质量管理常用英语汇编

1、HYPENK l A A HYPERLINK N:整理后HYPERLINK N:整理后 HYPERLINK lD D HYPERLINK N:整理后lE YPRNK l F HYPERLINK l G G HYPERLINK l H HERLIK l I HYPERLINK N:整理后J HYPRIN l K K HPERINK lLLHYPERLINK N:整理后M HPERLINK lNN HYPERLINK N:整理后lO HPRLINK l P HYPEL l Q HPENK l R R HYERLIK l HYPERLINK N:整理后lT HPEIK l U UHYPERLINK

2、N:整理后lV HYPERLINK N:整理后W HYRLI l X X YHYPERLINK N:整理后lZHYPERLINK N:整理后Quky uat Dtioay Acdmic uaiyIpoementProjec （AIP）: Afru for institutinsto rvieachhersaction prjes. cceable quality level (AQL）: n acotinung seres of lots, uaty leel tha,fo th purse of spl insetin， is the imtof satisacory pocessveage

3、. ccepanc nmbr： The maxmm number f dectsor defeies alowblen aslingt fr thelo t beacetabe.Acceptane samlig: Inspetion oa smefrm a ot tdecide htrto ccet tt ot. There re w types：attributes amplng n variales sapling. I arutes saplng, th presceorasn of achartertic inted n eah ftheunit inspecte. I varales

4、 samlig， te nuriclmagtud of a charactrstcs easeda rcorded each inspctedunit;thinvolve ferec o connuos scale of some kid cetane amplin plan:A secificlanhat nictsth sampg szes anasocite cceptace rnonaceptace citeria tobe ued. I atrbutesapln, or examl，hee are single, dube, multiple， sequentia, cain ad

5、skp-lot saplngpans. In varile sampling,threresgle，double ad sequentiamlinln （Frdetailedesctions of the plan, see the tdard NSI/ISO/ASQ A3534-, StatistcsVocabulry and SymbolsStitica QuaityControl.) Accrdation: rtificaion ba dulyrognizd bodofthefcilite， cpaiiy, jectiity, cpetence adingryf ageny,servic

6、， o oeratinal group or indiviul toprdete pecifieviceoroat needd. ccuacy: The araceristi ofa measureet that tlls how cose an obseredaluisto tu alue.Ation lan: Aspecfic meo r pess o chiee thereultsce for by oneor me jects My bea smplrvesioofa prect an. Activity etok gram: An arow darm uedin laig ad ma

7、nagi procsse and rects. AdvancdoducQality Plannig (APQP)：Semenof QS-900 procss thass tol o offethe opponit to getahd of rolms adolvethem efrhe rblemsaffet th usome finitdara: mnagent tolsed o orgnize inomai (suygare duringa brinstrmingctit)Aligmt: Th atos takn o ensue a proesr tiviy uppors the organ

8、zatios tay, oalsan obectives. meri ssoatinforLaboatory cceditton (A2LA）: An ganiation at oralyrecnie otherrganzatons cmeeny pform specific est,tpe ofest r airations Amecantoer tisfaction nde(ACS): Relesd for te irst tme in Oober 199， an ecnic inicator ad cros idstry easre of te sifaction of US hosol

9、dcstors ih he alityof the goodsand ercesavailbeo thembothosegods n evce pouceithin te Unted Statesad hoseprvidedas impots from oeg irms thae substan maket hares r dllar sales. Te CS i c-spsord y tenverit ofcigan Business School， ASQ nd the CFIGrup AmicanNationalStndards Isttte(ANSI）: ANSI isa privat

10、e, nonprofi orgization thataministrs ncodinates heU.S. voluntar sadriaion an coforit assessment system. ts te United Stesemerdy n t ntertonalOrganiztofor Standadization, knwns ISO. Amrca Society for ondestructi Testing (SNT）:T world lges technical ocietyfor nondesructve tesin (NT) profsionals.Amican

11、 ociey f Quality (SQ)： A profssona,o-for-roft ssciation t dvelp, promoes ad aples qality relaed nfrmatio adtechnolgyfore rivatesector，governmet and academia. Teociey srvesmre th 108，000ndiviuls an 1,100corrate ebers n th Unie tes nd 10othercountries. ericn Society r Quaity Conr (ASC): ame of he Soct

12、y from 194 hrgh tmile of 1997;hen caged to SQ. mercnSoiety foesinndMaerals (ASTM）: ot-for-prfit orgiainha provie fou fo te evepmnt d pblictin ofoluntay consenus sadards for mtials, poducs,syses andservices American Societyfr rinin d Deveomt(ATD）: A mbeshp oranizatnroviig teris,ducaion ad support rel

13、atedto wkace learning and perormanc. Amerian tadr code fornforationitrchang （CII):asi computrcharactrsaccped by all Aerica macines n many foignns.Anaysis of ean (ANOM): A satistical rcue fr troubleotin indusrialpocesses and analinthe rsut xerentl desigswth factorsat fixed lel. It pvde a grphicasplay

14、 of data.Eli R. Ot delod te rocedure in 1967 eause ebsrethatnostatsicia hddificultyundestning anasisof variance. nalyss means is easier forquli prcitines tue ecauseit is a tenn o th contro hat. I 1973， Edward . chilin ue extned he cocet, ling analsfmean to be usd ith non-noral itributons aatriutsdat

15、awherete normal aproximtion to he nial istributiodoes ot apply.hs is efed to as anays of meanfr treae ffets. Analysis varance (NOVA): basisatisical tehniuforaalyzing xermenta dat. t sbdiides te totl variaiof aaa se into meinf conent pars associe wit spcific sources of varation i order to es a ptesi

16、the arameters of the oe ro estmate vaiancecoponents ere are ree moe: fxe, rom and mixd. Appraisalcos:Tecost ivolved in ensuring n orgniztion s ctinalstiin t cm to customersquliy reqiremens. Aro dagam： A plannin to todiagram a equene o evs racivitie（ods) nd he ntrconnectivty o uchnode.Itis ued fschdu

17、in nd epecallyfordeterinithe cricl pathrougndes. AS10: An intnatonal qulty maaeenttadard fr th esp idustryublishe b teSiety f Automotiv Engines; ls puishd othr ogaizations rldwid, sEN90 n urope an JI 9100 i apan. Th sadard oole y the Internato rspace uity Grou(see lis）. Asesmen： A systeatiproces o c

18、llctn and analyzin dta to deermnete urent, htorial orrectedstaus aorganizati.sgae c:A nam for tesouc ariion in prces tha s no du tochae and herefore canbe idntieda elmted. A caled specaluse. AssociatonfoQualy anPtciptio (Q）: Affilt orgnio the Amercan ocie o Qaly (S) dedicat o improvig rkpaesthgh qua

19、ity andpartiipaion prctics.ttiue a:Go/o-g nformatio. Te contrl cats baedn attributedtaincludepecent chart,umber oafcted unts chat， cunt chart, coun e uni hr, qulity scre chart nd demerit hart. ributs， method of: Measuremntoquaity by the method of attibutes conssts of ning he resence(oabence） f soear

20、tristic （attibu) i each o t unts unr considean d counting homan units o(o do not) possess it. xamp: g/o-go gaung of a dimensi. Audit: T nspecionand examintion o proe orqaly ystem to sre cmlince oeiments. An audt cnppl oa enire rgniztin or m b pecific to a fncio， pcess productio sep. Autootive Indsy

21、ActionGroup (AIA):The oigiatr and sole sor ofthe QS900 seri ofstandads. AQ Atooive Division mns a iaisonttis ro. vailbliy： Te abiltyf a pctt be ina sttopeformit dsgnaed funtionunder sta conton at aive tie. Arage chrt:A cnrl chrtin hch tebgrp average， X-bar, i used toate te sblity ofe prcess lee vere

22、outgoing qalit (AO):Th expecteverage qualty levelf utgoiduc for agivn vale of incuct qulit Averge utgoin ulty limt (AQL): Thmaximuvrage outoing ality over all poibl evlsf ncmi ality fora in acceptne smplig land dsposal pecicaton. Averag run lengths (RL):On a conrolhrt, te number of sgrsxpcte be iset

23、edbefre a hf manitude tkes pce.Averae sampe nuber (ASN):h averag nubr of samle units inspectdp lot i reaching dcision aceptorreject. Avrae oal npect (AT): Thae nuer unit inspecteper lot, incuding llunits inrjected lots (ppliable whcedurecals for00 insction of reeced lots). YPENK l _topRtun t topBadr

24、ie Award: SeeMalcol aldrie Natoal Qualiy Awardsene mesree:Tebinnig poit，bsed an vluain of te tp veraperiod of time, se todetene the prcsprameerprirto any pove effort; thebasis aanst wichchage is measud. Behmaking: Anrovm rocs i which aompay measres isperorancagist tat fbesn clas companies, erines h

25、thoscompanis hieved heiperforme els anduss he ifratio t mrov itsw peormanc. he subjcts thatcan be enchared iclurteg， oprtions， proceses ad prcrs. eeft-ostaayis： An xanaion of the elaionipbeween the oetry cost of mplmening aimprementn te moey vae ofte benei ai by the mpront， bohwithin te sa i eri Bet

26、 practce： A superir ehodo inoative pracie that onrbus to te mrved prformce oan organizaton, usally rcniedas best y ther er organtons Big Q, Ltle Q: Atem useto contrat the ifferencbeween angingfoqulity nall siness proceses ndpd (big Q） ndmaaging for qualiy n a imted cpactyraitnallyony in facyoducs n

27、poesses(ltl ).Blc Bet(BB):Fll-time t leaer resposibe orimplemntingpesiprvment proectsdefin,msu, aalye,imrv andconol (DMAIC) or fine, measue,analz， design and veif （DMD)wihinte usinessto drive up utoe stisfactinlevls a busiesrctiity Bles:n iprfectinsevee enugh tbe noied butht shuld not caue any ral i

28、pairmenwih repet o ntend nomalor reaonablrseeab us（ lo efec, mprfecio adnonnoriy）. Block diagrm: dram ha howsthe pratin, ierrelsips an idepedenciesofomponents ia ytem. Boes, or lcks (hncetheame),reprsent e comonets; onnectingline beenth blok rpreet itrfaces. hee are wo types bock daas: fuctinal blck

29、 iara,w shw systms susysemand lowerleve productsan terelatioships ndwhc iefacs wth oter systes； ndareliailtyblck iagrm， whc is similar tothunconaboc diagam ecept tha i ismodiedo emphasz thos aspects inflencing reliabiity.Boad o Sadads Review (SR）： A AerianNatonl Sandards Institutod responsile fothe

30、appoval ad withdwalof Amerian Nation Stadrs. ody nol (BOK): he psibe agegtionof kowedge in patulra anndiia sxcted to have masterd to be considr cerfid as pcitionr. tom lin: he essential sae point; the primry o ot iporta cnsideraio lso， theine tthe ttm of financia rport thathws e nepofit r loss Box,G

31、eore E.: A tive f Engln， Bx bga his car duingWorld aI ith he ish Ar Engineers, hrhe lee statistic. Hetudid a Univrsit Cllege,beahead f thestatsticaltchniuesreeachsection tIerial hemc Indtrials obained a doctorte.He move to te Ued States d as foder of Technometric， pblished ASQ nd the Amerian Sttisti

32、al Asoctio. A pofesso at th Uieity o Wisconsin, Bo is a onrary Mebof ASrainsormig: A ecnqu teams ue to enerate dea n a partiularsbjt. Eac ern in te tam isasked hink creatively an write own as may ida a possib Te idea rntdscsed orreviwed untl afte the baistormingsesi. Brethrouh mprvement: A dynmic, d

33、ecisiveovmento a nw, hiher vel of performane.Brubuh,MatnA. (deeasd):heoner firt editor o ndustriaualtyControl magazinA frmeprofess f statics h Unvsity o Buffao, Bumbauh publhed reglary onad staisic. Bumbaug s sumenal n geting twoseaae ualtyoraniztioshe dted Soitiand the Soietyfr uality Controlerged

34、ino one aial orantion：AS (hen AS). Brumbaugh wa n AQ Honoray Mme. B 7799:itishcomerce,govrmentand indusry staeholr wrote B 9 to ddres ormation securit managmentissues, icdig rau,inustrilespionae and phyialdisaster. ay ecomeO stand. Buiess rocs rengineeing (BR): h cocentraton o the mroveet ofbusiess

35、prses that will deliv outstawil chiev rsuls metin the firs bectives,prries and mision HYPERLINK N:整理后http：ww.aqrgnfoglos l tp HYPERINK l top Reun o topC hart: eecount crtCbion： The omaiso of a measremt instmenr stemo uverifieaccuracy o a measurment instuntor sysmonow accyto decany vartion frmtheqire

36、dpermance specification. Caabity turit mel:A framewr tha dsribes teky ements of aetivescess. s anvolutiony ipvemnt pah foma rprocess tomaue， discili rcs.Th CMM coers pctices forlanning, egieerin and magingsftare dvelopment an anteace. Whenolowed， thee k practices improe the lt of rgnatos to meet goa

37、lfo cost,schdule, unctiolit and pruct quality.Cascading: The cntinuing fow of te qualtymssge downo， t though,thenet evof uprvsio until t rechs llworker Sae cocept asdeployng. Cse： n idetifed reasnor he preence aefect or robem. Cusn effect diaam: ool fo analyi rocess ispeson. Iis as referredto as e I

38、shikwa dgram, becse Kaor Iskwa deeled t， and t fishbo diagrm, becaus the complet diagra resemblesafish eltoThe iag iusrtes h main cas nd scauses eaingtoa effct （ympom). The case and fect diagram is one othe seventolof uliy.(e listig). Cerlne: Aleon agraph hat eresen theovrl avage （ean) operating lev

39、el of th processenal ndency: Th tndecy of data athred from apocess to luse toward iddl ale sewhee eteen the igh ad lovlus of measurement. Certictin: The reslt meetghetalis ter se b acredtgor crtcate gig organzation. Cerified mchanic nspector (CI): A A ctiication. etid ult audtor (CA):An ASQcerifiati

40、on ertified ualt udit (C）biomedic： A ASQcertion. Certfie uait auito（CA)-hazar anayis an critical ro on (CP):An AS certicain. ertifiedqualyeniner (CE）： An SQcrifcation.Ceifi quality provet assoite (CIA）： A SQ crificatin. Certi qitymer： An AScerification. Certifid qualit tecnicia （CQT): AASrtiatin. Ce

41、ifiedriablienginer (RE):An ASQcrtifctn. CtifiedSi Sgma lc Belt（CSBB): n AQ eriication Certifid sotw ulity gee (CSQ）: An A cerication.Can reaion: chin events escredy W.Edards Deming: imrov quaity,decae ots，iprove poduivty, ireae maketwth eter qualy andlowr rce, sty inbuess， provie jobsand rovide more

42、obs Chain amplin pn: I cptanc samlin， aplan in ich thecritera foraccepace a rejection aplyto thecumultiv samplig esult for te crtotad on o ore immedte preednot Champio: A usies leader o senir mnager wh ensures thtresourceare availabe fr trinng d prjects， ad wh is noe i project llgate rw； as an eeute

43、wh supports d addresesSixiga rganizatiolssues.Chnge agent:Anindvidual fom wii or ouside aiztn whfacilites changewithin te orgaizato. Mayormay ot the iiiat te change fort.Chracterisic: The factos， ements or mes thaine and ffereiate procs, functon， prodct, servie oothr entity.Chart: tool fr rgniin, su

44、mmarzin an pictin dt in graphic frm.Charter: writ mitmnt approved by anagement stating thescoeof authorityor a improeet poe ortam Checlist:Atool usedto nurell importan ss oractions in anopratio hvebe taken Ceciss cotinitm ipotant r elevant to n issu o iation. hklist are ofte conu ithhects（see dvidul

45、 entry)Ceck shee: A impe daarecoring deve. Theheckshee i custm deinby th se, wic alwshim or hrto radiy intrprete esut. The ck set s oe of the sen toolsof quty(Selstng). Ceckseesaeoften cnfsedwih checklis (seeidivdual ntry）. Classiicaio of defects： Thelsting f posle defcts f a nit，caified acdng tthir

46、 eriusness. oe:ommonlysed lssficati： class A，class, class C,lss ; criical, m, mnr ndienta; or crica, maor and minor.Definios of tse clasificans reqire carefuprparatn a aloring ttoduc() bengsmped to eableaccuate assignment of adeect to tepoperlasication. A spaat acptancespling pan is generally ppled

47、eahcla ofdfcs.Closed-loocrrectvectn (CLC): A sophisticatd ineerigytem designed to dcunt, efy anddiagose ale， recommend adinitate correctiv ation, rovide followu and minticompehsivestatstica ords.ode of coduct： xpecttos of eavior utuayagreed o b a team.Coler, Smon (dcse): An ASQ presient o led the So

48、ietyduig critial gowh peioin 195-5. Hi trm s mrked by numus milesone evns, including a membrhip nree f22% nd the forao of11 ne sctonsan the ist disions. Colir， an ASQ Honoray Memr, as a chemit whbe h aree at eNatoal Burea oSandad (wth NatinalInstito Sandards and Tecnlogy).Laer h worked at Jons-Manil

49、le Cor,hee pdced aqualty trinig flmusebymore han 30 comanie. Cmmocaues: Cuse of rtion thaar hent in prces ver tme. They affet ery outcom o the process and eveyone workin inter (s also specal causes).Copany cuture: Aystem of values, belifsand bhviors inhernt n a company Tooptimiz buinserfomnce， op an

50、agemnt must defe n ceatetheecessr cuture.ompaint rackin: olectin dta，isiating daa to approiate perforreslution, moitorin omlain eoltion progrss a cmmniting resul. ompliance: Te ste of a organizai that mets pscbd speciicatios, onrac tems, reglatio or standard Computer aidedsig (C): oftwareued by riec

51、ts, ennees, drafters adrtists to reerisio drawngso echnicl ilustrns.CADofwaran be ued o creae two-diensionl (2-D） dawngs or thre-ensonal (3-) modls Cmpter aidd engineerng（CAE): A brod er use bthelectonicdsign amion iusy for theuse f omutesto deign,analye and manufacure product nd presesE inds A （see

52、listing) and compte aidd manfctrig (CAM), which is the s uts for maagngufactrn prceses. Courrent ennering (): A wayto reducecos, mprovquaiy ad shrnkctmeb sygprducts system of lif cycle taksduring the ar coept stges.Conflcesluto: maaement ofaconflict iuatio to rrivea sluion aisfactoy o alarte.Confran

53、c: A afirmati dcation o jdmet tht rouct o evice hs met tereqiremts o a relean specficatin, contrat or regulation onormEuropenneMark(CEMak): ofrmit EuropUnomark ThEoan nn ctehe CE Mark to reulate the ods sodwthin s borrs T markepresent a mnufctuersecaratinprducts comply ith h Es NewAppoac Directves T

54、ee directiesaly t n couty hat sllsprdcs whin e EU. Conseus： Astae i which l the membe ofaroup sppot an actin or deciso, even if soe o them dontfly gr ithi. Conultan: A nidalwho hs exrincand exertse in aplying ls ndechniques to rslv proces problms ad who cadvie anacilitatearganizio mpoeet efforts.sum

55、r:he exra custoertowhm a podu or service i ultimately delivee; Also calle end user. Consumess： Pertai t mping and th otentil iskthat bd productwillb acced andshpped t theconumer. Coninou fl roucton: Meansat tems re roducedandmovd fom cessing te to th toe pece a a tme. Eahrocess mesonth oe piece hat

56、tnexroces need, and hransfbatc ize i on Continuou improement （CI): Somimescaedcntinual improvet.Th ng improvemntf poducts, vces rpocesse though cremntl and breatrough improvemens Cotiou qualiyimprovet (CI)： philoshy and attiudeor aalyzin aailties drocsesandirovig tm repeatedly toachieve theobjctive

57、of cutomer satfacton. Contuos saming plan: acceptncesamplg, lan， itendd for apliaion o a contnuo low of nddal units of poduct, tat inolvsaccpace and rejctionn aunit bynit basis andemploy alternatperiodsof 100% inspectionn sapig，the relte mot f 100% npectn deedngo thel ofsumittd produc.Coninuussaplin

58、g lans usall require that eachtpeioof 100ipecon contnueduntil pecified number， ,of consecutily nspectednis ar foundcear of efects. Nt: For singl lvel cntinous saplingpls, asingle d ampling at (foreape,nspect unit 5 or 1 un in 10) sed durisamping. For mltlvecntnuous samplig plans, two or more samplga

59、ts aybe se： Thae a tm depens o thqulity of bmtted prd.Contrl chrt: car wit upper and lwer contl liits onhich valueosomstasialmearefor a seres of sample or ugrp are potted The chartfrequel show entra in thelptec trend o pot aue towad eihe contrllimit.otrol limits: he naural bodisof a prcess withinspe

60、ifid nidence lvels, epress as te uppercontrl lmit(UC) ndthe lower ontrol limit (LCL）. Contrl lan(P): A docnt adescrbehereqied carastis r te a f apuct or srice， uding mesres and ctr methods oordinte msurinmachin(MM）: A dicehatmnsially msures 3D prouts，tools n coponens with n acuacypprachng 0.001 in.