课件汽车专业英语-.211

1、Section 4 Automotive Design and Manufacturing Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.1 Changing Ratios Matching of The Transmission to The Vehicle 11.2 Braking System Design Methodology 11.3 Starting System Design 11.4 Developing and Testing the Engine Management Software Chapter 12 Automotive Manufacturing

2、 12.1 Injection Moulding 12.2 Vehicle architecture design and manufacturing 12.3 Joining For Lightweight Vehicles Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology New Wordsmethodologymedldin.方法论，教学法，操作法，工艺fullfulfi:ln.满足，完成，实现albeit:lbi:itconj.尽管，虽然failurefeiljn.失败，失败者，疏忽，没做到 +to-v

3、muscularmskjula.肌肉的，肌肉发达的，健壮的embraceimbreisv.包括，拥抱，围住，环绕Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology New Wordsmodulationmdjuleinn. 调节，调整，调制hosehuzn.软管exible fleksbln.可弯曲的，柔性的，可变通的distributiondistribju:nn.分发，分配，分布，散布，销售(量)endowindauv.捐赠，资助，赋予(+with)wheelbasewi:lbeisn.轴距rimrimn.缘

4、，边缘，轮辋，轮胎辋圈Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology New WordsrecognizerekgnaizV.认出，识别，正式承认，认可precedingprisi:dia.在前的，在先的，前面的iterationitreinn.重复，重述，反复，迭代，循环formalf:mla.正式的，有条理的，正规的prematurepri:mtjua.比预期早的，过早的，不成熟的，草率的violationvaileinn.违反，违背，侵犯，妨害Chapter 11 Automotive Design11

5、.2 Braking System Design Methodology The primary functions of a brake system must be fullled at all times. In the event of a system failure, the same functions must also be performed albeit with a reduced efciency. Consequently the braking system of a typical passenger car comprises a service brake

6、for normal braking, a secondary/emergency brake used in the event of a service brake failure and a parking brake. Current practice permits service brake components to be used in the secondary/parking brake systems. Irrespective of the detail design considerations all brake systems can be divided int

7、o the following subsystems:Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology (1) Energy source This includes all those components which generate, store or release energy required by the braking system. In standard passenger cars muscular pedal effort, applied by the driver, in combi

8、nation with a vacuum boost system comprise the energy source. In the event of a boost failure, the driver can still apply the brakes by muscular effort alone. Alternative sources of energy include power braking systems, surge brakes, drop weight brakes, electric and spring brakes. (2) Modulation sys

9、tem This embraces those elements of the brake system which are used to control the level of braking effort applied to each brake. Included in this system are the driver, pressure limiting/modulating valves and, if tted, anti-lock braking systems ( ABSs ). Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking Sys

10、tem Design Methodology (3) Transmission systemThe components through which energy travels to the wheel brakes comprise the transmission system. Brake lines (rigid tubes) and brake hoses ( exible tubes ) are used in hydraulic and air brake systems. Mechanical brakes make use of rods, levers, cams and

11、 cables to transmit energy. The parking brake of a car quite often makes use of a mechanical transmission system.(4) wheel brakes These assemblies generate the forces that oppose the motion of the vehicle and in doing so convert the kinetic energy associated with the longitudinal motion of the vehic

12、le into heat. Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology There are four main stages involved in the design of a brake system. The rst, and perhaps most fundamental stage, is the choice of brake force distribution between the axles of the vehicle. This is primarily a function

13、of the vehicle dimensions and its weight distribution. Next is the design of the transmission system and this activity embraces the sizing of the master cylinder together with the front and rear wheel cylinders. Additional components, such as special valves that modulate the hydraulic pressure appli

14、ed to each wheel are physically accounted for at this stage. The foundation brakes form the focus of the third stage of the process. As well as being able to react the applied loads and torques, the foundation brakes must be endowed with adequate thermal performance, wear and noise characteristics.

15、The last phase in the process results in the incorporation of the pedal assembly and vacuum boost system into the brake system. Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology To plish this design task, the engineer requires access to several fundamental vehicle parameters. These

16、include: laden and unladen vehicle mass; static weight distribution when laden and unladen; wheelbase; height of centre of gravity when laden and unladen; maximum vehicle speed; tyre and rim size; vehicle function; braking standards. Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.2 Braking System Design Methodology

17、 It is essential to recognize that each of the preceding stages is closely linked and that the nal design will take many iterations to realize. Thus any formal methodology must be designed so as not to compromise the overall system quality that could result from design changes at the component level

18、. By way of example, a reduction in package space could lead to smaller diameter wheel brakes having to be tted to the vehicle. This will change the brake force distribution unless checked, by say resizing the wheel cylinders, and in the worst case this could lead to premature wheel lock and a viola

19、tion of the governing legislation.Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.4 Developing and Testing the Engine Management Software New Wordsapplicationplikeinn.应用，应用程序，申请，申请书one-offa.仅一次的，一次性的definabledifainbla.可限定的，可（下）定义的top-downa. (规划或设计)从总体到细节的，由上而下feasibilityi:zbilitin.可行性，可能性 eautkmn.结果，结局，后果，输出，产物compl

20、exitykmpleksitin.复杂(性)，错综复杂的事物representreprizentv.描绘，表现，象征，表示 debugdi:bgv.排除错误，（程序）调试（整）Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.4 Developing and Testing the Engine Management Software New Wordsvalidationvlideinn.批准，确认，(有效性)验证validvlida.有根据的，合法的，正确的bugbgn.臭虫，故障，毛病，(程序中的)错误rectifyrektifaiv.矫正，改正，整(流)，调整hesitat

21、ionheziteinn.踌躇，犹豫，迟缓，暂停altitudeltitju:dn.高度，高地，海拔obscurebskjua.暗的，模糊的，含糊不清的，难解的intentionintennn.意图,意向,目的Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.4 Developing and Testing the Engine Management Software There is, of course, more than one way of producing a computer program. Most programs used in the electronic

22、 control unit of a vehicle digital control system are specialist applications and, as such, are one-off creations. The method used to create the final program is known as the top down structured programming technique. Following on from a need for the final product, the process can be seen to pass th

23、rough six definable stages.1. Requirement analysis seeks to answer the question as to whether a computerized approach is the best solution. It is, in effect, a feasibility study.2. Task definition is a process of deciding exactly what the software will perform. The e of this stage will be a set of f

24、unctional specifications. Chapter 11 Automotive Design11.4 Developing and Testing the Engine Management Software3. Program design es more important as the complexity of the task increases. This is because, where possible, it is mended that the program be split into a number of much smaller tasks, ea

25、ch with its own detailed specification.4. Coding is the stage at which the task begins to be represented by a computer language. This is when the task es more difficult to follow as the language now used is to be understood by the computer.5. Debugging and validation is the process of correcting any errors or a bug in the program code and then finally ensuring that it is valid. This means checking that the desired outputs appear in response to appropriate inputs. In other words, does it work? (As a slight aside, did you know that the original computer