阅读表达题型解题技巧知识梳理

1、阅读表达题型解题技巧题型介绍阅读表达题是在考查考生阅读理解的基础上，增加了对书面能力的考查。具体要求是：阅读所给短文(不少于200),并根据短文后题目的要求进行简答。参考答题时间为 15分钟。常见阅读表达问题类型主旨概括： What sthe best tile of the passage? What is the purpose of the writer writing this passage? What s the main idea of the article?完成句子： Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper wo

2、rds or phrases.句子替代： Please find out the sentence in the passage which can be replaced by the following one.句子翻译： Translate the underlined sentence in the paragraph into Chinese.封闭性问题：Regular close-ended wh-questions based on the passage.开放性问题：What would you do if you were? What other suggestions wo

3、uld you give? How would yousettle the problem if you were？确认指代关系：What does the word it probably refer to? (no more than 3 wo rds)根据文章的题材和体裁设置其他题目。解题技巧拟定文章标题标题要出现关键词或关键词组。标题要覆盖全文或整个段落，不能离题太远，太笼统或只概括一 段或几句话的意思，即以偏概全。标题如果是句子，句号一般不用，但其他符号要标出。句子填空题首先要信息定位，也就是快速准确地在文章中找到题目中所涉及的相似内容，主要是搜索相似关 键词；二是比较，也是题目陈述

4、和原文陈述的比较，通过语境来确定答案，答案就在文章中，表述时 注意词数。句子填空答题句子填空要整体理解，注意上下文的逻辑性，特别是关联词的使用。语言要简洁，注意词数限制。检查时，看上下文是否通顺，语法是否正确，是否能体现作者的表达意图。翻译试题翻译要整体理解，不能断章取义；弄清 it, they, this, that等代词所指代的含义；理清句子的语法 结构，即找出句子的主谓结构，弄清句子的修饰成分及修饰关系。根据汉语表达习惯对译文做适当的 调整，避免字字对译。省略句要做适当补充，关键词翻译要准确。开放性问题对于开放性问题要审清题目要求，是一步作答还是两步作答，不能直接从文章中找一句话来回答。

5、回答原因很重要。尽量表达自己熟悉的观点和方面，也就是要扬长避短。同义句替换要找准要替代的全部内容，不多也不少。要把替代的句子全写下来，不要用省略号。书写要规范。封闭性问题对于答案唯一的封闭性问题，要注重细节，在原文中相关位置寻找答题依据，并且紧密结合上下文细致推理。指代关系的确认解此类题，首先要返回原文，找出题目中的指代词；其次，向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性词组；最后将找到的词、词组代入，替换该指代词，看意思是否通顺。这道题答案也能在文中找到， 不要用自己的语言归纳，通常代词所指代的名词在本句或其上句之中。真题再现Stamp collectors usually collect stamps

6、 only from certain countries or regions. The traditional method of stamp collecting is to organize stamp collection according to the issue dates.Of course, there are many. You can collect stamps relating to a particular theme. For example, sport lovers may choose the Olympic theme. They try their be

7、st to find Olympic stamps issued by various parts of the world every four years. Some of them may want to concentrate on even more specific sport activities like ball games, gymnasium, swimming, etc.If you like astronomy, you may be keen on collecting stamps describing the stars, planets, spacecraft

8、, spacemen, etc. Once you have fixed the topic, you no longer need to bother about stamps other than the theme you selected. Then, you can put all your effort to collect the stamps around it.China issues zodiac animal stamps(十二生肖由B票)every year to celebrate the Lunar New year. They are extremely popu

9、lar and a lot of collectors wait patiently for 12 years to collect a full set of them. Hong Kongs Lunar New Year special stamp series began in 2000 with the year of Dragon and the twelfth and final set was issued in 2011, the Year of Rabbit. Recently some Western countries have issued zodiac animal

10、stamps, which attract a lot of attention as well.You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point. The topic you choose should not be too narrow. Otherwise, it is very difficult to accumulate stamps around the topic. You will be depressed and even lose your inte

11、rest in collecting stamps.Collecting stamps with themes is especially popular among teenagers because there is a wide range of choices for them. The main challenge is how you organize and expand your collection around your theme. 76. What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 5 words)Fill i

12、n the blanks in Paragraph 2 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)Of course, there are many.What should you do if you want to collect a full set of zodiac animal stamps? (no more than 7 words)List the three general themes in collecting stamps mentioned in the passage. (3 words)What does the word

13、them (Line 3, Paragraph 6) probably refer to? (1 word)Ashley Power s mother bought a cotsrptor her when she was eight. When she was thirteen, she was surfing the Internet regularly, but she couldn t find anywhere for teenagers to meet and talk. And oneday she thought, “ If I had my own website, I d

14、make it a really interesting site for teenagers.So, when Ashley was sixteen, she launched her own website, called GooseHead. She had no idea how big a success it would be, but three years later, the site was the most successful teen site in the USA! It was getting 100,000 hits every day, and Ashley

15、had about 30 employees.After a few years, the website closed down. Then Ashley, who lives in Los Angeles, was asked to write a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life. The book is about how to design a website and start a business. It begins with a section called“ All About Ashlwyiere Ashley tells r

16、eaders what it is like to bethe boss of a company when you are only sixteen.I was so happy. But it was crazy in a lot of ways. I gotvery stressed. I mean, I was only sixteen I didn t eveaVe a car! If you were sixteen and you had your own company, youd be stressed, too!”In an interview Ashley gave ad

17、vice to teenagers who wanted to start their own business, strong and have your dreams and work hard at them. And dont listen when , because I heard no a lot. Just keep going until you hear ! ” yesFor what purpose did Ashley create GooseHead? (no more than 10 words)What is the main idea of Paragraph

18、2 ? (no more than 6 words)According to Paragraph 3, what did Ashley do after GooseHead closed down ? (no more than 10 words)How did Ashley feel as a young boss of a company ? (no more than 5 words)Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in s

19、wimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion. Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games. The disappointment didn stop her from going forward. Instead, she became interested in marathon swimming. A brillian

20、t athlete, she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water. As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world best long-distance s

21、wimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women s record for the course. In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida. Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.Nyad at

22、tempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rough and dangerous. After battling the water for two days, she had to give up for the sake of her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and s

23、trong desire to succeed. For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reaching Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she continued to try new things trav

24、elling the world as a reporter, writing books and giving public speeches about her life. Diana Nyad works to inspire others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games? (No more than 5 words)What does the underlined word“ obstacles

25、 mean? (1 word)What achievement did Nyad make in 1970? (No more than 10 words.)Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore? (No more than 10 words)Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad. (No more than 20 words)答案与解析Collecting stamps with themes 主旨大意题。综观全文可知，本文从第二段第二句提出主题后， 一直围绕这个主

26、题讲述各种主题集邮的方法。other methods of collecting stamps考查补全短文填空题。画线词后介绍了通过特别的主题集邮等其他的集邮方法。We should wait for 12 years.短文信息简答题。由第四段第二句They are etxemely popular and a lotof collectors wait patiently for 12 years可知如果要集满全套的12生肖邮票要等 12年。sport(s); astronomy; animal(s) 归纳问答题。本文的第二、三、四段分别提到了与运动、宇宙以及 动物有关的集邮。Teenage

27、rs. 代词指代题。由画线词所在句可知them指代的是前面的 teenage5本文是一篇人物介绍。美国女孩 Ashley 16岁独自创办青少年社交网站GooseHead,大获成功。几年后，Ashley又出版The GooseHead Guide to Life 一书，畅谈人生感受，与读者分享少年得志的喜悦， 倾诉成功带来的压力和烦恼，并为有意自主创业的青少年提出指导和建议。She wanted to create an interesting website for teenagers. 原文第段概述了 网站GooseHead 的由来，其中“If I had my own website, I

28、 d make it a really interestirfgr teenagers 明确提到创立网站的初衷， 根据题干要求用不多于10个单词归纳出一句话。Ashleys GooseHead was a big success.第二段主要陈述网站的点击量和雇员数，说明它的成功， 因此中心词为success,用不多于六个字组织一个句子。She wrote a book called The GooseHead Guide to Life .第三段明确提到Ashley was asked to write abook called The GooseHead Guide to Life.”She

29、 felt happy but stressed.第三段中两处明确提到了心情：I was so happy I got very stressed 根据词数要求，用不多于 5个词组织一个完整的句子。people tell you that you cant do it本题是根据上下文补全句子，下文明确提到because I heardno a lo睢知上一句是说面对反对意见时不能听从。A serious illness (did). 原文第段 “a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games 用不 同说法表达了同样的含义。Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges. 定位原文 “As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion. agan宾语是 herself和obstacles,后面部分为 obstacles的定