业人员scientist，terrorist-ment 性质；状态development，government-ness 性质；状态happiness，sadness-or 从事某事的人actor，visitor-tion 动作；过程invention，pronunciation-ure 状态failure，pleasure分类构成例词形容词后缀-able 有某种能力的comfortable，unforgettable-al 有某种特征的natural，traditional-an 某国或洲人的American，Afr