2022年八上8单元知识点

1、Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake .1.短语1打开 turn on 2切碎 cut up 3奶昔 milk shake 4把 倒入 pour into 5剥三根香蕉 peel three bananas 6把 放入 putinto 7一杯酸奶 a cup of yogurt 8两勺蜂蜜 two spoons of honey 2. Turn on the blender. 打开搅拌机turn on 意为“ 打开”,反义词组是 turn off 关上 ；turn on 接通 电流、煤气、水等 ,打开点拨 turn on 的反义词组是 turn

2、off 关上 ；都是“动词 +副词”构成的短语后接代词作宾语时,要将代词放在 turn 和 on/off 之间 ；如后接名词作宾语 ,就该名词位于副词前后都可以；Kate, I want to watch TV. Please turn it on. 凯特,我想看电视,请打开它；拓展 turn up 调大 音量等 ；turn down 调小 音量等 ；拒绝turn over 把 翻转过来；turn around 转身【辨析】turn on, open 1turn on 开,打开 ,通常指打开水龙头、煤气及电视、电灯、电脑、收音机等电器的开关 ,反义词组为 turn off 关掉 ；Mother

3、 is asleep. Youd better not turn on the TV set.妈妈睡觉了；你最好别开电视机；2 open 开 ,打开 ,开启 ,指打开门、窗、箱、盒、书等物品 ,反义词为 close；close 的形容词是 closed. open 仍可以作形容词 ,意为“ 开着的、睁着的”；The boy is opening the window. 这个男孩正在开窗户；3. Cut up the bananas. cut up 切碎 ,切开 ,相当于 cut into pieces, cut up 属于“动词 +副词 ” 构成的短语 ,故接代词it/them 时,要放在 c

4、ut up 中间 ,接名词时放后边和中间都可以；Cut up the apple. 切碎那个苹果；Cut them up. 把它们切碎；【拓展】cut sth. into/in sth.将某物切成 ,cut down 砍倒 cut up 切碎She cut it up with a knife. She cut it into pieces with a knife. 她用刀把它切碎了；拓展 cut down 砍倒,削减；cut off 切除；cut out 删除,删去；Cut.in half 把. 切成两半4. Pour the milk into the bender. pour 是及物动

5、词 ,意为“ 倾倒 ,灌,浇” ,后可以接名词 / 代词作宾语； pour 可以接双宾语或介词短语 ,即 pour sb.sth.=pour sth.for sb. pour in意为“ 把 倒入 /灌入 ”,pourout 把 倒出； Shall I pour you a cup of tea. =Shall I pour a cup of tea for you. 需要我给你倒杯茶吗 . Dont pour waste into the river.不要将垃圾倒进河里；5. Put the bananas and ice-cream in the blender. put in 把 放进

6、里,强调放入的结果；put into 把 放进 里去 ,强调放入的过程 , into 意为“ 进入 里”,是表示动态的复合介词 , in 意为“ 在 里”,是表示静态的介词 ,在 put,throw,break,lay,fall 等动词之后 ,既可以用 in,也可以用 into ；He put the books in/into the desk. 他把书放到书桌里去了；6. How much yogurt do we need. how much 表示“ 多少”,后面跟不行数名词；How much water do you drink every day. 你每天喝多少水 . 【拓展】how

7、 much 仍可用来询问价钱或运算的结果；How much does this bike cost. =Whats the price of this bike. 这辆自行车值多少钱 . How much is two plus two. =Whattwo plus two. 二加二是多少 . 【辨析】how many , how much 1how many 后面接可数名词复数 ,对数量的“ 多少” 进行提问；How many students took part in the school sports meeting in your class. 你们班有多少同学参加了学校运动会 . 2

8、 how much 可单独使用 ,或后面接不行数名词 ,对钱等数量的“ 多少” 进行提问；How much did you pay for the coat. 你买这件外套花了 多少钱 . How much water is there in the glass. 杯子里有 多少 水. 7. Then add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for another 10 minutes. add v.增加 ;添加； 指在原有的基础上再添加；Please add some salt to the soup. 请往汤里加点盐；【辨析】add to

9、,add to 1 add to 把 加到 上,把 加到 中；假如 to 的宾语在上文中已经提到 ,就可省略宾语和 to ；This soup is too salty.Please add some hot water to the soup. 2 add to 是“ 增加 ,增加” 的意思 ；这汤太咸了；请加些热水；Your coming added to our pleasure. 你的到来增加了我们的欢乐； another 10 minutes 另外非常钟 , “ another + 数字 + 名词复数 ”表示 “又 ,再 ” , 相当于“ 数字+ more + 名词复数 ”；They

10、 worked for another two hours after twelve o 他们在十二点后又工作了 2 个小时；【拓展】another 通常用于三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或物体 ,意思是“ 另一个 ,再一个” ；This pair of shoes is too small for me. Please show me another pair.我拿一双；8. Half a cup. half a/an/the 半 、一半 ； half a cup of 半杯的 ；It took us half an hour to go half a mile. 我们花半小时走了半英里

11、；这双鞋我穿太小了； 请再给Please give me half a cup of tea. I am a little thirsty. 请给我半杯茶；我有点儿渴了；【留意】half of作主语 ,of 后接单数可数名词 /不行数名词或代词宾格 it 时,谓语动词用单数;如接复数可数名词或代词宾格 them 时,谓语动词用复数；Half of the students are good at English. 一半的同学善于英语；Half of his money is lost.他一半的钱丢了；9. First, put some butter on a piece of bread.

12、piece n.片;块 ;段； piece 是可数名词 ,主要用于表示名词的数量 He ate a piece of cake. 他吃了一块蛋糕；10.people usually eat traditional food on special holidays. traditional adj.传统的 ;惯例的；作表语或定语；,常用“ 数词 +pieces+名词 ”The traditional education should be changed. 传统的训练需要转变了；【拓展】 tradition n.传统 ,惯例 ,in the tradition of 具有 的风格 ,by tra

13、dition 根据传统风俗；11. It is always on the fourth Thursday in November,and is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn. autumn n.秋天 ,秋季 ；It is cool in the autumn. 秋每天气凉快；【固定搭配】in the autumn 在秋季 ,in the late autumn 在晚秋；12. These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having

14、 a big meal celebrate v.庆祝 ;庆贺；名词形式为 celebration 庆祝 ,庆祝会；We celebrated the Spring Festival with a party at school.在学校我们举办聚会庆祝春节； by+v.-ing 构成方式状语 ,表示 “ 以某种方式、手段做某事” ,by 后可接名词、代词、动名词形式；He teaches himself the violin by practicing the whole night.他通过整夜的练习自学小提琴；【拓展】对 by 引起的方式状语提问时 ,常用疑问副词 how ； How can

15、you change ice into water. 你怎样才能把冰变成水 . By heating it. 通过加热；13. Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner. 这是个倒装句；句式结构为“Here is/Here are + 主语 +”, 其中的谓语动词形式要与后面的主语的数保持一样；如主语为代词时 ,使用不完全倒装 主语在前 ,谓语在后 ；Here is a ticket for you. 这里有一张票；Here are some bananas for them. 这儿有些香蕉给他们；Here she com

16、es.她来了； 介词 for 在句中的意思是“ 对于,就 而言”, havefor breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner结构表示“ 某餐吃什么”；What shall we have for breakfast, mom.妈妈,我们早餐吃什么？14. First, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper. mix v.使 混合 ;融合；Dont mix business with pleasure.不要把工作和消遣掺和在一起；【拓展】1mix up 是动词短语 ,意为“把 混合在一起 ,搅拌 ,搅匀

17、” ,它的宾语是名词时 ,放在词组中间或后面都可 ,如是代词 it/them, 必需放在词组中间；She mixed two drinks up in a glass. 她把两种饮料在玻璃杯里混合；2mix into/to是指“把 和 混合在一起 ” ,指把两种不同类的事物混合在一起；Mix an egg into batter. 把面糊中加进一个鸡蛋；15. Next,fill the turkey with this bread mix. fill v.使布满 ;装满； fill with 用 装满 ,其主语通常是人；She filled the bottle with cola. 他往瓶

18、子里装满了可乐；被动式为 be filled with, 相当于 be full of ；The bottle is filled with cola.The bottle is full of cola. 瓶子里装满了可乐；16. When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy. cover v.掩盖 ,遮挡 ;n.封面 ,盖子； cover with 用 把 掩盖 ;be covered with 被 所覆盖； Three fourths of the surface of the ea

19、rth 掩盖着；is covered with water. 地球表面的四分之三被水You can see a cock on the cover of the book. 你能在这本书的封面上看到一只公鸡；17.Finally,cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes. cut into thin pieces 把 切成薄片；Please cut the potato into thin pieces.请把这个土豆切成薄片； the meat with

20、vegetables是一个名词短语,中心词为 meat, 介词短语 with vegetables 作后置定语 ,修饰 meat, 此处 with 表示某物带有 / 具有某种特点；Tom is an English boy with short and curly hair.汤姆是一个头发短而卷曲的英国男孩；18.serve it to your friends with some vegetables. serve v.接待 ;服务 ;供应； service n. 服务Air hostesses all smile when they serve the passengers.【拓展】ser

21、ve 的常用结构 : 1 “serve+ 名词 /代词 ” 供应某物 The company will serve a meal at noon to all workers.2serve sb.sth.= serve sth.to sb. 款待某人某物；空姐们为乘客服务时总是满脸笑容；该公司将为全部工人供应午餐；The waiter served tea to his customer. 那个服务员给他的顾客上茶；3serve sb.with sth. 用某物款待某人；The old man served us with milk tea yesterday.老人昨天用茶奶款待了我们；4 “

22、serve+ 宾语 +宾语补足语 形容词 ”表示 “供应 ”；Please serve the milk hot. 请供应热牛奶；19.cook it at a very high temperature for a long time. temperature n.温度 ;气温 ;体温；一般用high 和 low 形容温度的高低；The temperature outside is below zero. 外面温度是零下；【固定搭配】 take one s temperature量某人的体温；Do you take your temperature. 你量体温了吗 . 20. To make

23、 this special food, you need to have rice noodles,chicken soup,chicken,lettuce and eggs. To make this special food, 是动词不定式短语 ,在句中作目的状语 ,动词不定式作目的状语通常放在句子后面 ,假如放前面 ,应用逗号隔开；To master a foreign language, you must work hard at it. They have gone out to do some shopping. 为了熟知一门外语,你必需努力学习它；【拓展】另外不定式短语作状语时 ,仍可以表示“ 缘由、结果”；We were surprised to hear the news. 听到这个消息我们很惊讶；表缘由 21. Now,its time to enjoy the rice noodles. It s time to do sth. 和 It s time for sth. 都表示“ 该到 时候了”,to 是不定式符号 ,故后要接动词原形 ,for 是介词 ,故其后要接名词或 doing sth. ；It s time to have supper.=It s time for supper. 到吃晚饭的时