陕西省咸阳市示范中学2022-2023学年高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷考生须知：1全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Tom finally decided to _ and give himself up to the police, which allowed him to get away with only a small f

2、ine.Akill the fatted calfBface the musicCsee the handwriting on the wallDbe a black sheep2After he was promoted to the present position, he is not so hardworking as he _.Awas used toBused to beCwas used to beingDused to3-You know Mr. Green has been ill for days?-Yes, I wonder if he is _ better now.A

3、anyBsomeCanyDno4We have no idea what air we will be breathing in the future if we anything to stop hazy weather.Ahadnt done Bdidnt doChavent done Ddont do5Mike, its really impossible for us to get to the railway station in time!How I wish I could stop the train _ it.Acatch Bto catch Ccatching Dcaugh

4、t6I felt like giving up. I probably _， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”Awould have Bwould Cshould Dshould have7When all is said and done, there doesnt seem to be _ a mystery to explain.Akind ofBclose toCfar fromDmuch of8Creating an atmosphere _ employees feel part of a team is a big

5、 challenge.AwhereBwhoseCthatDwhich9It is unwise to disturb one who is devoted to his work. Just _.Aface the music Bfly off the handleCeat your words Dbite your tongue10Betty was feeling pretty blue for a while, but shes better now._.AOh, thats kind of you BCongratulations COh, Im glad to hear thatDI

6、ts my pleasure11- Ill send you the signed contract personally this time tomorrow.- Sorry, I _ a meeting then.Aam attendingBattendedChave attendedDwill be attending12David didnt attend his daughters graduation ceremony, but he does wish he there.Ashould beBwould beChad beenDwere13Regarding China-US d

7、ifferences on human rights issues, Hong said the two sides can enhance mutual understanding through dialogue _ on equality and mutual respect.AbasedBto baseCbasingDbase14 How can I wake up so early?Set the alarm at 5:00 am., you will make it.AandBbutCorDso15We were scared to death when the fire_. Fo

8、rtunately, it was put out before it caused much damage.Abroke outBcame outCgave outDturned out16The toughest thing about success is _ you have to keep on being a success.AwhyBwhenCwhatDthat17A public health campaign _ the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decadesAhad r

9、educedBhad been reducedChas reducedDhas been reduced18The draft regulation on the online protection of minors, _ for public opinions by the cyberspace authorities, has drawn wide public concern.Areleasing Bhaving releasedCto release Dreleased19When Thanksgiving Day is the corner, stores and supermar

10、kets are busy with people.AaroundBonCwithDat20When I said someone broke the school regulations, I _ you. Why did you get that angry?Adont refer toBhavent referred toCwasnt referring toDhadnt referred to第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）JOHANNESBURGThey say cats have nine lives.

11、Now a Chinese toad(蟾蜍) has joined that club of clever survivors.South Africans are shocked at the endurance of a toad that got trapped in a cargo shipment from China to Cape Town, after jumping into a porcelain candlestick(烛台) that was made there. South African officials reportedly planned to put do

12、wn the creature, fearing it would cause harm as an invasive species if it were let go in the wild.But the toad got a last-minute pardon. Mango Airlines, a South African airline, transported the toad on Friday to Johannesburg for delivery to an animal shelter, after officials decided to find a way to

13、 let the toad live. The two-hour flight was a breeze compared to the trip from China, a long way of many weeks and thousands of kilometers across the Indian Ocean.Airline spokesman Hein Kaiser said the toad got “first-class treatment”, sitting in a transparent plastic container with escort Brett Gla

14、sby, an animal welfare inspector. There was even a ceremony, in which the toads boarding pass was handed to Glasby.“He was the star of the show on the flight,” Kaiser said of the amphibious(两栖的) passenger. “I think every passenger stopped to have a look.”On landing in Johannesburg, the toad was brou

15、ght out of its container for a celebrity-style photo shoot. Observers said the brown toad seemed like a cool customer. It belongs to the Asian Toad species, which breeds during the monsoon(季风) season. It is believed to have survived the trip from China by hardening its skin to prevent it from drying

16、 out, and also by slowing its breathing and heart ratemethods that help the species survive in times of drought.“Weve had snakes in imported timber and scorpions(蝎子) in fruit. We were called because the toad was right inside the candlestick, and we had to break it to get it out” Glasby, the inspecto

17、r, told The Star, a South African newspaper.1、What is the passage mainly about?A Asian toads cant get used to the life in South Africa.B South Africa ignores the protection of animals.C An Asian toad gets a new home in South Africa.D Workers shipped a toad to South Africa on purpose.2、If the toad is

18、 released into the wild, _.A it will make the locals feel shockedB it will lose its life in the wildC it might flee into another countryD it might harm the native species3、The toad was able to arrive in South Africa alive _.A because it formed hard skin to protect itselfB because it escaped all atta

19、cks and huntsC because it used to stop its breath in winterD because it was lucky to be given a chance4、It can be inferred from the passage that _.A a candlestick is the best place for a toadB droughts make toads live longerC sometimes animals are transported accidentallyD no one has seen such a big

20、 toad in Africa22（8分）For Pei Shiyou, this years Lunar New years Eve was among the few he ha spent with his extended family.“Its one of the benefits of starting a business in my hometown,” said Pei, who was born and raised in Hefei, Anhui province, and will soon turn 60. His wish for the Year of the

21、Dog is to see smart glass- the product his team has been developing since 2016-go into production.Starting a business with a creative research team and receiving government support have given him a strong sense of pride, a feeling he says he often lacked during his 25 years working in the United Sta

22、tes, he said.He was among Chinas first students to travel to the US for postgraduate stud After that, he landed his first job at Amoco Corp and later moved to California eventually becoming head of product research and development at KLA-Tencor, a global capital equipment company in Silicon Valley.

23、Yet Pei said he still felt unfulfilled and unsatisfied.“It seemed there was an invisible ceiling for me when I pursued my career in the US. I felt like it was unlikely for me to achieve any higher sense of achievement or recognition.”He returned to China in 2017, and nine years later established a s

24、mart-glass company in Hefei with two other US-trained engineers.The companys product is suitable for low-temperature, flexible smart-film manufacturing and is able to self-adjust its level of transparency based on temperature changes and sunlight conditions, according to Pei, who said it has the pot

25、ential to reduce the need for air conditioning and make curtains abandoned.Between 2007 and 2016, Pei lived and worked in several Chinese cities. “What attracts me to Hefei is that it is easy to gather tech talents here due to the citys rapid development in recent years, and also because it has seve

26、ral universities,” he said. Support from the local government has been one of the best attractions that convinced Pei to locate his company in the eastern Chinese city.In January last year, Hefei was approved as the site of a national-level science center, the second of its kind after an earlier one

27、 was built in Shanghai. The center, now under construction, will focus on areas including information technology, energy and health.1、Why did Pei Shiyou start a business in China?ABecause of his unsuccessful business in America.BBecause his career was blocked by something invisible.CBecause his fami

28、ly desperately wants him to chase roots.DBecause of a sense of accomplishment from his creative team and official support.2、Whats one of the functions of the smart glass?ATo be filmed as a high tech model.BTo adjust transparency according to the surrounding temperature.CTo replace the use of air con

29、ditioners.DTo be used as a kind of new curtain.3、According to Pei, which is a reason why Pei chose his hometown to set up his company?AHe has lived and worked in several Chinese cities.BHis hometowns great progress can attract genius in technology.CHe can update his technology in the nearby universi

30、ties.DHe has the support from the local government of the US.4、What is the best title for the text?AGlass businessman happy to be homeBGlass entrepreneur and his great influenceCsmart-glass coming into our lifeDThe development of an amazing technology23（8分） According to official government figures,

31、there are more than twice as many kangaroos as people in Australia, and many Australians consider them pests(有害动物). Landholding farmers say that the countrys estimated 50 million kangaroos damage their crops and compete with livestock for scarce resources. Australias insurance industry says that kan

32、garoos are involved in more than 80 percent of the 20,000-plus vehicle-animal collisions reported each year. In the countrys underpopulated region, the common belief is that kangaroo numbers have swollen to “plague proportions.”In the absence of traditional hunters, the thinking goes, killing kangar

33、oos is critical to balancing the ecology and boosting the rural economy. A government-sanctioned(政府认可的) industry, based on the commercial harvest of kangaroo meat and hides, exported $29 million in products in 2017 and supports about 4,000 jobs. Today meat, hides, and leather from kangaroos have bee

34、n exported to 56 countries. Global brands such as Nike, Puma, and Adidas buy strong, supple “k-leather” to make athletic gear. And kangaroo meat is finding its way into more and more grocery stores.Advocates point out that low-fat, high-protein kangaroo meat comes from an animal more environmentally

35、 friendly than greenhouse gas-emitting sheep and cattle. John Kelly, former executive director of the Kangaroo Industry Association of Australia, says, “Harvesting our food and fibers from animals adapted to Australias fragile rangelands is extremely wise and sustainable. Many ecologists will tell y

36、ou that there is no more humane way of producing red meat.”Opponents(反对者) of the industry call the killing inhumane, unsustainable, and unnecessary. Population estimates are highly debatable, they say, but “plague proportions” are biologically implausible. Little kangaroos grow slowly, and many die,

37、 so kangaroo populations can expand by only 10 to 15 percent a year, and then only under the best of circumstances. Dwayne Bannon-Harrison, a member of the Yuin people of New South Wales, says the idea that kangaroos are destroying the country is laughable. “Theyve been walking this land a lot longe

38、r than people have,” he says. “How could something thats been here for thousands of years be destroying the country? I dont understand the logic in that.”Can Australians conflicting attitudes toward kangaroos be reconciled(和解)? George Wilson says that if kangaroos were privately owned, then graziers

39、(放牧人)working independently or through wildlife conservancieswould protect the animals, treating them as possessions. They could feed them, lease them, breed them and charge hunter a fee for access. “If you want to conserve something,” Wilson says, “you have to give it a value. Animals that are consi

40、dered pests dont have value.”Privatization could also help reduce grazing pressures. If kangaroos were more valuable than cattle or sheep, farmers would keep less live-stock, which could be good for the environment. Under this scheme, landholders would work with the kangaroo industry on branding, ma

41、rketing and quality control. The governments role would be oversight and regulation.1、What can be learnt from the first three paragraphs?AKangaroo meat is healthier than other red meat.BGlobal brands make small profits on kangaroos.CKangaroos are more friendly to the environment.DOverpopulated kanga

42、roos have become a financial burden.2、What does the underlined word “implausible” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AUnreasonable.BImmeasurable.CUnquestionable.DUnchangeable.3、Which of the following might be the benefit of privatization?AThe popularity of kangaroo hunting.BThe reduction in the number of

43、kangaroos.CThe establishment of more conservation areas.DThe better management of the kangaroo industry.4、The passage is written to _.Aargue against the killing of kangaroosBstress the importance of protecting kangaroosCpresent different opinions on the kangaroo industryDprovide a solution to the pr

44、oblem caused by kangaroos24（8分） China plans to launch 156 small satellites by 2025 toprovide Internet services in low signal areas and placeswith adverse natural environment, according toChinaAerospace Science and Industry Corporation(CASIC).Due to environmental conditionsof deserts,mountains and se

45、as, half of the worlds population has noaccess to the Internet, and the information deficiencyhamperslocal development.It will be Chinas first broadband Internet accesssystem with small satellites hovering in low orbit, whichwill also help meet the needs of commercial space development.The project,

46、named Hongyun, plans to send the firstsatellite by 2019, and launch four more by 2020. By theend of 2025, CASIC plans to have all of the 156 satellites in operation.The Hongyun Proiect, which focuses on communication,remote sensing and navigation, can offer communicationand Internet services for Chi

47、na and less-developed 3countries with reduced latency. Meanwhile, the projectcan also benefit emergency communication, sensor data collection and remote control of unmanned equipment.Currently, international maritime satellites are widely used in communications in mountainous areas and airplanes, bu

48、t those satellites, 36, 000 kilometers abovethe Earth, have time and signal delay as well as high cost for providing services.The small satellites sent by the Hongyun Project will hover in low orbits only hundreds of kilometers to 1, 000 kilometers above the Earth, and thus could improve the Interne

49、t access. However, the low orbit satellites may face challenges in power supply, as they need more energyto reduce the influence of air-resistance compared to highorbit satellites. Experiments are needed to determinewhether solar energy alone is enough.1、According to the passage, _.A156satellites wi

50、ll be launched by the Hongyun Project by 2020Binternational maritime satellites can cause signaldelayCThe Hongyun Project may not encourage commercialspace developmentDlow orbit satellites are currently used widely incommunications in mountainous areas2、The underlined word “hampers” in Paragraph2 pr

51、obably refers to _.AacceleratesBdeterminesCpreventsDpromotes3、Which of the following is not included in the HongyunProject?ACommunication and Navigation.BRemote sensing.CData collection.DSolar energy.4、Low orbit satellites need more energy in order to_.Aprovide more accurate dataBimprove the Interne

52、t accessCreduce the effect of air-resistanceDface more challenges25（10分）As any plane passenger will confirm, a crying baby is almost impossible to ignore, no matter how hard you try. Now scientists believe they may have worked out why. A babys cry pulls at the heartstrings (扣人心弦) in a way while othe

53、r cries dont, researchers found.Researchers found that a babys cry can trigger unique emotional responses in the brain, making it impossible for us to ignore them-whether we are parents or not. Other types of cries, including calls of animals in great pain, fail to get the same response-suggesting t

54、he brain is programmed to respond specifically to a babys cry.A team of Oxford University scientists scanned the brains of 28 men and women as they listened to a variety of calls and cries. After 100 milliseconds, two parts of the brain that respond to emotion lit up. Their response to a babys cry w

55、as particularly strong. The response was seen in both men and women-even if they had no children.Researcher Dr, Christine Parsons said, “You might read that men should just notice a baby and step over it and not see it, but its not true. There is a special processing in men and women, which makes se

56、nse from an evolutionary view that both men and women would be responding to these cries,” The study involved people who were not parents, yet they are all responding quickly to these particular cries so this might be a fundamental response present in all of us regardless of parental status.Research

57、er Katie Young said it may take a bit longer for someone to recognize their own childs cries because they need to do more “fine-grained analysis”. The team had previously found that our reactions speed up when we hear a baby crying. Adults performed better on computer games when they were played the

58、 sound of a baby crying than after they heard recordings of adults crying or high-pitched (高音的) birdsong. The findings could help shed light on post-natal (产后的) depression-where mothers struggle to bond with their newborn-by showing how a healthy brain responds to a babys cries.1、A babys cry is diff

59、icult to ignore because it .Akeeps on crying Bcries harder than adultsCcauses people great pain Dmakes people feel strong emotions2、The underlined word “trigger” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ Aremove BavoidCcause Dcure3、What may Christine Parsons agree to?AAlmost everyone makes certain response to

60、 a babys cries.BA crying baby makes no sense to people without children.CMen pay less attention to a crying baby than women.DParents can hardly recognize their own babies cry.4、Computer games are mentioned in the text to show .Aplayers different reactions to a crying babyBbabys crying contributes to